harshen in All languages combined

Forms: harshens [present, singular, third-person], harshening [participle, present], harshened [participle, past], harshened [past] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From harsh + -en. Etymology templates: {{suffix|en|harsh|en|id2=inchoative}} harsh + -en Head templates: {{en-verb}} harshen (third-person singular simple present harshens, present participle harshening, simple past and past participle harshened)

Inflected forms

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "harsh",
        "3": "en",
        "id2": "inchoative"
      },
      "expansion": "harsh + -en",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From harsh + -en.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "harshens",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harshening",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harshened",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harshened",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "harshen (third-person singular simple present harshens, present participle harshening, simple past and past participle harshened)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To make, or to become harsh; render hard and rough."
      ],
      "id": "en-harshen-en-verb-0Wz6CZNf",
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "render",
          "render"
        ],
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ],
        [
          "rough",
          "rough"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To make, or to become harsh; render hard and rough."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "28 72",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 65",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -en (inchoative)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To render peevish, morose, or austere."
      ],
      "id": "en-harshen-en-verb-fTUb6oum",
      "links": [
        [
          "peevish",
          "peevish"
        ],
        [
          "morose",
          "morose"
        ],
        [
          "austere",
          "austere"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To render peevish, morose, or austere."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "harshen"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms suffixed with -en (inchoative)",
    "English verbs"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "harsh",
        "3": "en",
        "id2": "inchoative"
      },
      "expansion": "harsh + -en",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From harsh + -en.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "harshens",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harshening",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harshened",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harshened",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "harshen (third-person singular simple present harshens, present participle harshening, simple past and past participle harshened)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To make, or to become harsh; render hard and rough."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "render",
          "render"
        ],
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ],
        [
          "rough",
          "rough"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To make, or to become harsh; render hard and rough."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To render peevish, morose, or austere."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "peevish",
          "peevish"
        ],
        [
          "morose",
          "morose"
        ],
        [
          "austere",
          "austere"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To render peevish, morose, or austere."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "harshen"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"harshen" meaning in All languages combined

Verb [English]

Inflected forms