"harduz" meaning in All languages combined

See harduz on Wiktionary

Adjective [Proto-Germanic]

IPA: /ˈxɑr.ðuz/
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kort-ús, from *kert-, *kret- (“strong, powerful”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κρατύς (kratús, “strong”), Ancient Greek κράτος (krátos, “strength, power, dominion”). Etymology templates: {{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*kret-}}, {{inh|gem-pro|ine-pro||*kort-ús}} Proto-Indo-European *kort-ús, {{cog|grc|κρατύς||strong}} Ancient Greek κρατύς (kratús, “strong”), {{cog|grc|κράτος||strength, power, dominion}} Ancient Greek κράτος (krátos, “strength, power, dominion”) Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-adj}} Forms: hardizô [comparative], hardistaz [superlative], no-table-tags [table-tags], harduz [masculine, nominative, singular, strong], hardijai [masculine, nominative, plural, strong], hardī [feminine, nominative, singular, strong], hardijôz [feminine, nominative, plural, strong], hardų [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -jatō [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], hardijō [neuter, nominative, plural, strong], hardijanǭ [accusative, masculine, singular, strong], hardijanz [accusative, masculine, plural, strong], hardijǭ [accusative, feminine, singular, strong], hardijōz [accusative, feminine, plural, strong], hardų [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -jatō [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], hardijō [accusative, neuter, plural, strong], hardijas [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], hardīs [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], hardijaizǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, strong], hardijaizōz [feminine, genitive, singular, strong], hardijaizǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, strong], hardijas [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], hardīs [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], hardijaizǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, strong], hardijammai [dative, masculine, singular, strong], hardijaimaz [dative, masculine, plural, strong], hardijaizōi [dative, feminine, singular, strong], hardijaimaz [dative, feminine, plural, strong], hardijammai [dative, neuter, singular, strong], hardijaimaz [dative, neuter, plural, strong], hardijanō [instrumental, masculine, singular, strong], hardijaimiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, strong], hardijaizō [feminine, instrumental, singular, strong], hardijaimiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, strong], hardijanō [instrumental, neuter, singular, strong], hardijaimiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, strong], hardijô [masculine, nominative, singular, weak], hardijaniz [masculine, nominative, plural, weak], hardijǭ [feminine, nominative, singular, weak], hardijōniz [feminine, nominative, plural, weak], hardijô [neuter, nominative, singular, weak], hardijōnō [neuter, nominative, plural, weak], hardijanų [accusative, masculine, singular, weak], hardijanunz [accusative, masculine, plural, weak], hardijōnų [accusative, feminine, singular, weak], hardijōnunz [accusative, feminine, plural, weak], hardijô [accusative, neuter, singular, weak], hardijōnō [accusative, neuter, plural, weak], hardīniz [genitive, masculine, singular, weak], hardijanǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, weak], hardijōniz [feminine, genitive, singular, weak], hardijōnǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, weak], hardīniz [genitive, neuter, singular, weak], hardijanǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, weak], hardīni [dative, masculine, singular, weak], hardijammaz [dative, masculine, plural, weak], hardijōni [dative, feminine, singular, weak], hardijōmaz [dative, feminine, plural, weak], hardīni [dative, neuter, singular, weak], hardijammaz [dative, neuter, plural, weak], hardīnē [instrumental, masculine, singular, weak], hardijammiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, weak], hardijōnē [feminine, instrumental, singular, weak], hardijōmiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, weak], hardīnē [instrumental, neuter, singular, weak], hardijammiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, weak]
  1. hard Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-harduz-gem-pro-adj-7VRluSIN Categories (other): Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 50 50
  2. brave Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-harduz-gem-pro-adj-obshayu7 Categories (other): Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 50 50
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: hardijaną, hardį̄, hardulīkaz, harduhertaz, Agjōharduz, Bernuharduz, Raginaharduz, Rīkaharduz
Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 0 0 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 0 0
{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    },
    {
      "_dis": "0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Pages with entries",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "hardijaną"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "hardį̄"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "hardulīkaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "harduhertaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Agjōharduz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Bernuharduz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Raginaharduz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Rīkaharduz"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*hard(ī)"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hard(ī)\nOld English: heard\nMiddle English: hard\nEnglish: hard\n→ Finnish: haarti\n→ Spanish: hard\nScots: hard, haird\nOld Frisian: herde, herd\nSaterland Frisian: hart\nWest Frisian: hurd\nOld Saxon: hard\nMiddle Low German: hart, hārde\nLow German: hard, hart\nOld Dutch: hart\nMiddle Dutch: hart\nDutch: hard\nJersey Dutch: hārd\nNegerhollands: hart\nSkepi Creole Dutch: hardt\nOld High German: hart\nMiddle High German: hart, herte\nAlemannic German: hert\nSwabian: hirrt\nBavarian: hoat\nCentral Franconian: haat\nGerman: hart\nLuxembourgish: haart\nYiddish: האַרט (hart)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hard(ī)\nOld English: heard\nMiddle English: hard\nEnglish: hard\n→ Finnish: haarti\n→ Spanish: hard\nScots: hard, haird\nOld Frisian: herde, herd\nSaterland Frisian: hart\nWest Frisian: hurd\nOld Saxon: hard\nMiddle Low German: hart, hārde\nLow German: hard, hart\nOld Dutch: hart\nMiddle Dutch: hart\nDutch: hard\nJersey Dutch: hārd\nNegerhollands: hart\nSkepi Creole Dutch: hardt\nOld High German: hart\nMiddle High German: hart, herte\nAlemannic German: hert\nSwabian: hirrt\nBavarian: hoat\nCentral Franconian: haat\nGerman: hart\nLuxembourgish: haart\nYiddish: האַרט (hart)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "harðr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: harðr\nIcelandic: harður\nFaroese: harður\nNorwegian: hard; (dialectal) hard’u, hard’e\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: hard\nOld Swedish: harþer\nSwedish: hård\nDanish: hård\nNorwegian Bokmål: hård",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: harðr\nIcelandic: harður\nFaroese: harður\nNorwegian: hard; (dialectal) hard’u, hard’e\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: hard\nOld Swedish: harþer\nSwedish: hård\nDanish: hård\nNorwegian Bokmål: hård"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃 (hardus)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃 (hardus)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urj-fin-pro",
            "2": "*hardas",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *hardas",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *hardas (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kret-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*kort-ús"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kort-ús",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κρατύς",
        "3": "",
        "4": "strong"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κρατύς (kratús, “strong”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κράτος",
        "3": "",
        "4": "strength, power, dominion"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κράτος (krátos, “strength, power, dominion”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kort-ús, from *kert-, *kret- (“strong, powerful”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κρατύς (kratús, “strong”), Ancient Greek κράτος (krátos, “strength, power, dominion”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hardizô",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardistaz",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "u-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harduz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-jatō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-jatō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardīs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardīs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardīniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardīniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardīni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardīni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardīnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardīnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/harduz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hard"
      ],
      "id": "en-harduz-gem-pro-adj-7VRluSIN",
      "links": [
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "brave"
      ],
      "id": "en-harduz-gem-pro-adj-obshayu7",
      "links": [
        [
          "brave",
          "brave"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxɑr.ðuz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "harduz"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Germanic adjectives",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kret-",
    "Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic u-stem adjectives"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "hardijaną"
    },
    {
      "word": "hardį̄"
    },
    {
      "word": "hardulīkaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "harduhertaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "Agjōharduz"
    },
    {
      "word": "Bernuharduz"
    },
    {
      "word": "Raginaharduz"
    },
    {
      "word": "Rīkaharduz"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*hard(ī)"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hard(ī)\nOld English: heard\nMiddle English: hard\nEnglish: hard\n→ Finnish: haarti\n→ Spanish: hard\nScots: hard, haird\nOld Frisian: herde, herd\nSaterland Frisian: hart\nWest Frisian: hurd\nOld Saxon: hard\nMiddle Low German: hart, hārde\nLow German: hard, hart\nOld Dutch: hart\nMiddle Dutch: hart\nDutch: hard\nJersey Dutch: hārd\nNegerhollands: hart\nSkepi Creole Dutch: hardt\nOld High German: hart\nMiddle High German: hart, herte\nAlemannic German: hert\nSwabian: hirrt\nBavarian: hoat\nCentral Franconian: haat\nGerman: hart\nLuxembourgish: haart\nYiddish: האַרט (hart)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hard(ī)\nOld English: heard\nMiddle English: hard\nEnglish: hard\n→ Finnish: haarti\n→ Spanish: hard\nScots: hard, haird\nOld Frisian: herde, herd\nSaterland Frisian: hart\nWest Frisian: hurd\nOld Saxon: hard\nMiddle Low German: hart, hārde\nLow German: hard, hart\nOld Dutch: hart\nMiddle Dutch: hart\nDutch: hard\nJersey Dutch: hārd\nNegerhollands: hart\nSkepi Creole Dutch: hardt\nOld High German: hart\nMiddle High German: hart, herte\nAlemannic German: hert\nSwabian: hirrt\nBavarian: hoat\nCentral Franconian: haat\nGerman: hart\nLuxembourgish: haart\nYiddish: האַרט (hart)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "harðr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: harðr\nIcelandic: harður\nFaroese: harður\nNorwegian: hard; (dialectal) hard’u, hard’e\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: hard\nOld Swedish: harþer\nSwedish: hård\nDanish: hård\nNorwegian Bokmål: hård",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: harðr\nIcelandic: harður\nFaroese: harður\nNorwegian: hard; (dialectal) hard’u, hard’e\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: hard\nOld Swedish: harþer\nSwedish: hård\nDanish: hård\nNorwegian Bokmål: hård"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃 (hardus)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃 (hardus)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urj-fin-pro",
            "2": "*hardas",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *hardas",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *hardas (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kret-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*kort-ús"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kort-ús",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κρατύς",
        "3": "",
        "4": "strong"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κρατύς (kratús, “strong”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κράτος",
        "3": "",
        "4": "strength, power, dominion"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κράτος (krátos, “strength, power, dominion”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kort-ús, from *kert-, *kret- (“strong, powerful”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κρατύς (kratús, “strong”), Ancient Greek κράτος (krátos, “strength, power, dominion”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hardizô",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardistaz",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "u-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harduz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-jatō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-jatō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardīs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardīs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardīniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardīniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardīni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardīni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardīnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardīnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hardijammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/harduz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hard"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "brave"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "brave",
          "brave"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxɑr.ðuz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "harduz"
}

Download raw JSONL data for harduz meaning in All languages combined (10.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.