See gwul on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*gwrėɣɨd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *gwrėɣɨd",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*wregeti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *wregeti",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "gwneud"
},
"expansion": "Welsh gwneud",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "ober"
},
"expansion": "Breton ober",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inflected forms in gwr- are from Proto-Brythonic *gwrėɣɨd, from Proto-Celtic *wregeti, cognate with Welsh gwneud (older forms with initial gwr-) and Breton ober (all forms in g(w)r-).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrav",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gwredh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gwra",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"impersonal",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrug",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrussys",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrug",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrussyn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrussowgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrussons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrug",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "gwren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gwres",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gwre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwres",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"impersonal",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrussen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrusses",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrussa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrussen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrussewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrussens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrussys",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrylliv",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrylli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrello",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwryllyn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gwryllowgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrellons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwreller",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"impersonal",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrellen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrelles",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrella",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrellen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrellewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrellens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrellys",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"impersonal",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gwra",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gwres",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "ow kwul",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrys",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gwul",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"unmutated"
]
},
{
"form": "wul",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "kwul",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "hwul",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mixed"
]
},
{
"form": "wul",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"after-th",
"mutation-mixed"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "verb",
"3": "irregular",
"cat2": "irregular verbs"
},
"expansion": "gwul (irregular)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "gul"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of gul"
],
"id": "en-gwul-kw-verb-HPlcyehb",
"links": [
[
"gul",
"gul#Cornish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"irregular"
]
}
],
"word": "gwul"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*gwrėɣɨd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *gwrėɣɨd",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*wregeti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *wregeti",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "gwneud"
},
"expansion": "Welsh gwneud",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "ober"
},
"expansion": "Breton ober",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inflected forms in gwr- are from Proto-Brythonic *gwrėɣɨd, from Proto-Celtic *wregeti, cognate with Welsh gwneud (older forms with initial gwr-) and Breton ober (all forms in g(w)r-).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrav",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gwredh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gwra",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"impersonal",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrug",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrussys",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrug",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrussyn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrussowgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrussons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrug",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "gwren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gwres",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gwre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwres",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"impersonal",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrussen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrusses",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrussa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrussen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrussewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrussens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrussys",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrylliv",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrylli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrello",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwryllyn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gwryllowgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrellons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwreller",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"impersonal",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrellen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrelles",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrella",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrellen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrellewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrellens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrellys",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"impersonal",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gwra",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gwres",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "ow kwul",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gwrys",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gwul",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"unmutated"
]
},
{
"form": "wul",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "kwul",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "hwul",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mixed"
]
},
{
"form": "wul",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"after-th",
"mutation-mixed"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "verb",
"3": "irregular",
"cat2": "irregular verbs"
},
"expansion": "gwul (irregular)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "gul"
}
],
"categories": [
"Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"Cornish irregular verbs",
"Cornish lemmas",
"Cornish terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Cornish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Cornish verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of gul"
],
"links": [
[
"gul",
"gul#Cornish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"irregular"
]
}
],
"word": "gwul"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gwul meaning in All languages combined (7.2kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: gwul/Cornish 'present/future' base_tags={'indicative'}",
"path": [
"gwul"
],
"section": "Cornish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "gwul",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: gwul/Cornish 'present/future' base_tags={'pluperfect', 'subjunctive'}",
"path": [
"gwul"
],
"section": "Cornish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "gwul",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'verbal adjective'",
"path": [
"gwul"
],
"section": "Cornish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "gwul",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: gwul/Cornish 'aspirate' base_tags={'soft', 'unmutated'}",
"path": [
"gwul"
],
"section": "Cornish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "gwul",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: gwul/Cornish 'hard' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'unmutated'}",
"path": [
"gwul"
],
"section": "Cornish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "gwul",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (74c5344 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.