See gulbia on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "gubia"
},
"expansion": "Galician: gubia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: gubia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "gorbia"
},
"expansion": "Italian: gorbia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: gorbia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "gouge"
},
"expansion": "Old French: gouge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: gouge"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gouge"
},
"expansion": "English: gouge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: gouge"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "gouge"
},
"expansion": "French: gouge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: gouge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "gubia"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: gubia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: gubia"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cel-gau",
"3": "*gulbiā"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish *gulbiā",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*gulb-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *gulb-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "gulba",
"3": "",
"4": "beak, jaw"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish gulba (“beak, jaw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "gylfin",
"3": "",
"4": "beak"
},
"expansion": "Welsh gylfin (“beak”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gelbʰ-",
"3": "",
"4": "to flay, scrape"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gelbʰ- (“to flay, scrape”)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Gaulish *gulbiā, from Proto-Celtic *gulb- (whence also the further suffixed *gulbīnos (“beak, bill”); compare Middle Irish gulba (“beak, jaw”), Welsh gylfin (“beak”)), probably of non-Indo-European origin, and not related to Proto-Indo-European *gelbʰ- (“to flay, scrape”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gulbiae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbiae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbiae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbiārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbiae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbiīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbiam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbiās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbiā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbiīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbiae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gubia",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gulbia<1>"
},
"expansion": "gulbia f (genitive gulbiae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gulbia<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Late Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "la:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"piercer, chisel"
],
"id": "en-gulbia-la-noun-b2X76vm~",
"links": [
[
"piercer",
"piercer"
],
[
"chisel",
"chisel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Late Latin) piercer, chisel"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "caelum"
}
],
"tags": [
"Late-Latin",
"declension-1",
"feminine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡul.bi.a/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡʊɫ̪biä]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡul.bi.a/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡulbiä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "gulbia"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "gubia"
},
"expansion": "Galician: gubia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: gubia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "gorbia"
},
"expansion": "Italian: gorbia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: gorbia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "gouge"
},
"expansion": "Old French: gouge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: gouge"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gouge"
},
"expansion": "English: gouge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: gouge"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "gouge"
},
"expansion": "French: gouge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: gouge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "gubia"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: gubia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: gubia"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cel-gau",
"3": "*gulbiā"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish *gulbiā",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*gulb-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *gulb-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "gulba",
"3": "",
"4": "beak, jaw"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish gulba (“beak, jaw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "gylfin",
"3": "",
"4": "beak"
},
"expansion": "Welsh gylfin (“beak”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gelbʰ-",
"3": "",
"4": "to flay, scrape"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gelbʰ- (“to flay, scrape”)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Gaulish *gulbiā, from Proto-Celtic *gulb- (whence also the further suffixed *gulbīnos (“beak, bill”); compare Middle Irish gulba (“beak, jaw”), Welsh gylfin (“beak”)), probably of non-Indo-European origin, and not related to Proto-Indo-European *gelbʰ- (“to flay, scrape”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gulbiae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbiae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbiae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbiārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbiae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbiīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbiam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbiās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbiā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbiīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gulbiae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gubia",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gulbia<1>"
},
"expansion": "gulbia f (genitive gulbiae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gulbia<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Late Latin",
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms borrowed from Gaulish",
"Latin terms derived from Gaulish",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Tools"
],
"glosses": [
"piercer, chisel"
],
"links": [
[
"piercer",
"piercer"
],
[
"chisel",
"chisel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Late Latin) piercer, chisel"
],
"tags": [
"Late-Latin",
"declension-1",
"feminine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡul.bi.a/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡʊɫ̪biä]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡul.bi.a/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡulbiä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "caelum"
}
],
"word": "gulbia"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gulbia meaning in All languages combined (4.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (4eaa824 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.