See growan on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "kw",
"3": "growan",
"t": "gravel"
},
"expansion": "Cornish growan (“gravel”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Cornish growan (“gravel”).\nCompare Armorican grouan (“gravel”), Cornish grow (“gravel, sand”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "growans",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "growan (countable and uncountable, plural growans)",
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{
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"Society",
"Social sciences",
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"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A decomposed granite, forming a mass of gravel, as in tin lodes in Cornwall."
],
"id": "en-growan-en-noun-3-n4oJYS",
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"decompose",
"decompose"
],
[
"granite",
"granite"
],
[
"mass",
"mass"
],
[
"gravel",
"gravel"
],
[
"tin",
"tin"
],
[
"lode",
"lode"
],
[
"Cornwall",
"Cornwall"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, mining) A decomposed granite, forming a mass of gravel, as in tin lodes in Cornwall."
],
"tags": [
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"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
}
],
"word": "growan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "growan",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: growan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: growan"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "grow",
"3": "an",
"t1": "gravel"
},
"expansion": "grow (“gravel”) + -an",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From grow (“gravel”) + -an.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "growenyow",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "growan",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"unmutated"
]
},
{
"form": "rowan",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "krowan",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
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{
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"3": "plural",
"4": "growenyow",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"g": "m",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "growan m (plural growenyow)",
"name": "head"
},
{
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"2": "growenyow"
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"expansion": "growan m (plural growenyow)",
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"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "noun",
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{
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{
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w"
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{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "kw",
"name": "Rocks",
"orig": "kw:Rocks",
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"Sciences",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-growan-kw-noun-rH2vKP1r",
"links": [
[
"granite",
"granite#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "growan"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*grōan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *grōan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grōaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to grow, become green"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grōaną (“to grow, become green”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰreh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "to grow, grow green"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow, grow green”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "grōwa",
"3": "",
"4": "to grow"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian grōwa (“to grow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "groeyen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch groeyen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "groeien"
},
"expansion": "Dutch groeien",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gruoen",
"3": "",
"4": "to grow, thrive, flourish"
},
"expansion": "Old High German gruoen (“to grow, thrive, flourish”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gróa",
"3": "grōa",
"4": "to grow, become green"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse grōa (“to grow, become green”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "græs",
"3": "",
"4": "grass"
},
"expansion": "Old English græs (“grass”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "grēne",
"3": "",
"4": "green"
},
"expansion": "Old English grēne (“green”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *grōan, from Proto-Germanic *grōaną (“to grow, become green”), Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow, grow green”). Cognate with Old Frisian grōwa (“to grow”), Middle Dutch groeyen, grōyen (“to grow”) (Dutch groeien), Old High German gruoen (“to grow, thrive, flourish”), Old Norse grōa (“to grow, become green”), Old English græs (“grass”), Old English grēne (“green”). More at grass, green.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grōwan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "7",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "grōwan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grōwenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grōwe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grēow",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grēwst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grēowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grēwþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grēow",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grōwaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grēowon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grōwe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grēowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grōwen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grēowen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grōw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grōwaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grōwende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grōwen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġegrōwen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grōwan"
},
"expansion": "grōwan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grōwan<s7>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "forgrōwan"
},
{
"sense": "Middle English: growen",
"tags": [
"English"
],
"word": "grow"
},
{
"sense": "Middle English: growen; Scots",
"word": "grow"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "This island is rich in fruits and trees of various kinds; and it is suitable for the pasture of sheep and cattle; and in some places vineyards grow.",
"text": "late 9th century, translation of Bede's Ecclesiastical History\nHit is weliġ þis ēalond on wæstmum ⁊ on trēowum misenlīcra cynna; ⁊ hit is ġesċræpe on lǣwe sċēapa ⁊ nēata; ⁊ on sumum stōwum wīnġeardas grōwaþ.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grow"
],
"id": "en-growan-ang-verb-Qwswp5iE",
"links": [
[
"grow",
"grow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of plants) to grow"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of plants"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡroː.wɑn/"
}
],
"word": "growan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "growan",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: growan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: growan"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "grow",
"3": "an",
"t1": "gravel"
},
"expansion": "grow (“gravel”) + -an",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From grow (“gravel”) + -an.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "growenyow",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "growan",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"unmutated"
]
},
{
"form": "rowan",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "krowan",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "growenyow",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"g": "m",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "growan m (plural growenyow)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "growenyow"
},
"expansion": "growan m (plural growenyow)",
"name": "kw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"Cornish lemmas",
"Cornish masculine nouns",
"Cornish nouns",
"Cornish terms suffixed with -an",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"kw:Rocks"
],
"glosses": [
"granite"
],
"links": [
[
"granite",
"granite#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "growan"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "kw",
"3": "growan",
"t": "gravel"
},
"expansion": "Cornish growan (“gravel”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Cornish growan (“gravel”).\nCompare Armorican grouan (“gravel”), Cornish grow (“gravel, sand”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "growans",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "growan (countable and uncountable, plural growans)",
"name": "en-noun"
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Cornish",
"English terms derived from Cornish",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"en:Mining"
],
"glosses": [
"A decomposed granite, forming a mass of gravel, as in tin lodes in Cornwall."
],
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"decompose",
"decompose"
],
[
"granite",
"granite"
],
[
"mass",
"mass"
],
[
"gravel",
"gravel"
],
[
"tin",
"tin"
],
[
"lode",
"lode"
],
[
"Cornwall",
"Cornwall"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, mining) A decomposed granite, forming a mass of gravel, as in tin lodes in Cornwall."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
}
],
"word": "growan"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "forgrōwan"
},
{
"sense": "Middle English: growen",
"tags": [
"English"
],
"word": "grow"
},
{
"sense": "Middle English: growen; Scots",
"word": "grow"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*grōan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *grōan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grōaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to grow, become green"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grōaną (“to grow, become green”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰreh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "to grow, grow green"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow, grow green”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "grōwa",
"3": "",
"4": "to grow"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian grōwa (“to grow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "groeyen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch groeyen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "groeien"
},
"expansion": "Dutch groeien",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gruoen",
"3": "",
"4": "to grow, thrive, flourish"
},
"expansion": "Old High German gruoen (“to grow, thrive, flourish”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gróa",
"3": "grōa",
"4": "to grow, become green"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse grōa (“to grow, become green”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "græs",
"3": "",
"4": "grass"
},
"expansion": "Old English græs (“grass”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "grēne",
"3": "",
"4": "green"
},
"expansion": "Old English grēne (“green”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *grōan, from Proto-Germanic *grōaną (“to grow, become green”), Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow, grow green”). Cognate with Old Frisian grōwa (“to grow”), Middle Dutch groeyen, grōyen (“to grow”) (Dutch groeien), Old High German gruoen (“to grow, thrive, flourish”), Old Norse grōa (“to grow, become green”), Old English græs (“grass”), Old English grēne (“green”). More at grass, green.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grōwan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "7",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "grōwan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grōwenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grōwe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grēow",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grēwst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grēowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grēwþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grēow",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grōwaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grēowon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grōwe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grēowe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grōwen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grēowen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grōw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grōwaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grōwende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grōwen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġegrōwen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grōwan"
},
"expansion": "grōwan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grōwan<s7>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch links with redundant target parameters",
"Old English class 7 strong verbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with quotations",
"Old English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "This island is rich in fruits and trees of various kinds; and it is suitable for the pasture of sheep and cattle; and in some places vineyards grow.",
"text": "late 9th century, translation of Bede's Ecclesiastical History\nHit is weliġ þis ēalond on wæstmum ⁊ on trēowum misenlīcra cynna; ⁊ hit is ġesċræpe on lǣwe sċēapa ⁊ nēata; ⁊ on sumum stōwum wīnġeardas grōwaþ.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grow"
],
"links": [
[
"grow",
"grow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of plants) to grow"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of plants"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡroː.wɑn/"
}
],
"word": "growan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for growan meaning in All languages combined (7.9kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: growan/Cornish 'aspirate' base_tags={'unmutated', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"growan"
],
"section": "Cornish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "growan",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: growan/Cornish 'hard' base_tags={'unmutated', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"growan"
],
"section": "Cornish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "growan",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.