"gnawen" meaning in All languages combined

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "gnaw",
            "3": "knaw"
          },
          "expansion": "English: gnaw, knaw",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: gnaw, knaw"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "gnaw",
            "3": "knaw"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: gnaw, knaw",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: gnaw, knaw"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yol",
            "2": "gnafeen",
            "qq": "ppl."
          },
          "expansion": "Yola: gnafeen (ppl.)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "<gnaȝen"
          },
          "expansion": "(<gnaȝen)",
          "name": "gl"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yola: gnafeen (ppl.) (<gnaȝen)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "gnagan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English gnagan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*gnagan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gnagan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*gnaganą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gnaganą",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English gnagan, from Proto-West Germanic *gnagan, Proto-Germanic *gnaganą.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gnaweth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawynge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnew",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnowen",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-st",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "6/7",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to gnawen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnow",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnogh",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnew",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnowe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnewe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnow",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnogh",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnew",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnaweth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnow",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnogh",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnew",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnowe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnewe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnowen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnowe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnewen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnewe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnaweth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ygnawe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "gnawen",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gnaweth",
        "2": "gnawynge",
        "3": "gnew",
        "4": "gnowen"
      },
      "expansion": "gnawen (third-person singular simple present gnaweth, present participle gnawynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative gnew, past participle gnowen)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gnaw",
        "2": "gnow",
        "2a": "gnogh",
        "2a2": "gnew",
        "3a": "gnew",
        "c": "6",
        "c2": "7",
        "y": "p2"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "gnawynge"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 6 7 14 11 8 11 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 5 7 13 10 9 9 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 7 7 20 15 7 18 9",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Talking",
          "orig": "enm:Talking",
          "parents": [
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "Human",
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To gnaw; to persistently bite or chew."
      ],
      "id": "en-gnawen-enm-verb-cjQ5P7jw",
      "links": [
        [
          "gnaw",
          "gnaw"
        ],
        [
          "persistently",
          "persistently"
        ],
        [
          "bite",
          "bite"
        ],
        [
          "chew",
          "chew"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To eat or eliminate through gnawing."
      ],
      "id": "en-gnawen-enm-verb-Du56QShq",
      "links": [
        [
          "eat",
          "eat"
        ],
        [
          "eliminate",
          "eliminate"
        ],
        [
          "gnaw",
          "gnaw"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To impale or wound; to pierce the skin."
      ],
      "id": "en-gnawen-enm-verb-tCQxIZ2y",
      "links": [
        [
          "impale",
          "impale"
        ],
        [
          "pierce",
          "pierce"
        ],
        [
          "skin",
          "skin"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 8 2 30 21 7 26 3",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Disease",
          "orig": "enm:Disease",
          "parents": [
            "Health",
            "Pathology",
            "Body",
            "Medicine",
            "Human",
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 7 7 20 15 7 18 9",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Talking",
          "orig": "enm:Talking",
          "parents": [
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "Human",
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To wear; to cause corrosion or wastage."
      ],
      "id": "en-gnawen-enm-verb-WcidlT9I",
      "links": [
        [
          "wear",
          "wear"
        ],
        [
          "corrosion",
          "corrosion"
        ],
        [
          "wastage",
          "wastage"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 8 2 30 21 7 26 3",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Disease",
          "orig": "enm:Disease",
          "parents": [
            "Health",
            "Pathology",
            "Body",
            "Medicine",
            "Human",
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 7 7 20 15 7 18 9",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Talking",
          "orig": "enm:Talking",
          "parents": [
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "Human",
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To anguish or worry; to cause concern."
      ],
      "id": "en-gnawen-enm-verb-LynXOm8H",
      "links": [
        [
          "anguish",
          "anguish"
        ],
        [
          "worry",
          "worry"
        ],
        [
          "concern",
          "concern"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) To anguish or worry; to cause concern."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To mock, insult or slight; to speak negatively of."
      ],
      "id": "en-gnawen-enm-verb-2y5biAkW",
      "links": [
        [
          "mock",
          "mock"
        ],
        [
          "insult",
          "insult"
        ],
        [
          "slight",
          "slight"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) To mock, insult or slight; to speak negatively of."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 8 2 30 21 7 26 3",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Disease",
          "orig": "enm:Disease",
          "parents": [
            "Health",
            "Pathology",
            "Body",
            "Medicine",
            "Human",
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 7 7 20 15 7 18 9",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Talking",
          "orig": "enm:Talking",
          "parents": [
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "Human",
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To feel anguish, worry, or concern."
      ],
      "id": "en-gnawen-enm-verb-z5iwcBmm",
      "links": [
        [
          "feel",
          "feel"
        ],
        [
          "anguish",
          "anguish"
        ],
        [
          "worry",
          "worry"
        ],
        [
          "concern",
          "concern"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) To feel anguish, worry, or concern."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To ruin or ravage."
      ],
      "id": "en-gnawen-enm-verb-mAML53gG",
      "links": [
        [
          "ruin",
          "ruin"
        ],
        [
          "ravage",
          "ravage"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) To ruin or ravage."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡnau̯ən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈknau̯ən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "gnaȝen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "gnauen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "gnauyn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "gnawe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "gnawyn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "knauyn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "knawen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "knawyn"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gnawen"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English class 6 strong verbs",
    "Middle English class 7 strong verbs",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "enm:Disease",
    "enm:Talking"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "gnaw",
            "3": "knaw"
          },
          "expansion": "English: gnaw, knaw",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: gnaw, knaw"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "gnaw",
            "3": "knaw"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: gnaw, knaw",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: gnaw, knaw"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yol",
            "2": "gnafeen",
            "qq": "ppl."
          },
          "expansion": "Yola: gnafeen (ppl.)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "<gnaȝen"
          },
          "expansion": "(<gnaȝen)",
          "name": "gl"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yola: gnafeen (ppl.) (<gnaȝen)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "gnagan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English gnagan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*gnagan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gnagan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*gnaganą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gnaganą",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English gnagan, from Proto-West Germanic *gnagan, Proto-Germanic *gnaganą.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gnaweth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawynge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnew",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnowen",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-st",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "6/7",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to gnawen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnow",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnogh",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnew",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnowe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnewe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnow",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnogh",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnew",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnaweth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnow",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnogh",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnew",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnowe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnewe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnowen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnowe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnewen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnewe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnaweth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnawe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ygnawe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "gnawen",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gnaweth",
        "2": "gnawynge",
        "3": "gnew",
        "4": "gnowen"
      },
      "expansion": "gnawen (third-person singular simple present gnaweth, present participle gnawynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative gnew, past participle gnowen)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gnaw",
        "2": "gnow",
        "2a": "gnogh",
        "2a2": "gnew",
        "3a": "gnew",
        "c": "6",
        "c2": "7",
        "y": "p2"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "gnawynge"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To gnaw; to persistently bite or chew."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gnaw",
          "gnaw"
        ],
        [
          "persistently",
          "persistently"
        ],
        [
          "bite",
          "bite"
        ],
        [
          "chew",
          "chew"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To eat or eliminate through gnawing."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "eat",
          "eat"
        ],
        [
          "eliminate",
          "eliminate"
        ],
        [
          "gnaw",
          "gnaw"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To impale or wound; to pierce the skin."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "impale",
          "impale"
        ],
        [
          "pierce",
          "pierce"
        ],
        [
          "skin",
          "skin"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To wear; to cause corrosion or wastage."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wear",
          "wear"
        ],
        [
          "corrosion",
          "corrosion"
        ],
        [
          "wastage",
          "wastage"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To anguish or worry; to cause concern."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anguish",
          "anguish"
        ],
        [
          "worry",
          "worry"
        ],
        [
          "concern",
          "concern"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) To anguish or worry; to cause concern."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To mock, insult or slight; to speak negatively of."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mock",
          "mock"
        ],
        [
          "insult",
          "insult"
        ],
        [
          "slight",
          "slight"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) To mock, insult or slight; to speak negatively of."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To feel anguish, worry, or concern."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "feel",
          "feel"
        ],
        [
          "anguish",
          "anguish"
        ],
        [
          "worry",
          "worry"
        ],
        [
          "concern",
          "concern"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) To feel anguish, worry, or concern."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To ruin or ravage."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ruin",
          "ruin"
        ],
        [
          "ravage",
          "ravage"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) To ruin or ravage."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡnau̯ən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈknau̯ən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "gnaȝen"
    },
    {
      "word": "gnauen"
    },
    {
      "word": "gnauyn"
    },
    {
      "word": "gnawe"
    },
    {
      "word": "gnawyn"
    },
    {
      "word": "knauyn"
    },
    {
      "word": "knawen"
    },
    {
      "word": "knawyn"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gnawen"
}