See gismu on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "jbo",
"3": "gismu"
},
"expansion": "Lojban gismu",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Lojban gismu.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gismu",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gismu"
},
"expansion": "gismu (plural gismu)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w"
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{
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{
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"source": "w"
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1997, John W. Cowan, The Complete Lojban Language, →ISBN:",
"text": "When two gismu are adjacent, the first one modifies the second, and the selbri takes its place structure from the rightmost word.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Brian D. Eubanks, Wicked Cool Java:",
"text": "There are over 1,300 root gismu in the Lojban vocabulary, and these structures form a very interesting ontology of their own.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Robin Turner, Nick Nicholas, Lojban for Beginners:",
"text": "The main type of word used as a selbri is a gismu, or root-word.\nEach gismu is exactly five letters long, and has one of two consonant-vowel patterns:CVCCV or CCVCV (e.g. rafsi or bridi). The gismu are built so as to minimize listening errors in a noisy environment. A gismu has at least two combining forms, known as rafsi. One is the gismu itself; one is the gismu with the final vowel deleted. Certain gismu have additional, shorter rafsi assigned. Up to three of these shorter rafsi may be assigned to a gismu, depending on frequency of usage of the gismu in building complex concepts and on availability of these shorter rafsi. Short rafsi use only certain combinations of letters from the gismu, and are of the forms CCV, CVC, CVV or CV'V.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A brivla that is a basic Lojban root, rather than being derived through compounding or borrowing."
],
"id": "en-gismu-en-noun-2E0Rt~ju",
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"brivla",
"brivla"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Lojban grammar) A brivla that is a basic Lojban root, rather than being derived through compounding or borrowing."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "rafsi"
}
],
"tags": [
"Lojban"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lojban grammar"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡiːs.muː/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-gismu.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-gismu.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-gismu.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-iːsmuː"
}
],
"word": "gismu"
}
{
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"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "jbo",
"3": "gismu"
},
"expansion": "Lojban gismu",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Lojban gismu.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gismu",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gismu"
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"expansion": "gismu (plural gismu)",
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"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Rhymes:English/iːsmuː",
"Rhymes:English/iːsmuː/2 syllables",
"en:Grammar"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1997, John W. Cowan, The Complete Lojban Language, →ISBN:",
"text": "When two gismu are adjacent, the first one modifies the second, and the selbri takes its place structure from the rightmost word.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Brian D. Eubanks, Wicked Cool Java:",
"text": "There are over 1,300 root gismu in the Lojban vocabulary, and these structures form a very interesting ontology of their own.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Robin Turner, Nick Nicholas, Lojban for Beginners:",
"text": "The main type of word used as a selbri is a gismu, or root-word.\nEach gismu is exactly five letters long, and has one of two consonant-vowel patterns:CVCCV or CCVCV (e.g. rafsi or bridi). The gismu are built so as to minimize listening errors in a noisy environment. A gismu has at least two combining forms, known as rafsi. One is the gismu itself; one is the gismu with the final vowel deleted. Certain gismu have additional, shorter rafsi assigned. Up to three of these shorter rafsi may be assigned to a gismu, depending on frequency of usage of the gismu in building complex concepts and on availability of these shorter rafsi. Short rafsi use only certain combinations of letters from the gismu, and are of the forms CCV, CVC, CVV or CV'V.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A brivla that is a basic Lojban root, rather than being derived through compounding or borrowing."
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"brivla",
"brivla"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Lojban grammar) A brivla that is a basic Lojban root, rather than being derived through compounding or borrowing."
],
"tags": [
"Lojban"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lojban grammar"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡiːs.muː/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-gismu.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-gismu.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-gismu.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-gismu.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-gismu.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːsmuː"
}
],
"word": "gismu"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gismu meaning in All languages combined (3.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.