"fumus" meaning in All languages combined

See fumus on Wiktionary

Verb [Esperanto]

Audio: LL-Q143 (epo)-Lepticed7-fumus.wav
Head templates: {{eo-head}} fumus
  1. conditional of fumi Tags: conditional, form-of Form of: fumi
    Sense id: en-fumus-eo-verb-MIc2oscj Categories (other): Esperanto entries with incorrect language header

Verb [Ido]

Head templates: {{head|io|verb form}} fumus
  1. conditional of fumar Tags: conditional, form-of Form of: fumar
    Sense id: en-fumus-io-verb-BIhHv7aE Categories (other): Ido entries with incorrect language header

Noun [Latin]

IPA: /ˈfuː.mus/ [Classical], [ˈfuːmʊs̠] [Classical], /ˈfu.mus/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈfuːmus] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Proto-Italic *fūmos, from earlier *θūmos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”). Cognates include Ancient Greek θῡμός (thūmós), Sanskrit धूम (dhūmá) and Old Church Slavonic дꙑмъ (dymŭ), English dust. Etymology templates: {{root|la|ine-pro|*dʰewh₂-}}, {{der|la|itc-pro|*fūmos}} Proto-Italic *fūmos, {{der|la|ine-pro|*dʰuh₂mós||smoke}} Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”), {{cog|grc|θῡμός}} Ancient Greek θῡμός (thūmós), {{cog|sa|धूम|tr=dhūmá}} Sanskrit धूम (dhūmá), {{cog|cu|дꙑмъ}} Old Church Slavonic дꙑмъ (dymŭ), {{cog|en|dust}} English dust Head templates: {{la-noun|fūmus<2>}} fūmus m (genitive fūmī); second declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|fūmus<2>}} Forms: fūmus [canonical, masculine], fūmī [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], fūmus [nominative, singular], fūmī [nominative, plural], fūmī [genitive, singular], fūmōrum [genitive, plural], fūmō [dative, singular], fūmīs [dative, plural], fūmum [accusative, singular], fūmōs [accusative, plural], fūmō [ablative, singular], fūmīs [ablative, plural], fūme [singular, vocative], fūmī [plural, vocative]
  1. smoke, steam, fume Tags: declension-2 Categories (topical): Combustion
    Sense id: en-fumus-la-noun-ok6neEq8 Disambiguation of Combustion: 89 11 Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin masculine nouns in the second declension Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 56 44 Disambiguation of Latin masculine nouns in the second declension: 60 40
  2. indication, sign Tags: declension-2
    Sense id: en-fumus-la-noun-18rE762-
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: fūmeus, fūmidus, fūmifer, fūmificus, fūmigō, fūmārium, fūmō, fūmōsus Related terms: fūmōs vēndō, fūmum vēndō

Download JSON data for fumus meaning in All languages combined (9.0kB)

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "fumus",
      "name": "eo-head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Esperanto",
  "lang_code": "eo",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "fumi"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "conditional of fumi"
      ],
      "id": "en-fumus-eo-verb-MIc2oscj",
      "links": [
        [
          "fumi",
          "fumi#Esperanto"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "form-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q143 (epo)-Lepticed7-fumus.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/LL-Q143_%28epo%29-Lepticed7-fumus.wav/LL-Q143_%28epo%29-Lepticed7-fumus.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/LL-Q143_%28epo%29-Lepticed7-fumus.wav/LL-Q143_%28epo%29-Lepticed7-fumus.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fumus"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "io",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "fumus",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ido",
  "lang_code": "io",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ido entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "fumar"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "conditional of fumar"
      ],
      "id": "en-fumus-io-verb-BIhHv7aE",
      "links": [
        [
          "fumar",
          "fumar#Ido"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "form-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "fumus"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "fūmeus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "fūmidus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "fūmifer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "fūmificus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "fūmigō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "fūmārium"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "fūmō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "fūmōsus"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rup",
            "2": "fum"
          },
          "expansion": "Aromanian: fum",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Aromanian: fum"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ast",
            "2": "fumu"
          },
          "expansion": "Asturian: fumu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Asturian: fumu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "fum"
          },
          "expansion": "Catalan: fum",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Catalan: fum"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "fume"
          },
          "expansion": "English: fume",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: fume"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "fumée"
          },
          "expansion": "French: fumée",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: fumée"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fur",
            "2": "fum"
          },
          "expansion": "Friulian: fum",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Friulian: fum"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gl",
            "2": "fume"
          },
          "expansion": "Galician: fume",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Galician: fume"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pov",
            "2": "fumu"
          },
          "expansion": "Guinea-Bissau Creole: fumu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Guinea-Bissau Creole: fumu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ist",
            "2": "fòumo"
          },
          "expansion": "Istriot: fòumo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Istriot: fòumo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "fumo"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: fumo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: fumo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oc",
            "2": "fum",
            "3": "hum"
          },
          "expansion": "Occitan: fum, hum",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Occitan: fum, hum"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "fum"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French: fum",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old French: fum"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pap",
            "2": "huma"
          },
          "expansion": "Papiamentu: huma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Papiamentu: huma"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "fumo"
          },
          "expansion": "Portuguese: fumo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Portuguese: fumo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kea",
            "2": "fumu"
          },
          "expansion": "Kabuverdianu: fumu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kabuverdianu: fumu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "fum"
          },
          "expansion": "Romanian: fum",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romanian: fum"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rm",
            "2": "fim"
          },
          "expansion": "Romansch: fim",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romansch: fim"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sc",
            "2": "fummu",
            "3": "fumu"
          },
          "expansion": "Sardinian: fummu, fumu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sardinian: fummu, fumu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "scn",
            "2": "fumu"
          },
          "expansion": "Sicilian: fumu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sicilian: fumu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "humo",
            "3": "fumo"
          },
          "expansion": "Spanish: humo, fumo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Spanish: humo, fumo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "VL.",
            "2": "*affumāre"
          },
          "expansion": "Vulgar Latin: *affumāre",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Vulgar Latin: *affumāre (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰewh₂-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*fūmos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *fūmos",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰuh₂mós",
        "4": "",
        "5": "smoke"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "θῡμός"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek θῡμός (thūmós)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "धूम",
        "tr": "dhūmá"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit धूम (dhūmá)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "дꙑмъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic дꙑмъ (dymŭ)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "dust"
      },
      "expansion": "English dust",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *fūmos, from earlier *θūmos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”). Cognates include Ancient Greek θῡμός (thūmós), Sanskrit धूम (dhūmá) and Old Church Slavonic дꙑмъ (dymŭ), English dust.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "fūmus",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fūmus<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "fūmus m (genitive fūmī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fūmus<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "fūmōs vēndō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "fūmum vēndō"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "56 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "60 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "89 11",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Combustion",
          "orig": "la:Combustion",
          "parents": [
            "Chemical processes",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "“‘Here, where piles [of masonry] have been scattered, and stones torn from stone, and you see billowing smoke mixed with dust, ….’”\n(The destruction of Troy.)",
          "ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 2.608–609",
          "roman": "saxa vidēs mixtōque undantem pulvere fūmum, ….’”",
          "text": "“‘Hīc, ubi disiectās mōlēs āvolsaque saxīs"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "smoke, steam, fume"
      ],
      "id": "en-fumus-la-noun-ok6neEq8",
      "links": [
        [
          "smoke",
          "smoke"
        ],
        [
          "steam",
          "steam"
        ],
        [
          "fume",
          "fume"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "sign of good law",
          "text": "fūmus bonī iūris",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indication, sign"
      ],
      "id": "en-fumus-la-noun-18rE762-",
      "links": [
        [
          "indication",
          "indication"
        ],
        [
          "sign",
          "sign"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfuː.mus/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfuːmʊs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfu.mus/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfuːmus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fumus"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "la:Combustion"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "fumus",
      "name": "eo-head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Esperanto",
  "lang_code": "eo",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
        "Esperanto non-lemma forms",
        "Esperanto terms with audio links",
        "Esperanto verb forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "fumi"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "conditional of fumi"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fumi",
          "fumi#Esperanto"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "form-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q143 (epo)-Lepticed7-fumus.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/LL-Q143_%28epo%29-Lepticed7-fumus.wav/LL-Q143_%28epo%29-Lepticed7-fumus.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/LL-Q143_%28epo%29-Lepticed7-fumus.wav/LL-Q143_%28epo%29-Lepticed7-fumus.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fumus"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "la:Combustion"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "io",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "fumus",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ido",
  "lang_code": "io",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Ido entries with incorrect language header",
        "Ido non-lemma forms",
        "Ido verb forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "fumar"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "conditional of fumar"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fumar",
          "fumar#Ido"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "form-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "fumus"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin masculine nouns",
    "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin second declension nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewh₂-",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "la:Combustion"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "fūmeus"
    },
    {
      "word": "fūmidus"
    },
    {
      "word": "fūmifer"
    },
    {
      "word": "fūmificus"
    },
    {
      "word": "fūmigō"
    },
    {
      "word": "fūmārium"
    },
    {
      "word": "fūmō"
    },
    {
      "word": "fūmōsus"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rup",
            "2": "fum"
          },
          "expansion": "Aromanian: fum",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Aromanian: fum"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ast",
            "2": "fumu"
          },
          "expansion": "Asturian: fumu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Asturian: fumu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "fum"
          },
          "expansion": "Catalan: fum",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Catalan: fum"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "fume"
          },
          "expansion": "English: fume",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: fume"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "fumée"
          },
          "expansion": "French: fumée",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: fumée"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fur",
            "2": "fum"
          },
          "expansion": "Friulian: fum",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Friulian: fum"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gl",
            "2": "fume"
          },
          "expansion": "Galician: fume",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Galician: fume"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pov",
            "2": "fumu"
          },
          "expansion": "Guinea-Bissau Creole: fumu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Guinea-Bissau Creole: fumu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ist",
            "2": "fòumo"
          },
          "expansion": "Istriot: fòumo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Istriot: fòumo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "fumo"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: fumo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: fumo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oc",
            "2": "fum",
            "3": "hum"
          },
          "expansion": "Occitan: fum, hum",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Occitan: fum, hum"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "fum"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French: fum",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old French: fum"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pap",
            "2": "huma"
          },
          "expansion": "Papiamentu: huma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Papiamentu: huma"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "fumo"
          },
          "expansion": "Portuguese: fumo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Portuguese: fumo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kea",
            "2": "fumu"
          },
          "expansion": "Kabuverdianu: fumu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kabuverdianu: fumu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "fum"
          },
          "expansion": "Romanian: fum",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romanian: fum"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rm",
            "2": "fim"
          },
          "expansion": "Romansch: fim",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romansch: fim"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sc",
            "2": "fummu",
            "3": "fumu"
          },
          "expansion": "Sardinian: fummu, fumu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sardinian: fummu, fumu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "scn",
            "2": "fumu"
          },
          "expansion": "Sicilian: fumu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sicilian: fumu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "humo",
            "3": "fumo"
          },
          "expansion": "Spanish: humo, fumo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Spanish: humo, fumo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "VL.",
            "2": "*affumāre"
          },
          "expansion": "Vulgar Latin: *affumāre",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Vulgar Latin: *affumāre (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰewh₂-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*fūmos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *fūmos",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰuh₂mós",
        "4": "",
        "5": "smoke"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "θῡμός"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek θῡμός (thūmós)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "धूम",
        "tr": "dhūmá"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit धूम (dhūmá)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "дꙑмъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic дꙑмъ (dymŭ)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "dust"
      },
      "expansion": "English dust",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *fūmos, from earlier *θūmos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós (“smoke”). Cognates include Ancient Greek θῡμός (thūmós), Sanskrit धूम (dhūmá) and Old Church Slavonic дꙑмъ (dymŭ), English dust.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "fūmus",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fūmī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fūmus<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "fūmus m (genitive fūmī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fūmus<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "fūmōs vēndō"
    },
    {
      "word": "fūmum vēndō"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "“‘Here, where piles [of masonry] have been scattered, and stones torn from stone, and you see billowing smoke mixed with dust, ….’”\n(The destruction of Troy.)",
          "ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 2.608–609",
          "roman": "saxa vidēs mixtōque undantem pulvere fūmum, ….’”",
          "text": "“‘Hīc, ubi disiectās mōlēs āvolsaque saxīs"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "smoke, steam, fume"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "smoke",
          "smoke"
        ],
        [
          "steam",
          "steam"
        ],
        [
          "fume",
          "fume"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "sign of good law",
          "text": "fūmus bonī iūris",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indication, sign"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "indication",
          "indication"
        ],
        [
          "sign",
          "sign"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfuː.mus/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfuːmʊs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfu.mus/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfuːmus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fumus"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.