See fornal on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for fornal meaning in All languages combined (8.8kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "*fornau"
},
"expansion": "*fornau",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "fornax",
"4": "",
"5": "furnace"
},
"expansion": "Latin fornax (“furnace”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*furnale"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *furnale",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "furnus",
"3": "",
"4": "oven"
},
"expansion": "furnus (“oven”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Either from an earlier *fornau, from Latin fornax (“furnace”), or from Vulgar Latin *furnale, from furnus (“oven”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fornals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "fornal m (plural fornals)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ca",
"name": "Metallurgy",
"orig": "ca:Metallurgy",
"parents": [
"Metals",
"Technology",
"Matter",
"All topics",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forge, hearth"
],
"id": "en-fornal-ca-noun-iYUSwncz",
"links": [
[
"forge",
"forge"
],
[
"hearth",
"hearth"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "farga"
},
{
"word": "forja"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[furˈnal]",
"tags": [
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[forˈnal]",
"tags": [
"Balearic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[foɾˈnal]",
"tags": [
"Valencian"
]
}
],
"word": "fornal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "fornal",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish fornal",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "fornal"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish fornal",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "Vornagel"
},
"expansion": "German Vornagel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "",
"4": "*vorn-eil-er"
},
"expansion": "German *vorn-eil-er",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish fornal, further etymology uncertain. Per Brückner, from German Vornagel, favored by Sławski, rejected by Bańkowski, who instead derives it from hypothetical German *vorn-eil-er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fornal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "fornale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "fornal m pers",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"for‧nal"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "fornalów"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "pl:Agriculture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "71 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "pl:Male people",
"parents": [
"Male",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "pl:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"farmhand tending the horses"
],
"id": "en-fornal-pl-noun-l3o79gRB",
"links": [
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture"
],
[
"farmhand",
"farmhand"
],
[
"tend",
"tend"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(agriculture, historical) farmhand tending the horses"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rataj"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine",
"person"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔr.nal/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔrnal"
}
],
"word": "fornal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "fornal",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish fornal",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "fornal"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish fornal",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "Vornagel"
},
"expansion": "German Vornagel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "",
"4": "*vorn-eil-er"
},
"expansion": "German *vorn-eil-er",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish fornal, further etymology uncertain. Per Brückner, from German Vornagel, favored by Sławski, rejected by Bańkowski, who instead derives it from hypothetical German *vorn-eil-er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fornal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "fornale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "fornal m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"for‧nal"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "fornalski"
},
{
"word": "fornalka"
}
],
"glosses": [
"drawbar hitch"
],
"id": "en-fornal-pl-noun-jHm~wrcc",
"links": [
[
"drawbar",
"drawbar"
],
[
"hitch",
"hitch"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔr.nal/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔrnal"
}
],
"word": "fornal"
}
{
"categories": [
"pl:Male people",
"pl:Occupations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "*fornau"
},
"expansion": "*fornau",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "fornax",
"4": "",
"5": "furnace"
},
"expansion": "Latin fornax (“furnace”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*furnale"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *furnale",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "furnus",
"3": "",
"4": "oven"
},
"expansion": "furnus (“oven”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Either from an earlier *fornau, from Latin fornax (“furnace”), or from Vulgar Latin *furnale, from furnus (“oven”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fornals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "fornal m (plural fornals)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Catalan countable nouns",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan masculine nouns",
"Catalan nouns",
"Catalan nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Catalan terms derived from Latin",
"Catalan terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"ca:Metallurgy"
],
"glosses": [
"forge, hearth"
],
"links": [
[
"forge",
"forge"
],
[
"hearth",
"hearth"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "farga"
},
{
"word": "forja"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[furˈnal]",
"tags": [
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[forˈnal]",
"tags": [
"Balearic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[foɾˈnal]",
"tags": [
"Valencian"
]
}
],
"word": "fornal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish terms derived from German",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with unknown etymologies",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔrnal",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔrnal/2 syllables",
"pl:Male people",
"pl:Occupations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "fornal",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish fornal",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "fornal"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish fornal",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "Vornagel"
},
"expansion": "German Vornagel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "",
"4": "*vorn-eil-er"
},
"expansion": "German *vorn-eil-er",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish fornal, further etymology uncertain. Per Brückner, from German Vornagel, favored by Sławski, rejected by Bańkowski, who instead derives it from hypothetical German *vorn-eil-er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fornal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "fornale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "fornal m pers",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"for‧nal"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "fornalów"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with historical senses",
"pl:Agriculture"
],
"glosses": [
"farmhand tending the horses"
],
"links": [
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture"
],
[
"farmhand",
"farmhand"
],
[
"tend",
"tend"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(agriculture, historical) farmhand tending the horses"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rataj"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine",
"person"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔr.nal/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔrnal"
}
],
"word": "fornal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish terms derived from German",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with unknown etymologies",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔrnal",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔrnal/2 syllables",
"pl:Male people",
"pl:Occupations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "fornalski"
},
{
"word": "fornalka"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "fornal",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish fornal",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "fornal"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish fornal",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "Vornagel"
},
"expansion": "German Vornagel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "",
"4": "*vorn-eil-er"
},
"expansion": "German *vorn-eil-er",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish fornal, further etymology uncertain. Per Brückner, from German Vornagel, favored by Sławski, rejected by Bańkowski, who instead derives it from hypothetical German *vorn-eil-er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fornal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fornalu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "fornale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "fornal m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"for‧nal"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"drawbar hitch"
],
"links": [
[
"drawbar",
"drawbar"
],
[
"hitch",
"hitch"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔr.nal/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔrnal"
}
],
"word": "fornal"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (8203a16 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.