See foray on Wiktionary
{
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"2": "enm",
"3": "forrayen",
"t": "to pillage"
},
"expansion": "Middle English forrayen (“to pillage”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "forrier"
},
"expansion": "Old French forrier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*fōdar",
"t": "fodder, sheath"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *fōdar (“fodder, sheath”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fōdrą",
"t": "fodder, feed, sheath"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fōdrą (“fodder, feed, sheath”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*patrom",
"t": "fodder"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *patrom (“fodder”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "fuotar"
},
"expansion": "Old High German fuotar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Futter",
"t": "fodder, feed"
},
"expansion": "German Futter (“fodder, feed”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "fōdor"
},
"expansion": "Old English fōdor",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "voeder",
"t": "forage, food, feed"
},
"expansion": "Dutch voeder (“forage, food, feed”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "foder",
"t": "fodder, feed"
},
"expansion": "Danish foder (“fodder, feed”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "fóður",
"t": "fodder, sheath"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic fóður (“fodder, sheath”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English forrayen (“to pillage”), a back-formation of forrayour, forreour, forrier (“raider, pillager”), from Old French forrier, fourrier, a derivative of fuerre (“provender, fodder, straw”), from Frankish *fōdar (“fodder, sheath”), from Proto-Germanic *fōdrą (“fodder, feed, sheath”), from Proto-Indo-European *patrom (“fodder”), *pat- (“to feed”), *pāy- (“to guard, graze, feed”).\nCognate with Old High German fuotar (German Futter (“fodder, feed”)), Old English fōdor, fōþer (“food, fodder, covering, case, basket”), Dutch voeder (“forage, food, feed”), Danish foder (“fodder, feed”), Icelandic fóður (“fodder, sheath”). More at fodder, food, forage.",
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{
"form": "forays",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
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"name": "en-noun"
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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"_dis": "33 26 6 19 16",
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"glosses": [
"A sudden or irregular incursion in border warfare; hence, any irregular incursion for war or spoils; a raid."
],
"id": "en-foray-en-noun-Z6jk-tn2",
"links": [
[
"sudden",
"sudden"
],
[
"irregular",
"irregular"
],
[
"incursion",
"incursion"
],
[
"border",
"border"
],
[
"warfare",
"warfare"
],
[
"raid",
"raid"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nabeg",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "набег"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "incursió"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "výpad"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nájezd"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "útok"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "onverwachte aanval"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "raid"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "põige"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "ryöstöretki"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "hyökkäys"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "incursion"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plötzlicher Überfall"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "überraschender Überfall"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "inkurso"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "incursione"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scorrazzata"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scorreria"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "irruzione"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "úpad",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "у́пад"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "kanohi kitea"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "tukinga"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "torohē"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "najazd"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "napad"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "wypad"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "incursão"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "investida"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "aposta"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "incursiune"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "raid"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nabég",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "набе́г"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "napadénije",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "нападе́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "incursión"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "plundringståg"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "räd"
}
]
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2011 September 27, Alistair Magowan, “Bayern Munich 2 - 0 Man City”, in BBC Sport:",
"text": "Bastian Schweinsteiger and Muller were among many who should have added the third, and City were limited to rare forays with the excellent Boateng pinching the ball off Aguero and Aleksandar Kolarov shooting wide in stoppage time.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A brief excursion or attempt, especially outside one's accustomed sphere."
],
"id": "en-foray-en-noun-pIH3xRm3",
"links": [
[
"excursion",
"excursion"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "brief excursion or attempt",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "průnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "brief excursion or attempt",
"word": "kõrvalepõige"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "brief excursion or attempt",
"word": "haak"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "brief excursion or attempt",
"word": "yritys"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "brief excursion or attempt",
"word": "kokeilu"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "brief excursion or attempt",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kurzer Ausfall"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "brief excursion or attempt",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Streifzug"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɒɹ.eɪ/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-foray.wav",
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},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔɹ.eɪ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɑɹ.eɪ/",
"tags": [
"New-York-City",
"Philadelphia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔɹ.æɪ/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɹeɪ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "forrey (15th century)"
}
],
"word": "foray"
}
{
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"2": "enm",
"3": "forrayen",
"t": "to pillage"
},
"expansion": "Middle English forrayen (“to pillage”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "forrier"
},
"expansion": "Old French forrier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*fōdar",
"t": "fodder, sheath"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *fōdar (“fodder, sheath”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fōdrą",
"t": "fodder, feed, sheath"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fōdrą (“fodder, feed, sheath”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*patrom",
"t": "fodder"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *patrom (“fodder”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "fuotar"
},
"expansion": "Old High German fuotar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Futter",
"t": "fodder, feed"
},
"expansion": "German Futter (“fodder, feed”)",
"name": "cog"
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{
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"2": "fōdor"
},
"expansion": "Old English fōdor",
"name": "cog"
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"2": "voeder",
"t": "forage, food, feed"
},
"expansion": "Dutch voeder (“forage, food, feed”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
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"2": "foder",
"t": "fodder, feed"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "fóður",
"t": "fodder, sheath"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic fóður (“fodder, sheath”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English forrayen (“to pillage”), a back-formation of forrayour, forreour, forrier (“raider, pillager”), from Old French forrier, fourrier, a derivative of fuerre (“provender, fodder, straw”), from Frankish *fōdar (“fodder, sheath”), from Proto-Germanic *fōdrą (“fodder, feed, sheath”), from Proto-Indo-European *patrom (“fodder”), *pat- (“to feed”), *pāy- (“to guard, graze, feed”).\nCognate with Old High German fuotar (German Futter (“fodder, feed”)), Old English fōdor, fōþer (“food, fodder, covering, case, basket”), Dutch voeder (“forage, food, feed”), Danish foder (“fodder, feed”), Icelandic fóður (“fodder, sheath”). More at fodder, food, forage.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "forays",
"tags": [
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"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "foraying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "forayed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "forayed",
"tags": [
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}
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
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{
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1837, William Hickling Prescott, History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella, the Catholic:",
"text": "The people of Granada resumed all at once their ancient activity, foraying into the Christian territories, surprising Alhendin and some other places of less importance, and stirring up the spirit of revolt in Guadix and other conquered cities.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To participate in a foray."
],
"id": "en-foray-en-verb-zhlZtjUe",
"links": [
[
"participate",
"participate"
]
]
},
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},
{
"_dis": "25 25 9 21 20",
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"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 30 6 19 18",
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"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 25 8 21 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 25 8 21 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 7 20 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 27 6 20 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 8 18 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 29 5 20 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 27 6 20 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 27 5 21 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2018, Abigail Rine Favale, Into the Deep:",
"text": "Over the summer, I'd been following the news cycle, foraying into online journalism, and I wrote a couple of pieces on male victims of sexual violence, who are often left to the margins or forgotten altogether in feminist accounts of rape culture.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To do or attempt something outside one's typical area of expertise."
],
"id": "en-foray-en-verb-x4wmN-sC",
"links": [
[
"attempt",
"attempt"
],
[
"expertise",
"expertise"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "19 49 33",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ograbvam",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "ограбвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 49 33",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pljačkosvam",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "плячкосвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 49 33",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "pillar"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 49 33",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vydrancovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 49 33",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "drancovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 49 33",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vyrabovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 49 33",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rabovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 49 33",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zpustošit"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 49 33",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pustošit"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 49 33",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "ryöstää"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 49 33",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "hävittää"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 49 33",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "fourrager"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 49 33",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "scorrazzare"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 49 33",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "irrompere"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 49 33",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "razziare"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 49 33",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "pāhua"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 49 33",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "pāhuahua"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 49 33",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "tunutunu makai"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 49 33",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "tunutunu mākaikai"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 32 5 23 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 9 21 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 30 6 19 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 25 8 21 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 25 8 21 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 7 20 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 27 6 20 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 8 18 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 29 5 20 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 27 6 20 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 27 5 21 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1590, Edward Spenser, The Faerie Queene:",
"text": "He bad to open wyde his brazen gate,\n Which long time had bene shut, and out of hond\n Proclaymed joy and peace through all his state;\n For dead now was their foe which them forrayed late.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1857, Charlotte Mary Yonge, Cameos from English History, from Rollo to Edward II:",
"text": "Bruce forayed Cumberland, and threatened Berwick, so that the poor Countess of Buchan was removed from thence to a more secure place of captivity.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To scour an area for goods as part of a foray."
],
"id": "en-foray-en-verb-plS99RIq",
"links": [
[
"scour",
"scour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To scour an area for goods as part of a foray."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɒɹ.eɪ/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-foray.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-foray.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-foray.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔɹ.eɪ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɑɹ.eɪ/",
"tags": [
"New-York-City",
"Philadelphia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔɹ.æɪ/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɹeɪ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "forrey (15th century)"
}
],
"word": "foray"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɹeɪ",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɹeɪ/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "forrayen",
"t": "to pillage"
},
"expansion": "Middle English forrayen (“to pillage”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "forrier"
},
"expansion": "Old French forrier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*fōdar",
"t": "fodder, sheath"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *fōdar (“fodder, sheath”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fōdrą",
"t": "fodder, feed, sheath"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fōdrą (“fodder, feed, sheath”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*patrom",
"t": "fodder"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *patrom (“fodder”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "fuotar"
},
"expansion": "Old High German fuotar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Futter",
"t": "fodder, feed"
},
"expansion": "German Futter (“fodder, feed”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "fōdor"
},
"expansion": "Old English fōdor",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "voeder",
"t": "forage, food, feed"
},
"expansion": "Dutch voeder (“forage, food, feed”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "foder",
"t": "fodder, feed"
},
"expansion": "Danish foder (“fodder, feed”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "fóður",
"t": "fodder, sheath"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic fóður (“fodder, sheath”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English forrayen (“to pillage”), a back-formation of forrayour, forreour, forrier (“raider, pillager”), from Old French forrier, fourrier, a derivative of fuerre (“provender, fodder, straw”), from Frankish *fōdar (“fodder, sheath”), from Proto-Germanic *fōdrą (“fodder, feed, sheath”), from Proto-Indo-European *patrom (“fodder”), *pat- (“to feed”), *pāy- (“to guard, graze, feed”).\nCognate with Old High German fuotar (German Futter (“fodder, feed”)), Old English fōdor, fōþer (“food, fodder, covering, case, basket”), Dutch voeder (“forage, food, feed”), Danish foder (“fodder, feed”), Icelandic fóður (“fodder, sheath”). More at fodder, food, forage.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "forays",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "foray (plural forays)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A sudden or irregular incursion in border warfare; hence, any irregular incursion for war or spoils; a raid."
],
"links": [
[
"sudden",
"sudden"
],
[
"irregular",
"irregular"
],
[
"incursion",
"incursion"
],
[
"border",
"border"
],
[
"warfare",
"warfare"
],
[
"raid",
"raid"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2011 September 27, Alistair Magowan, “Bayern Munich 2 - 0 Man City”, in BBC Sport:",
"text": "Bastian Schweinsteiger and Muller were among many who should have added the third, and City were limited to rare forays with the excellent Boateng pinching the ball off Aguero and Aleksandar Kolarov shooting wide in stoppage time.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A brief excursion or attempt, especially outside one's accustomed sphere."
],
"links": [
[
"excursion",
"excursion"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɒɹ.eɪ/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-foray.wav",
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},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔɹ.eɪ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɑɹ.eɪ/",
"tags": [
"New-York-City",
"Philadelphia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔɹ.æɪ/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɹeɪ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "forrey (15th century)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nabeg",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "набег"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "incursió"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "výpad"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nájezd"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "útok"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "onverwachte aanval"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "raid"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "põige"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "ryöstöretki"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "hyökkäys"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "incursion"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plötzlicher Überfall"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "überraschender Überfall"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "inkurso"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "incursione"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scorrazzata"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scorreria"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "irruzione"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "úpad",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "у́пад"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "kanohi kitea"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "tukinga"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "torohē"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "najazd"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "napad"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "wypad"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "incursão"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "investida"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "aposta"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "incursiune"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "raid"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nabég",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "набе́г"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "napadénije",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "нападе́ние"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "incursion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "incursión"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "plundringståg"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "incursion",
"word": "räd"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "brief excursion or attempt",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "průnik"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "brief excursion or attempt",
"word": "kõrvalepõige"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "brief excursion or attempt",
"word": "haak"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "brief excursion or attempt",
"word": "yritys"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "brief excursion or attempt",
"word": "kokeilu"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "brief excursion or attempt",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kurzer Ausfall"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "brief excursion or attempt",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Streifzug"
}
],
"word": "foray"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɹeɪ",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɹeɪ/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "forrayen",
"t": "to pillage"
},
"expansion": "Middle English forrayen (“to pillage”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "forrier"
},
"expansion": "Old French forrier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*fōdar",
"t": "fodder, sheath"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *fōdar (“fodder, sheath”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fōdrą",
"t": "fodder, feed, sheath"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fōdrą (“fodder, feed, sheath”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*patrom",
"t": "fodder"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *patrom (“fodder”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "fuotar"
},
"expansion": "Old High German fuotar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Futter",
"t": "fodder, feed"
},
"expansion": "German Futter (“fodder, feed”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "fōdor"
},
"expansion": "Old English fōdor",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "voeder",
"t": "forage, food, feed"
},
"expansion": "Dutch voeder (“forage, food, feed”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "foder",
"t": "fodder, feed"
},
"expansion": "Danish foder (“fodder, feed”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "fóður",
"t": "fodder, sheath"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic fóður (“fodder, sheath”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English forrayen (“to pillage”), a back-formation of forrayour, forreour, forrier (“raider, pillager”), from Old French forrier, fourrier, a derivative of fuerre (“provender, fodder, straw”), from Frankish *fōdar (“fodder, sheath”), from Proto-Germanic *fōdrą (“fodder, feed, sheath”), from Proto-Indo-European *patrom (“fodder”), *pat- (“to feed”), *pāy- (“to guard, graze, feed”).\nCognate with Old High German fuotar (German Futter (“fodder, feed”)), Old English fōdor, fōþer (“food, fodder, covering, case, basket”), Dutch voeder (“forage, food, feed”), Danish foder (“fodder, feed”), Icelandic fóður (“fodder, sheath”). More at fodder, food, forage.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "forays",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "foraying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "forayed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "forayed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "foray (third-person singular simple present forays, present participle foraying, simple past and past participle forayed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1837, William Hickling Prescott, History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella, the Catholic:",
"text": "The people of Granada resumed all at once their ancient activity, foraying into the Christian territories, surprising Alhendin and some other places of less importance, and stirring up the spirit of revolt in Guadix and other conquered cities.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To participate in a foray."
],
"links": [
[
"participate",
"participate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2018, Abigail Rine Favale, Into the Deep:",
"text": "Over the summer, I'd been following the news cycle, foraying into online journalism, and I wrote a couple of pieces on male victims of sexual violence, who are often left to the margins or forgotten altogether in feminist accounts of rape culture.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To do or attempt something outside one's typical area of expertise."
],
"links": [
[
"attempt",
"attempt"
],
[
"expertise",
"expertise"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1590, Edward Spenser, The Faerie Queene:",
"text": "He bad to open wyde his brazen gate,\n Which long time had bene shut, and out of hond\n Proclaymed joy and peace through all his state;\n For dead now was their foe which them forrayed late.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1857, Charlotte Mary Yonge, Cameos from English History, from Rollo to Edward II:",
"text": "Bruce forayed Cumberland, and threatened Berwick, so that the poor Countess of Buchan was removed from thence to a more secure place of captivity.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To scour an area for goods as part of a foray."
],
"links": [
[
"scour",
"scour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To scour an area for goods as part of a foray."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɒɹ.eɪ/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-foray.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-foray.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-foray.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-foray.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-foray.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔɹ.eɪ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɑɹ.eɪ/",
"tags": [
"New-York-City",
"Philadelphia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔɹ.æɪ/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɹeɪ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "forrey (15th century)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ograbvam",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "ограбвам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pljačkosvam",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "плячкосвам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "pillar"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vydrancovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "drancovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vyrabovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rabovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zpustošit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pustošit"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "ryöstää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "hävittää"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "fourrager"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "scorrazzare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "irrompere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "razziare"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "pāhua"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "pāhuahua"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "tunutunu makai"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "To pillage; to ravage",
"word": "tunutunu mākaikai"
}
],
"word": "foray"
}
Download raw JSONL data for foray meaning in All languages combined (17.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.