"flerd" meaning in All languages combined

See flerd on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /flɜːd/ [Received-Pronunciation], /flɝd/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-flerd.wav [Southern-England] Forms: flerds [plural]
Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)d Etymology: Blend of flock + herd. Etymology templates: {{blend|en|flock|herd}} Blend of flock + herd Head templates: {{en-noun}} flerd (plural flerds)
  1. A mixed group of ruminants, such as sheep and cattle. Wikipedia link: Adriaen van de Velde, Dulwich Picture Gallery Categories (lifeform): Even-toed ungulates
    Sense id: en-flerd-en-noun-iM3~hIDO Categories (other): English blends, English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with topic categories using raw markup, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English links with redundant target parameters, Middle English links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 59 3 38 Disambiguation of Middle English links with redundant target parameters: 61 2 37 Disambiguation of Middle English links with redundant wikilinks: 61 2 37

Noun [Middle English]

IPA: /flɛːrd/, /flɛrd/ Forms: flērd [canonical], flērds [plural]
Etymology: From Old English fleard (“nonsense; folly, vanity; deception, fraud; superstition”); cognate with Icelandic flærð (“deceit”), Old Danish flerdh, flær (“deceit, falsehood”), Swedish flärd (“frivolity, vanity; flamboyance”); see also Scots flird. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|fleard||nonsense; folly, vanity; deception, fraud; superstition}} Old English fleard (“nonsense; folly, vanity; deception, fraud; superstition”), {{cog|is|flærð||deceit}} Icelandic flærð (“deceit”), {{cog|gmq-oda|flerdh}} Old Danish flerdh, {{m|gmq-oda|flær||deceit, falsehood}} flær (“deceit, falsehood”), {{cog|sv|flärd||frivolity, vanity; flamboyance}} Swedish flärd (“frivolity, vanity; flamboyance”), {{cog|sco|flird}} Scots flird Head templates: {{head|enm|nouns|g=|g2=|g3=|head=flērd|sort=}} flērd, {{enm-noun|flērds|head=flērd}} flērd (plural flērds)
  1. deceit, falsehood
    Sense id: en-flerd-enm-noun-BYq8KJBe
  2. a person who deceives, trickster
    Sense id: en-flerd-enm-noun-403AE1Av
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: flærd

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for flerd meaning in All languages combined (6.8kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "flock",
        "3": "herd"
      },
      "expansion": "Blend of flock + herd",
      "name": "blend"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Blend of flock + herd.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "flerds",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
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  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {},
      "expansion": "flerd (plural flerds)",
      "name": "en-noun"
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English blends",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
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          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
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            "Entry maintenance"
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        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Even-toed ungulates",
          "orig": "en:Even-toed ungulates",
          "parents": [
            "Mammals",
            "Vertebrates",
            "Chordates",
            "Animals",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
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        {
          "_dis": "59 3 38",
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          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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          "_dis": "61 2 37",
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          "_dis": "61 2 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1996, Small Farm Today, Clark, Mo.: Missouri Farm Pub., →ISSN, →OCLC, page 35",
          "text": "Dean M. Anderson, research animal scientist with USDA's Agricultural Research Service in Las Cruces, New Mexico, is bonding sheep to cattle into a cohesive unit termed a \"flerd.\"",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2010, D[ean] M. Anderson, R. E. Estell, “Behavior – the Keystone in Optimizing Free-ranging Ungulate Production”, in Victor R. Squires, editor, Range and Animal Sciences and Resources Management (Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems), volume 1, [Oxford?]: Eolss Publishers, page 335",
          "text": "Flerds can help reduced coyote predation of small ruminants because cows will instinctively intimidate approaching canines. […] Even though dietary differences among flocks, herds and flerds remain similar on arid landscapes with abundant standing crop, animal distribution does differ.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2015, Dina Rudick, Erik Jacobs, “Sheep & Goats”, in Barnyard Kids: A Family Guide for Raising Animals, Beverly, Mass.: Quarry Books, Quarto Publishing Group, page 81",
          "text": "Sheep and goats often co-graze with other animals, such as cows or horses. This grouping of species is sometimes called a flerd.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A mixed group of ruminants, such as sheep and cattle."
      ],
      "id": "en-flerd-en-noun-iM3~hIDO",
      "links": [
        [
          "mixed",
          "mixed#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "ruminant",
          "ruminant"
        ],
        [
          "sheep",
          "sheep"
        ],
        [
          "cattle",
          "cattle"
        ]
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Adriaen van de Velde",
        "Dulwich Picture Gallery"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/flɜːd/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/flɝd/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)d"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-flerd.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-flerd.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-flerd.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-flerd.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-flerd.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "flerd"
}

{
  "descendants": [
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      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
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          "args": {
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            "3": "flirt"
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          "expansion": "English: flird, flirt",
          "name": "desc"
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      ],
      "text": "English: flird, flirt"
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    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
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          "expansion": "Scots: flird",
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      "text": "Scots: flird"
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        "3": "fleard",
        "4": "",
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      },
      "expansion": "Old English fleard (“nonsense; folly, vanity; deception, fraud; superstition”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "flærð",
        "3": "",
        "4": "deceit"
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      "expansion": "Icelandic flærð (“deceit”)",
      "name": "cog"
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    {
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      "expansion": "Old Danish flerdh",
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        "1": "gmq-oda",
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        "3": "",
        "4": "deceit, falsehood"
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      "name": "m"
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      "args": {
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        "3": "",
        "4": "frivolity, vanity; flamboyance"
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      "expansion": "Swedish flärd (“frivolity, vanity; flamboyance”)",
      "name": "cog"
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "flird"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots flird",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English fleard (“nonsense; folly, vanity; deception, fraud; superstition”); cognate with Icelandic flærð (“deceit”), Old Danish flerdh, flær (“deceit, falsehood”), Swedish flärd (“frivolity, vanity; flamboyance”); see also Scots flird.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "flērd",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "flērds",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
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  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
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        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "flērd",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "flērd",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "flērds",
        "head": "flērd"
      },
      "expansion": "flērd (plural flērds)",
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  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "deceit, falsehood"
      ],
      "id": "en-flerd-enm-noun-BYq8KJBe",
      "links": [
        [
          "deceit",
          "deceit"
        ],
        [
          "falsehood",
          "falsehood"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "So was Herod fox and deceiver, / for when Christ came into the world, / he said he would worship him, / and thought he would kill him.",
          "ref": "a. 1250, “[A Bestiary, Arundel MS. 292, leaf 4a.] Natura wulpis [The Fox]”, in Richard Morris, editor, An Old English Miscellany Containing a Bestiary, Kentish Sermons, Proverbs of Alfred, Religious Poems of the Thirteenth Century, from Manuscripts in the British Museum, Bodleian Library, Jesus College Library, etc., London: Published for the Early English Text Society, by N. Trübner & Co., 60, Paternoster Row, published 1872, pages 14–15, lines 452–455",
          "text": "So waſ herodeſ fox and flerd, / ðo criſt kam in-to ðis middel-erd, / he ſeide he wulde leuen on, / and ðogte he wulde him fordon.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a person who deceives, trickster"
      ],
      "id": "en-flerd-enm-noun-403AE1Av",
      "links": [
        [
          "deceive",
          "deceive"
        ],
        [
          "trickster",
          "trickster"
        ]
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    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/flɛːrd/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/flɛrd/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "flærd"
    }
  ],
  "word": "flerd"
}
{
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    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English links with redundant target parameters",
    "Middle English links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation"
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  "etymology_templates": [
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        "2": "flock",
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      "expansion": "Blend of flock + herd",
      "name": "blend"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Blend of flock + herd.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "flerds",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "flerd (plural flerds)",
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  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English 1-syllable words",
        "English blends",
        "English countable nouns",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
        "English lemmas",
        "English nouns",
        "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "English terms with audio links",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)d",
        "Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)d/1 syllable",
        "en:Even-toed ungulates"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1996, Small Farm Today, Clark, Mo.: Missouri Farm Pub., →ISSN, →OCLC, page 35",
          "text": "Dean M. Anderson, research animal scientist with USDA's Agricultural Research Service in Las Cruces, New Mexico, is bonding sheep to cattle into a cohesive unit termed a \"flerd.\"",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2010, D[ean] M. Anderson, R. E. Estell, “Behavior – the Keystone in Optimizing Free-ranging Ungulate Production”, in Victor R. Squires, editor, Range and Animal Sciences and Resources Management (Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems), volume 1, [Oxford?]: Eolss Publishers, page 335",
          "text": "Flerds can help reduced coyote predation of small ruminants because cows will instinctively intimidate approaching canines. […] Even though dietary differences among flocks, herds and flerds remain similar on arid landscapes with abundant standing crop, animal distribution does differ.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2015, Dina Rudick, Erik Jacobs, “Sheep & Goats”, in Barnyard Kids: A Family Guide for Raising Animals, Beverly, Mass.: Quarry Books, Quarto Publishing Group, page 81",
          "text": "Sheep and goats often co-graze with other animals, such as cows or horses. This grouping of species is sometimes called a flerd.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A mixed group of ruminants, such as sheep and cattle."
      ],
      "links": [
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          "mixed",
          "mixed#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "ruminant",
          "ruminant"
        ],
        [
          "sheep",
          "sheep"
        ],
        [
          "cattle",
          "cattle"
        ]
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Adriaen van de Velde",
        "Dulwich Picture Gallery"
      ]
    }
  ],
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    {
      "ipa": "/flɜːd/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/flɝd/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)d"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-flerd.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-flerd.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-flerd.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-flerd.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-flerd.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "flerd"
}

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    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation"
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  "descendants": [
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      "text": "English: flird, flirt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
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        "5": "nonsense; folly, vanity; deception, fraud; superstition"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English fleard (“nonsense; folly, vanity; deception, fraud; superstition”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "flærð",
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      "expansion": "Icelandic flærð (“deceit”)",
      "name": "cog"
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      "args": {
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        "4": "frivolity, vanity; flamboyance"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish flärd (“frivolity, vanity; flamboyance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "flird"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots flird",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English fleard (“nonsense; folly, vanity; deception, fraud; superstition”); cognate with Icelandic flærð (“deceit”), Old Danish flerdh, flær (“deceit, falsehood”), Swedish flärd (“frivolity, vanity; flamboyance”); see also Scots flird.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "flērd",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "flērds",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
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  "head_templates": [
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        "2": "nouns",
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        "head": "flērd",
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      },
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    {
      "args": {
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  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "deceit, falsehood"
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      "links": [
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      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "So was Herod fox and deceiver, / for when Christ came into the world, / he said he would worship him, / and thought he would kill him.",
          "ref": "a. 1250, “[A Bestiary, Arundel MS. 292, leaf 4a.] Natura wulpis [The Fox]”, in Richard Morris, editor, An Old English Miscellany Containing a Bestiary, Kentish Sermons, Proverbs of Alfred, Religious Poems of the Thirteenth Century, from Manuscripts in the British Museum, Bodleian Library, Jesus College Library, etc., London: Published for the Early English Text Society, by N. Trübner & Co., 60, Paternoster Row, published 1872, pages 14–15, lines 452–455",
          "text": "So waſ herodeſ fox and flerd, / ðo criſt kam in-to ðis middel-erd, / he ſeide he wulde leuen on, / and ðogte he wulde him fordon.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a person who deceives, trickster"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "deceive",
          "deceive"
        ],
        [
          "trickster",
          "trickster"
        ]
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    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/flɛːrd/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/flɛrd/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "flærd"
    }
  ],
  "word": "flerd"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.