See fūsti on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "fȳst"
},
"expansion": "Old English: fȳst\nMiddle English: fist, fust, fest, feest, vest\nEnglish: fist\nScots: fist, fyst\nYola: hist, fest",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: fȳst\nMiddle English: fist, fust, fest, feest, vest\nEnglish: fist\nScots: fist, fyst\nYola: hist, fest"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "fēst",
"3": "fest"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: fēst, fest",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: fēst, fest"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "fest"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: fest",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: fest"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Fäste"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Fäste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Fäste"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "fūst"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: fūst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: fūst"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "vûst"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: vûst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: vûst"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Fuust"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Fuust",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Fuust"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Fust"
},
"expansion": "Low German: Fust",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: Fust"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "fûst",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ West Frisian: fûst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ West Frisian: fûst"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*fūst"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *fūst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *fūst"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "vuust"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: vuust",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: vuust"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vuist"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: vuist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: vuist"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "voes"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish: voes",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limburgish: voes"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "fūst"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: fūst\nMiddle High German: fūst, vūst, voust\nAlemannic German: Fuuscht, Pfuuscht\nBavarian: Faust\nCimbrian: vòista, bòista (Mezzaselva)\nCentral Franconian: Fuus, Faust\nHunsrik: Faust\nLuxembourgish: Fauscht\nGerman: Faust\nYiddish: פֿויסט (foyst)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: fūst\nMiddle High German: fūst, vūst, voust\nAlemannic German: Fuuscht, Pfuuscht\nBavarian: Faust\nCimbrian: vòista, bòista (Mezzaselva)\nCentral Franconian: Fuus, Faust\nHunsrik: Faust\nLuxembourgish: Fauscht\nGerman: Faust\nYiddish: פֿויסט (foyst)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*funstiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *funstiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pu-n-ǵ-stí-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pu-n-ǵ-stí-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pugnus",
"t": "fist"
},
"expansion": "Latin pugnus (“fist”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pn̥kʷ-stí-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pn̥kʷ-stí-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*pę̑stь",
"t": "fist"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pę̑stь (“fist”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain; presumably from Proto-Germanic *funstiz, possibly:\n* dissimilated from earlier *funkstiz, from Proto-Indo-European *pu-n-ǵ-stí-s, from *pewǵ- (“to punch, poke”), whence Latin pugnus (“fist”),\n* or from earlier *funhstiz, *funhwstiz, from Proto-Indo-European *pn̥kʷ-stí-s, from *pénkʷe (“five”).\nPerhaps also cognate with Proto-Slavic *pę̑stь (“fist”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "fūsti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fūstī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fūsti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fūstī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fūstī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fūstijō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fūstī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fūstim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fūstijum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fūstī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fūstim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fūstijum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "*fūsti f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-i"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/fūsti",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "fūstōn"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fist"
],
"id": "en-fūsti-gmw-pro-noun-kfSVmKw6",
"links": [
[
"fist",
"fist"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "fingr"
},
{
"word": "fimf"
},
{
"word": "fukkōn"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Elmar Seebold",
"Etymological Dictionary of the German Language",
"de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache"
]
}
],
"word": "fūsti"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "fūstōn"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "fȳst"
},
"expansion": "Old English: fȳst\nMiddle English: fist, fust, fest, feest, vest\nEnglish: fist\nScots: fist, fyst\nYola: hist, fest",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: fȳst\nMiddle English: fist, fust, fest, feest, vest\nEnglish: fist\nScots: fist, fyst\nYola: hist, fest"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "fēst",
"3": "fest"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: fēst, fest",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: fēst, fest"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "fest"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: fest",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: fest"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Fäste"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Fäste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Fäste"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "fūst"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: fūst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: fūst"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "vûst"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: vûst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: vûst"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Fuust"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Fuust",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Fuust"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Fust"
},
"expansion": "Low German: Fust",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: Fust"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "fûst",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ West Frisian: fûst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ West Frisian: fûst"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*fūst"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *fūst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *fūst"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "vuust"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: vuust",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: vuust"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vuist"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: vuist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: vuist"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "voes"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish: voes",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limburgish: voes"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "fūst"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: fūst\nMiddle High German: fūst, vūst, voust\nAlemannic German: Fuuscht, Pfuuscht\nBavarian: Faust\nCimbrian: vòista, bòista (Mezzaselva)\nCentral Franconian: Fuus, Faust\nHunsrik: Faust\nLuxembourgish: Fauscht\nGerman: Faust\nYiddish: פֿויסט (foyst)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: fūst\nMiddle High German: fūst, vūst, voust\nAlemannic German: Fuuscht, Pfuuscht\nBavarian: Faust\nCimbrian: vòista, bòista (Mezzaselva)\nCentral Franconian: Fuus, Faust\nHunsrik: Faust\nLuxembourgish: Fauscht\nGerman: Faust\nYiddish: פֿויסט (foyst)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*funstiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *funstiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pu-n-ǵ-stí-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pu-n-ǵ-stí-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pugnus",
"t": "fist"
},
"expansion": "Latin pugnus (“fist”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pn̥kʷ-stí-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pn̥kʷ-stí-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*pę̑stь",
"t": "fist"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pę̑stь (“fist”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain; presumably from Proto-Germanic *funstiz, possibly:\n* dissimilated from earlier *funkstiz, from Proto-Indo-European *pu-n-ǵ-stí-s, from *pewǵ- (“to punch, poke”), whence Latin pugnus (“fist”),\n* or from earlier *funhstiz, *funhwstiz, from Proto-Indo-European *pn̥kʷ-stí-s, from *pénkʷe (“five”).\nPerhaps also cognate with Proto-Slavic *pę̑stь (“fist”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "fūsti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fūstī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fūsti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fūstī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fūstī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fūstijō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fūstī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fūstim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fūstijum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fūstī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fūstim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fūstijum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "*fūsti f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-i"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/fūsti",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "fingr"
},
{
"word": "fimf"
},
{
"word": "fukkōn"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic i-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
"gmw-pro:Hand"
],
"glosses": [
"fist"
],
"links": [
[
"fist",
"fist"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Elmar Seebold",
"Etymological Dictionary of the German Language",
"de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache"
]
}
],
"word": "fūsti"
}
Download raw JSONL data for fūsti meaning in All languages combined (6.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (ce0be54 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.