"esmaier" meaning in All languages combined

See esmaier on Wiktionary

Verb [Old French]

Etymology: Probably from Vulgar Latin *exmagāre (“deprive of power or strength”), from ex- + *magare (“to enable; empower”), from Frankish *magan, *mugan (“to be able”), from Proto-Germanic *maganą. Compare Old Occitan esmaiar, Portuguese esmagar, Spanish amagar. Etymology templates: {{inh|fro|VL.||*exmagāre|deprive of power or strength}} Vulgar Latin *exmagāre (“deprive of power or strength”), {{m|la|ex-}} ex-, {{m|la||*magare|to enable; empower}} *magare (“to enable; empower”), {{der|fro|frk|*magan}} Frankish *magan, {{m|frk|*mugan||to be able}} *mugan (“to be able”), {{der|fro|gem-pro|*maganą}} Proto-Germanic *maganą, {{cog|pro|esmaiar}} Old Occitan esmaiar, {{cog|pt|esmagar}} Portuguese esmagar, {{cog|es|amagar}} Spanish amagar Head templates: {{head|fro|verb}} esmaier Inflection templates: {{fro-conj-er}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], esmaier [infinitive], avoir esmaié [infinitive, multiword-construction], en esmaiant [gerund], gerund of avoir + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction], esmaiant [participle, present], esmaié [participle, past], esmai [first-person, indicative, present, singular], esmaies [indicative, present, second-person, singular], esmaie [indicative, present, singular, third-person], esmaions [first-person, indicative, plural, present], esmaiez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], esmaient [indicative, plural, present, third-person], esmaioie [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], esmaieie [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], esmaioe [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], esmaieve [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], esmaioies [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], esmaieies [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], esmaioes [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], esmaieves [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], esmaioit [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], esmaieit [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], esmaiot [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], esmaieve [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], esmaiiiens [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], esmaiiens [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], esmaiiiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], esmaiiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], esmaioient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], esmaieient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], esmaioent [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], esmaievent [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], esmaiai [first-person, indicative, preterite, singular], esmaias [indicative, preterite, second-person, singular], esmaia [indicative, preterite, singular, third-person], esmaiames [first-person, indicative, plural, preterite], esmaiastes [indicative, plural, preterite, second-person], esmaierent [indicative, plural, preterite, third-person], esmaierai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], esmaieras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], esmaiera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], esmaierons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], esmaieroiz [future, indicative, plural, second-person], esmaiereiz [future, indicative, plural, second-person], esmaierez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], esmaieront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], esmaieroie [conditional, first-person, singular], esmaiereie [conditional, first-person, singular], esmaieroies [conditional, second-person, singular], esmaiereies [conditional, second-person, singular], esmaieroit [conditional, singular, third-person], esmaiereit [conditional, singular, third-person], esmaieriiens [conditional, first-person, plural], esmaieriens [conditional, first-person, plural], esmaieriiez [conditional, plural, second-person], esmaieriez [conditional, plural, second-person], esmaieroient [conditional, plural, third-person], esmaiereient [conditional, plural, third-person], present tense of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect tense of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], preterite tense of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future tense of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional tense of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], esmai [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], esmais [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], esmait [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], esmaions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], esmaiez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], esmaient [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], esmaiasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], esmaiasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], esmaiast [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], esmaiissons [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], esmaiissiens [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], esmaiissoiz [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], esmaiissez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], esmaiissiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], esmaiassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], esmaie [imperative, second-person, singular], esmaions [first-person, imperative, plural], esmaiez [imperative, plural, second-person]
  1. (reflexive, s'esmaier) to be frightened; to be scared Tags: reflexive
    Sense id: en-esmaier-fro-verb-DtUKQk2M Categories (other): Old French entries with incorrect language header, Old French verbs ending in -er, Old French verbs with weak-a preterite Disambiguation of Old French entries with incorrect language header: 47 53 Disambiguation of Old French verbs ending in -er: 47 53 Disambiguation of Old French verbs with weak-a preterite: 47 53
  2. (transitive) to frighten; to scare Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-esmaier-fro-verb-HTEDRrMc Categories (other): Old French entries with incorrect language header, Old French verbs ending in -er, Old French verbs with weak-a preterite Disambiguation of Old French entries with incorrect language header: 47 53 Disambiguation of Old French verbs ending in -er: 47 53 Disambiguation of Old French verbs with weak-a preterite: 47 53
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: emaier, desmaier

Download JSON data for esmaier meaning in All languages combined (13.7kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "amayen",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle English: amayen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle English: amayen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "amay"
          },
          "expansion": "English: amay",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: amay"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "esmai",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old French: esmai\nMiddle French: esmoy\nFrench: émoi\nNorman: émai",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old French: esmai\nMiddle French: esmoy\nFrench: émoi\nNorman: émai"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "desmaier",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old French: desmaier",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old French: desmaier"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "desmaiar",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: desmaiar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: desmaiar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "desmayar",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: desmayar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: desmayar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xno",
            "2": "*desmaiier",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Anglo-Norman: *desmaiier",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Anglo-Norman: *desmaiier"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "dismayen",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle English: dismayen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle English: dismayen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "dismay"
          },
          "expansion": "English: dismay",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: dismay"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*exmagāre",
        "5": "deprive of power or strength"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *exmagāre (“deprive of power or strength”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ex-"
      },
      "expansion": "ex-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*magare",
        "4": "to enable; empower"
      },
      "expansion": "*magare (“to enable; empower”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*magan"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *magan",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frk",
        "2": "*mugan",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be able"
      },
      "expansion": "*mugan (“to be able”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*maganą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *maganą",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pro",
        "2": "esmaiar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Occitan esmaiar",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "esmagar"
      },
      "expansion": "Portuguese esmagar",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "amagar"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish amagar",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably from Vulgar Latin *exmagāre (“deprive of power or strength”), from ex- + *magare (“to enable; empower”), from Frankish *magan, *mugan (“to be able”), from Proto-Germanic *maganą.\nCompare Old Occitan esmaiar, Portuguese esmagar, Spanish amagar.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fro-conj-er",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaier",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir esmaié",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en esmaiant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaié",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaions",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaioie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaioe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaioies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaioes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieves",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaioit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaioient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaioent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaievent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaias",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiames",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiastes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaierent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaierai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaierons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieroiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiereiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaierez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieront",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieroie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiereie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieroies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiereies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieroit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiereit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieriiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieriens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieriiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieriez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieroient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiereient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmait",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaions",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiasse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiasses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiissons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiissiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiissoiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiissez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiissiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiassent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaions",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "esmaier",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fro-conj-er"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs ending in -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be frightened; to be scared"
      ],
      "id": "en-esmaier-fro-verb-DtUKQk2M",
      "links": [
        [
          "frightened",
          "frightened"
        ],
        [
          "scared",
          "scared"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive, s'esmaier) to be frightened; to be scared"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs ending in -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to frighten; to scare"
      ],
      "id": "en-esmaier-fro-verb-HTEDRrMc",
      "links": [
        [
          "frighten",
          "frighten"
        ],
        [
          "scare",
          "scare"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to frighten; to scare"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "emaier"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "desmaier"
    }
  ],
  "word": "esmaier"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old French first group verbs",
    "Old French lemmas",
    "Old French terms derived from Frankish",
    "Old French terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
    "Old French verbs",
    "Old French verbs ending in -er",
    "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "amayen",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle English: amayen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle English: amayen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "amay"
          },
          "expansion": "English: amay",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: amay"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "esmai",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old French: esmai\nMiddle French: esmoy\nFrench: émoi\nNorman: émai",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old French: esmai\nMiddle French: esmoy\nFrench: émoi\nNorman: émai"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "desmaier",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old French: desmaier",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old French: desmaier"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "desmaiar",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: desmaiar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: desmaiar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "desmayar",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: desmayar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: desmayar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xno",
            "2": "*desmaiier",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Anglo-Norman: *desmaiier",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Anglo-Norman: *desmaiier"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "dismayen",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle English: dismayen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle English: dismayen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "dismay"
          },
          "expansion": "English: dismay",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: dismay"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*exmagāre",
        "5": "deprive of power or strength"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *exmagāre (“deprive of power or strength”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ex-"
      },
      "expansion": "ex-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*magare",
        "4": "to enable; empower"
      },
      "expansion": "*magare (“to enable; empower”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*magan"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *magan",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frk",
        "2": "*mugan",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be able"
      },
      "expansion": "*mugan (“to be able”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*maganą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *maganą",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pro",
        "2": "esmaiar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Occitan esmaiar",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "esmagar"
      },
      "expansion": "Portuguese esmagar",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "amagar"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish amagar",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably from Vulgar Latin *exmagāre (“deprive of power or strength”), from ex- + *magare (“to enable; empower”), from Frankish *magan, *mugan (“to be able”), from Proto-Germanic *maganą.\nCompare Old Occitan esmaiar, Portuguese esmagar, Spanish amagar.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fro-conj-er",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaier",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir esmaié",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en esmaiant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaié",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaions",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaioie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaioe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaioies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaioes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieves",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaioit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaioient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaioent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaievent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaias",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiames",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiastes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaierent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaierai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaierons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieroiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiereiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaierez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieront",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieroie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiereie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieroies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiereies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieroit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiereit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieriiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieriens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieriiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieriez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaieroient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiereient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmait",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaions",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiasse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiasses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiissons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiissiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiissoiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiissez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiissiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiassent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaions",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmaiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "esmaier",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fro-conj-er"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old French reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be frightened; to be scared"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "frightened",
          "frightened"
        ],
        [
          "scared",
          "scared"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive, s'esmaier) to be frightened; to be scared"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old French transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to frighten; to scare"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "frighten",
          "frighten"
        ],
        [
          "scare",
          "scare"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to frighten; to scare"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "emaier"
    },
    {
      "word": "desmaier"
    }
  ],
  "word": "esmaier"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.