"escale" meaning in All languages combined

See escale on Wiktionary

Noun [French]

IPA: /ɛs.kal/ Audio: Fr-escale.ogg Forms: escales [plural]
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian scala, itself a borrowing from Byzantine Greek σκάλα (skála), from Latin scāla. Doublet of échelle, which was inherited. Etymology templates: {{glossary|loanword|Borrowed}} Borrowed, {{bor|fr|it|scala|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Italian scala, {{bor+|fr|it|scala}} Borrowed from Italian scala, {{der|fr|gkm|σκάλα}} Byzantine Greek σκάλα (skála), {{der|fr|la|scāla}} Latin scāla, {{doublet|fr|échelle}} Doublet of échelle Head templates: {{fr-noun|f}} escale f (plural escales)
  1. port of call Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-escale-fr-noun-yGTfLpNJ
  2. stopover Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-escale-fr-noun--LJoaCHr Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 5 95
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: faire escale

Noun [Old French]

Forms: escale oblique singular or [canonical, feminine], escales [oblique, plural], escale [nominative, singular], escales [nominative, plural]
Etymology: From Frankish *skala or another Old High German source skala /scāla. Cf. Proto-Germanic *skaljō, Frankish *skallija. Ultimately of the same source as the doublet escaille (“scale”). Etymology templates: {{bor|fro|frk|*skala}} Frankish *skala, {{der|fro|goh|-}} Old High German, {{m|goh|skala}} skala, {{m|goh|scāla}} scāla, {{der|fro|gem-pro|*skaljō}} Proto-Germanic *skaljō, {{cog|frk|*skallju|*skallija}} Frankish *skallija, {{doublet|fro|escaille|notext=1|t1=scale}} escaille (“scale”) Head templates: {{fro-noun|f}} escale oblique singular, f (oblique plural escales, nominative singular escale, nominative plural escales)
  1. shell (hard outer covering) Synonyms: eschale Derived forms: escalope
    Sense id: en-escale-fro-noun-JdyxNCYu Categories (other): Old French entries with incorrect language header

Verb [Portuguese]

Head templates: {{head|pt|verb form}} escale
  1. inflection of escalar: Tags: first-person, form-of, present, singular, subjunctive, third-person Form of: escalar
    Sense id: en-escale-pt-verb-q4ZSEcD3 Categories (other): Portuguese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with incorrect language header: 65 35
  2. inflection of escalar: Tags: form-of, imperative, singular, third-person Form of: escalar
    Sense id: en-escale-pt-verb-haBc~AbY

Verb [Spanish]

Head templates: {{head|es|verb form}} escale
  1. inflection of escalar: Tags: first-person, form-of, present, singular, subjunctive, third-person Form of: escalar
    Sense id: en-escale-es-verb-q4ZSEcD3 Categories (other): Spanish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Spanish entries with incorrect language header: 65 35
  2. inflection of escalar: Tags: form-of, imperative, singular, third-person Form of: escalar
    Sense id: en-escale-es-verb-haBc~AbY

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for escale meaning in All languages combined (6.7kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "faire escale"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "scala",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Italian scala",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "scala"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Italian scala",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gkm",
        "3": "σκάλα"
      },
      "expansion": "Byzantine Greek σκάλα (skála)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "scāla"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin scāla",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "échelle"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of échelle",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian scala, itself a borrowing from Byzantine Greek σκάλα (skála), from Latin scāla. Doublet of échelle, which was inherited.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "escales",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "escale f (plural escales)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "port of call"
      ],
      "id": "en-escale-fr-noun-yGTfLpNJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "port of call",
          "port of call"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 95",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "stopover"
      ],
      "id": "en-escale-fr-noun--LJoaCHr",
      "links": [
        [
          "stopover",
          "stopover"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɛs.kal/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-escale.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ca/Fr-escale.ogg/Fr-escale.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Fr-escale.ogg",
      "text": "audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "escale"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "écale"
          },
          "expansion": "French: écale",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: écale"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "scale",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle English: scale",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle English: scale"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "scale"
          },
          "expansion": "English: scale",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: scale"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yol",
            "2": "skaulès"
          },
          "expansion": "Yola: skaulès",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "plural"
          },
          "expansion": "(plural)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yola: skaulès (plural)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*skala"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *skala",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "skala"
      },
      "expansion": "skala",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "scāla"
      },
      "expansion": "scāla",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*skaljō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skaljō",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frk",
        "2": "*skallju",
        "3": "*skallija"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *skallija",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "escaille",
        "notext": "1",
        "t1": "scale"
      },
      "expansion": "escaille (“scale”)",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Frankish *skala or another Old High German source skala /scāla. Cf. Proto-Germanic *skaljō, Frankish *skallija. Ultimately of the same source as the doublet escaille (“scale”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "escale oblique singular or",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "escales",
      "tags": [
        "oblique",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "escale",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "escales",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "escale oblique singular, f (oblique plural escales, nominative singular escale, nominative plural escales)",
      "name": "fro-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "escalope"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "shell (hard outer covering)"
      ],
      "id": "en-escale-fro-noun-JdyxNCYu",
      "links": [
        [
          "shell",
          "shell"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "eschale"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "escale"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "escale",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "65 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "escalar"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of escalar:\n## first/third-person singular present subjunctive\n## third-person singular imperative",
        "first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
      ],
      "id": "en-escale-pt-verb-q4ZSEcD3",
      "links": [
        [
          "escalar",
          "escalar#Portuguese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of escalar:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "escalar"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of escalar:\n## first/third-person singular present subjunctive\n## third-person singular imperative",
        "third-person singular imperative"
      ],
      "id": "en-escale-pt-verb-haBc~AbY",
      "links": [
        [
          "escalar",
          "escalar#Portuguese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of escalar:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "escale"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "escale",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Spanish",
  "lang_code": "es",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "65 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "escalar"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of escalar:\n## first/third-person singular present subjunctive\n## third-person singular imperative",
        "first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
      ],
      "id": "en-escale-es-verb-q4ZSEcD3",
      "links": [
        [
          "escalar",
          "escalar#Spanish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of escalar:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "escalar"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of escalar:\n## first/third-person singular present subjunctive\n## third-person singular imperative",
        "third-person singular imperative"
      ],
      "id": "en-escale-es-verb-haBc~AbY",
      "links": [
        [
          "escalar",
          "escalar#Spanish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of escalar:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "escale"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "French 2-syllable words",
    "French countable nouns",
    "French doublets",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French feminine nouns",
    "French lemmas",
    "French nouns",
    "French terms borrowed from Italian",
    "French terms derived from Byzantine Greek",
    "French terms derived from Italian",
    "French terms derived from Latin",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French terms with audio links"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "faire escale"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "scala",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Italian scala",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "scala"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Italian scala",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gkm",
        "3": "σκάλα"
      },
      "expansion": "Byzantine Greek σκάλα (skála)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "scāla"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin scāla",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "échelle"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of échelle",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian scala, itself a borrowing from Byzantine Greek σκάλα (skála), from Latin scāla. Doublet of échelle, which was inherited.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "escales",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "escale f (plural escales)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "port of call"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "port of call",
          "port of call"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "stopover"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stopover",
          "stopover"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɛs.kal/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-escale.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ca/Fr-escale.ogg/Fr-escale.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Fr-escale.ogg",
      "text": "audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "escale"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "escalope"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "écale"
          },
          "expansion": "French: écale",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: écale"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "scale",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle English: scale",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle English: scale"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "scale"
          },
          "expansion": "English: scale",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: scale"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yol",
            "2": "skaulès"
          },
          "expansion": "Yola: skaulès",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "plural"
          },
          "expansion": "(plural)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yola: skaulès (plural)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*skala"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *skala",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "skala"
      },
      "expansion": "skala",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "scāla"
      },
      "expansion": "scāla",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*skaljō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skaljō",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frk",
        "2": "*skallju",
        "3": "*skallija"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *skallija",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "escaille",
        "notext": "1",
        "t1": "scale"
      },
      "expansion": "escaille (“scale”)",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Frankish *skala or another Old High German source skala /scāla. Cf. Proto-Germanic *skaljō, Frankish *skallija. Ultimately of the same source as the doublet escaille (“scale”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "escale oblique singular or",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "escales",
      "tags": [
        "oblique",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "escale",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "escales",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "escale oblique singular, f (oblique plural escales, nominative singular escale, nominative plural escales)",
      "name": "fro-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old French doublets",
        "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old French feminine nouns",
        "Old French lemmas",
        "Old French nouns",
        "Old French terms borrowed from Frankish",
        "Old French terms derived from Frankish",
        "Old French terms derived from Old High German",
        "Old French terms derived from Proto-Germanic"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "shell (hard outer covering)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shell",
          "shell"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "eschale"
    }
  ],
  "word": "escale"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Portuguese non-lemma forms",
    "Portuguese verb forms"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "escale",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "escalar"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of escalar:\n## first/third-person singular present subjunctive\n## third-person singular imperative",
        "first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "escalar",
          "escalar#Portuguese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of escalar:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "escalar"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of escalar:\n## first/third-person singular present subjunctive\n## third-person singular imperative",
        "third-person singular imperative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "escalar",
          "escalar#Portuguese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of escalar:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "escale"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Spanish non-lemma forms",
    "Spanish verb forms"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "escale",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Spanish",
  "lang_code": "es",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "escalar"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of escalar:\n## first/third-person singular present subjunctive\n## third-person singular imperative",
        "first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "escalar",
          "escalar#Spanish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of escalar:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "escalar"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of escalar:\n## first/third-person singular present subjunctive\n## third-person singular imperative",
        "third-person singular imperative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "escalar",
          "escalar#Spanish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of escalar:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "escale"
}
{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
  "msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'escale oblique singular or', originally 'escale oblique singular or f'",
  "path": [
    "escale"
  ],
  "section": "Old French",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "escale",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
  "msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'escale oblique singular or', originally 'escale oblique singular or f'",
  "path": [
    "escale"
  ],
  "section": "Old French",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "escale",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
  "msg": "suspicious related form tags ['feminine', 'canonical']: 'escale oblique singular or' in 'escale oblique singular, f (oblique plural escales, nominative singular escale, nominative plural escales)'",
  "path": [
    "escale"
  ],
  "section": "Old French",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "escale",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.