See ed- on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "ed-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English ed-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ed-",
"4": "",
"5": "again, re-"
},
"expansion": "Old English ed- (“again, re-”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*id-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *id-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*idi-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *idi-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*éti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *éti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "et-"
},
"expansion": "Dutch et-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "German",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ið-",
"3": "",
"4": "again, back"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ið- (“again, back”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌹𐌳-",
"3": "",
"4": "again, back"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌹𐌳- (id-, “again, back”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ad-"
},
"expansion": "Welsh ad-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ed-",
"3": "",
"4": "again, back"
},
"expansion": "Welsh ed- (“again, back”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "et",
"3": "",
"4": "and"
},
"expansion": "Latin et (“and”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "at",
"3": "",
"4": "but, moreover"
},
"expansion": "Latin at (“but, moreover”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English ed-, from Old English ed- (“again, re-”), from Proto-West Germanic *id-, from Proto-Germanic *idi-, *idi, *ida (“back, backwards, again”), from Proto-Indo-European *éti.\nCognate with Dutch et-, German dialectal it- (“again, back”), Icelandic ið- (“again, back”), Gothic 𐌹𐌳- (id-, “again, back”), Welsh ad-, Welsh ed- (“again, back”), Latin et (“and”), Latin at (“but, moreover”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ed-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ed-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "eddish, eddy, edgrow, edgrowth, ednew, edquicken"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A prefix of Old English origin meaning \"again\", \"back\", \"anew\", equivalent to re-."
],
"id": "en-ed--en-prefix-qhuUKUjH",
"links": [
[
"re-",
"re-#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, no longer productive) A prefix of Old English origin meaning \"again\", \"back\", \"anew\", equivalent to re-."
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "ed-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ed-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: ed-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: ed-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ed-"
},
"expansion": "English: ed-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: ed-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*id-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *id-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*idi-",
"4": "",
"5": "back, backwards, again"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *idi- (“back, backwards, again”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "idug-"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon idug-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "id-"
},
"expansion": "Old High German id-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "it-"
},
"expansion": "German it-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ið-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse ið-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌹𐌳-"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌹𐌳- (id-)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *id-, from Proto-Germanic *idi- (“back, backwards, again”). Akin to Old Saxon idug-, Old High German id-, ida-, dialectal German it-, Old Norse ið-, Gothic 𐌹𐌳- (id-).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ed-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ed-",
"name": "ang-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"again"
],
"id": "en-ed--ang-prefix-tMnhQGHC",
"links": [
[
"again",
"again"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"against, backwards"
],
"id": "en-ed--ang-prefix-P-sohS3V",
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
],
[
"backwards",
"backwards"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 1 99",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"turning"
],
"id": "en-ed--ang-prefix-KrYs~jnh",
"links": [
[
"turning",
"turning"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ed/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "æd-"
}
],
"word": "ed-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*id-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *id-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*idi-",
"4": "",
"5": "back, backwards, again"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *idi- (“back, backwards, again”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *id-, from Proto-Germanic *idi- (“back, backwards, again”). Related to idug-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ed-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "edwindan \"to hurl, precipitate\""
}
],
"glosses": [
"forming words with sense of \"against\", \"backwards\""
],
"id": "en-ed--osx-prefix-DCtFqEBX",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ed-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "ed-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English ed-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ed-",
"4": "",
"5": "again, re-"
},
"expansion": "Old English ed- (“again, re-”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*id-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *id-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*idi-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *idi-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*éti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *éti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "et-"
},
"expansion": "Dutch et-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "German",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ið-",
"3": "",
"4": "again, back"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ið- (“again, back”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌹𐌳-",
"3": "",
"4": "again, back"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌹𐌳- (id-, “again, back”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ad-"
},
"expansion": "Welsh ad-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ed-",
"3": "",
"4": "again, back"
},
"expansion": "Welsh ed- (“again, back”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "et",
"3": "",
"4": "and"
},
"expansion": "Latin et (“and”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "at",
"3": "",
"4": "but, moreover"
},
"expansion": "Latin at (“but, moreover”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English ed-, from Old English ed- (“again, re-”), from Proto-West Germanic *id-, from Proto-Germanic *idi-, *idi, *ida (“back, backwards, again”), from Proto-Indo-European *éti.\nCognate with Dutch et-, German dialectal it- (“again, back”), Icelandic ið- (“again, back”), Gothic 𐌹𐌳- (id-, “again, back”), Welsh ad-, Welsh ed- (“again, back”), Latin et (“and”), Latin at (“but, moreover”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ed-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ed-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "eddish, eddy, edgrow, edgrowth, ednew, edquicken"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A prefix of Old English origin meaning \"again\", \"back\", \"anew\", equivalent to re-."
],
"links": [
[
"re-",
"re-#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, no longer productive) A prefix of Old English origin meaning \"again\", \"back\", \"anew\", equivalent to re-."
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "ed-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English prefixes",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ed-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: ed-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: ed-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ed-"
},
"expansion": "English: ed-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: ed-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*id-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *id-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*idi-",
"4": "",
"5": "back, backwards, again"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *idi- (“back, backwards, again”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "idug-"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon idug-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "id-"
},
"expansion": "Old High German id-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "it-"
},
"expansion": "German it-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ið-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse ið-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌹𐌳-"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌹𐌳- (id-)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *id-, from Proto-Germanic *idi- (“back, backwards, again”). Akin to Old Saxon idug-, Old High German id-, ida-, dialectal German it-, Old Norse ið-, Gothic 𐌹𐌳- (id-).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ed-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ed-",
"name": "ang-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"again"
],
"links": [
[
"again",
"again"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"against, backwards"
],
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
],
[
"backwards",
"backwards"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"turning"
],
"links": [
[
"turning",
"turning"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ed/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "æd-"
}
],
"word": "ed-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*id-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *id-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*idi-",
"4": "",
"5": "back, backwards, again"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *idi- (“back, backwards, again”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *id-, from Proto-Germanic *idi- (“back, backwards, again”). Related to idug-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ed-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Saxon lemmas",
"Old Saxon prefixes",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "edwindan \"to hurl, precipitate\""
}
],
"glosses": [
"forming words with sense of \"against\", \"backwards\""
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ed-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ed- meaning in All languages combined (6.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.