See ecocide on Wiktionary
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First used in 1969 by the American plant biologist Arthur Galston to refer to the willful destruction of the environment with Agent Orange.", "forms": [ { "form": "ecocides", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "~" }, "expansion": "ecocide (countable and uncountable, plural ecocides)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "eco‧cide" ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Arabic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "parents": [ "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "English terms prefixed with eco-", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "English terms suffixed with -cide (killing)", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Arabic translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Belarusian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Cantonese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Dutch translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Estonian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Finnish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with French translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Georgian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with German translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Icelandic translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Indonesian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Italian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Japanese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Korean translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Latvian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Macedonian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Persian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Polish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Russian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Spanish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Swedish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Turkish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Ecology", "orig": "en:Ecology", "parents": [ "Biology", "Sciences", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" } ], "derived": [ { "word": "ecocidal" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "[1997, Virginia Journal of International Law, volume 38, page 377:", "text": "Two common terms used to characterize injuries to the environment include “geocide” and “ecocide,” terms particularly applicable to rain forest damage because it is irreparable.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2013, Alexandra R. Harrington, “The Crime of Aggression and Threats to the Future”, in Sébastien Jodoin, Marie-Claire Cordonier Segger, editors, Sustainable Development, International Criminal Justice, and Treaty Implementation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 161–162:", "text": "It has also been suggested that environmental crimes might include the proposed crime of ‘ecocide’ or ‘geocide’, with proponents of this view attempting to draw parallels between destructive acts towards the environment and those against the qualifying groups for genocide. […] [M]any who advocate for the creation of either ecocide or geocide principally argue that the best place to try such crimes is through an apparatus created in a separate and environment-oriented treaty.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2019 September 17, Lauren Cochrane, “Extinction Rebellion stage funeral at London fashion week finale”, in The Guardian:", "text": "The funeral is the culmination of Extinction Rebellion’s actions at London fashion week. They also staged a die-in outside one of the show venues on Friday and a swarm outside Victoria Beckham’s show on Sunday, with protesters holding placards reading “fashion = ecocide” and “the ugly truth about fashion”.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "The complete destruction of an ecosystem due to human activities, such as due to exploitation of resources, nuclear warfare, or the dumping of harmful chemicals." ], "id": "en-ecocide-en-noun-zu0GYA~8", "links": [ [ "ecosystem", "ecosystem" ], [ "exploitation", "exploitation" ], [ "nuclear", "nuclear" ], [ "chemicals", "chemicals" ] ], "related": [ { "word": "ecophagy" } ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "geocide" } ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ], "translations": [ { "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔibāda bīʔiyya", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "إِبَادَة بِيئِيَّة" }, { "code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "ekacýd", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "экацы́д" }, { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "ekocíd", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "екоци́д" }, { "code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "生態滅絕" }, { "code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "saang¹ taai³ mit⁶ zyut⁶", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "生态灭绝" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "生態滅絕" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "shēngtài mièjué", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "生态灭绝" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "生態滅絕罪" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "shēngtài mièjué zuì", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "生态灭绝罪" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "ecocide" }, { "code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "ökotsiid" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "ympäristötuho" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "ekosidi" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "écocide" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "eḳocidi", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "ეკოციდი" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Ökozid" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Umweltzerstörung" }, { "code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "vistmorð" }, { "code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "ekosida" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ecocidio" }, { "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "ekosaido", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "エコサイド" }, { "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ekosaideu", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "에코사이드" }, { "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ekocīds" }, { "code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ekocidas" }, { "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "ekocid", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "екоцид" }, { "code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "bum-koši", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "بومکُشی" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "ekobójstwo" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ecocídio" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ekocíd", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "экоци́д" }, { "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "masculine" ], "word": "е̏коцӣд" }, { "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "Roman", "masculine" ], "word": "ȅkocīd" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ecocidio" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "miljömord" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "ekocid" }, { "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "çevre tahribatı" }, 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Equivalent to eco- + -cide.", "forms": [ { "form": "ecocides", "tags": [ "plural" ] }, { "form": "ecocidetje", "tags": [ "diminutive", "neuter" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "f", "2": "-s", "3": "+" }, "expansion": "ecocide f (plural ecocides, diminutive ecocidetje n)", "name": "nl-noun" } ], "lang": "Dutch", "lang_code": "nl", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Dutch terms prefixed with eco-", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Dutch terms suffixed with -cide", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "nl", "name": "Ecology", "orig": "nl:Ecology", "parents": [ "Biology", "Sciences", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" } ], "derived": [ { "word": "ecocidaal" } ], "glosses": [ "ecocide" ], "id": "en-ecocide-nl-noun-5iaqyggj", "links": [ [ "ecocide", "ecocide#English" ] ], "tags": [ "feminine" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˌeː.koːˈsi.də/" }, { "audio": "Nl-ecocide.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/eb/Nl-ecocide.ogg/Nl-ecocide.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Nl-ecocide.ogg" } ], "word": "ecocide" }
{ "derived": [ { "word": "ecocidaal" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "en", "3": "ecocide" }, "expansion": "English ecocide", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "eco-", "3": "-cide" }, "expansion": "eco- + -cide", "name": "af" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from English ecocide. Equivalent to eco- + -cide.", "forms": [ { "form": "ecocides", "tags": [ "plural" ] }, { "form": "ecocidetje", "tags": [ "diminutive", "neuter" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "f", "2": "-s", "3": "+" }, "expansion": "ecocide f (plural ecocides, diminutive ecocidetje n)", "name": "nl-noun" } ], "lang": "Dutch", "lang_code": "nl", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Dutch entries with incorrect language header", "Dutch feminine nouns", "Dutch lemmas", "Dutch nouns", "Dutch nouns with plural in -s", "Dutch terms borrowed from English", "Dutch terms derived from English", "Dutch terms prefixed with eco-", "Dutch terms suffixed with -cide", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "nl:Ecology" ], "glosses": [ "ecocide" ], "links": [ [ "ecocide", "ecocide#English" ] ], "tags": [ "feminine" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˌeː.koːˈsi.də/" }, { "audio": "Nl-ecocide.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/eb/Nl-ecocide.ogg/Nl-ecocide.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Nl-ecocide.ogg" } ], "word": "ecocide" } { "derived": [ { "word": "ecocidal" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "eco", "3": "cide", "id2": "killing" }, "expansion": "eco- + -cide", "name": "confix" } ], "etymology_text": "From eco- + -cide. First used in 1969 by the American plant biologist Arthur Galston to refer to the willful destruction of the environment with Agent Orange.", "forms": [ { "form": "ecocides", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "~" }, "expansion": "ecocide (countable and uncountable, plural ecocides)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "eco‧cide" ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "word": "ecophagy" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Arabic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms prefixed with eco-", "English terms suffixed with -cide (killing)", "English terms with quotations", "English uncountable nouns", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "en:Ecology" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "[1997, Virginia Journal of International Law, volume 38, page 377:", "text": "Two common terms used to characterize injuries to the environment include “geocide” and “ecocide,” terms particularly applicable to rain forest damage because it is irreparable.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2013, Alexandra R. Harrington, “The Crime of Aggression and Threats to the Future”, in Sébastien Jodoin, Marie-Claire Cordonier Segger, editors, Sustainable Development, International Criminal Justice, and Treaty Implementation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 161–162:", "text": "It has also been suggested that environmental crimes might include the proposed crime of ‘ecocide’ or ‘geocide’, with proponents of this view attempting to draw parallels between destructive acts towards the environment and those against the qualifying groups for genocide. […] [M]any who advocate for the creation of either ecocide or geocide principally argue that the best place to try such crimes is through an apparatus created in a separate and environment-oriented treaty.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2019 September 17, Lauren Cochrane, “Extinction Rebellion stage funeral at London fashion week finale”, in The Guardian:", "text": "The funeral is the culmination of Extinction Rebellion’s actions at London fashion week. They also staged a die-in outside one of the show venues on Friday and a swarm outside Victoria Beckham’s show on Sunday, with protesters holding placards reading “fashion = ecocide” and “the ugly truth about fashion”.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "The complete destruction of an ecosystem due to human activities, such as due to exploitation of resources, nuclear warfare, or the dumping of harmful chemicals." ], "links": [ [ "ecosystem", "ecosystem" ], [ "exploitation", "exploitation" ], [ "nuclear", "nuclear" ], [ "chemicals", "chemicals" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "geocide" } ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ], "wikipedia": [ "Arthur Galston" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈiːkəʊsaɪd/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "audio": "En-us-ecocide.oga", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/aa/En-us-ecocide.oga/En-us-ecocide.oga.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/En-us-ecocide.oga" } ], "translations": [ { "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔibāda bīʔiyya", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "إِبَادَة بِيئِيَّة" }, { "code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "ekacýd", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "экацы́д" }, { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "ekocíd", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "екоци́д" }, { "code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "生態滅絕" }, { "code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "saang¹ taai³ mit⁶ zyut⁶", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "生态灭绝" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "生態滅絕" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "shēngtài mièjué", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "生态灭绝" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "生態滅絕罪" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "shēngtài mièjué zuì", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "生态灭绝罪" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "ecocide" }, { "code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "ökotsiid" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "ympäristötuho" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "ekosidi" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "écocide" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "eḳocidi", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "ეკოციდი" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Ökozid" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Umweltzerstörung" }, { "code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "vistmorð" }, { "code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "ekosida" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ecocidio" }, { "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "ekosaido", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "エコサイド" }, { "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ekosaideu", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "에코사이드" }, { "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ekocīds" }, { "code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ekocidas" }, { "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "ekocid", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "екоцид" }, { "code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "bum-koši", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "بومکُشی" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "ekobójstwo" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ecocídio" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ekocíd", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "экоци́д" }, { "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "masculine" ], "word": "е̏коцӣд" }, { "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "Roman", "masculine" ], "word": "ȅkocīd" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ecocidio" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "miljömord" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "ekocid" }, { "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "word": "çevre tahribatı" }, { "code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "ekocýd", "sense": "destruction of an ecosystem", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "екоци́д" } ], "word": "ecocide" }
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