See dzelzs on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰelgʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "iron"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰelgʰ- (“iron”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "geležìs"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian geleži̇̀s",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "gelso"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian gelso",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "желѣзо"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic желѣзо (želězo)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "железо"
},
"expansion": "Russian железо (železo)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "χαλκός",
"3": "",
"4": "copper, bronze"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek χαλκός (khalkós, “copper, bronze”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *gʰelgʰ- (“iron”) (which was apparently borrowed from Asia Minor). Initially the Latvian reflex was dzelzis, which still exists (as a masculine, 2nd declension, usually plural noun) with the meaning “piece(s) of iron”. Cognates include Lithuanian geleži̇̀s, Old Prussian gelso (< *gelzā), Old Church Slavonic желѣзо (želězo), Russian железо (železo), and perhaps Ancient Greek χαλκός (khalkós, “copper, bronze”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dzelzs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dzelzs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dzelzij",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dzelzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dzelzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dzelzī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dzelzs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "dzelzs f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "6th"
},
"expansion": "dzelzs f (6th declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dzel",
"2": "s",
"3": "6th",
"4": "no-pl",
"5": "z",
"6": "z",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dzel",
"2": "s",
"4": "no-pl",
"5": "z",
"6": "z",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-6"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dzelzs",
"10": "-",
"11": "dzelzī",
"12": "-",
"13": "dzelzs",
"14": "-",
"2": "-",
"3": "dzelzi",
"4": "-",
"5": "dzelzs",
"6": "-",
"7": "dzelzij",
"8": "-",
"9": "dzelzi",
"type": "6th declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dzelži"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tērauds"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "čuguns"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ķets"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 29 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 30 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Chemical elements",
"orig": "lv:Chemical elements",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 43 17",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Metals",
"orig": "lv:Metals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron ore",
"text": "dzelzs rūda",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron mining",
"text": "dzelzs ieguve",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron compounds",
"text": "dzelzs savienojumi",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron corrosion",
"text": "dzelzs korozija",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"iron (chemical element)"
],
"id": "en-dzelzs-lv-noun-OGs76fKt",
"links": [
[
"iron",
"iron"
],
[
"chemical element",
"chemical element#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-6",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 57 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 88 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 89 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 43 17",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Metals",
"orig": "lv:Metals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
8,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
15
]
],
"english": "welding iron",
"text": "metināmā dzelzs",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron gate, door",
"text": "dzelzs vārti, durvis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron scraps",
"text": "dzelzs lūžņi",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
8,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
20
]
],
"english": "made of iron",
"text": "izgatavots no dzelzs",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
4,
8
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "the Iron Age",
"text": "dzelzs laikmets",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"materials containing iron, iron alloys; (used adjectivally) made of such materials"
],
"id": "en-dzelzs-lv-noun-P8gzuFVK",
"links": [
[
"material",
"material"
],
[
"iron",
"iron"
],
[
"alloy",
"alloy"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-6",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 34 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 43 17",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Metals",
"orig": "lv:Metals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron health",
"text": "dzelzs veselība",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron nature, character",
"text": "dzelzs raksturs",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron will",
"text": "dzelzs griba",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron discipline",
"text": "dzelzs disciplīna",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron logics",
"text": "dzelzs loģika",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron order",
"text": "dzelzs kārtība",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"very strong, resistant (of body, health, etc.); powerful, strong, unassailable (of will, character, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-dzelzs-lv-noun-oxTbCWBM",
"links": [
[
"unassailable",
"unassailable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(used adjectivally) very strong, resistant (of body, health, etc.); powerful, strong, unassailable (of will, character, etc.)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"used adjectivally"
],
"tags": [
"declension-6",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[dzɛ̀ls]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-dzelzs.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/Lv-riga-dzelzs.ogg/Lv-riga-dzelzs.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Lv-riga-dzelzs.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:dzelzs"
],
"word": "dzelzs"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian feminine nouns",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian noun forms",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian sixth declension nouns",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian words with falling intonation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"lv:Chemical elements",
"lv:Metals"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰelgʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "iron"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰelgʰ- (“iron”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "geležìs"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian geleži̇̀s",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "gelso"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian gelso",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "желѣзо"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic желѣзо (želězo)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "железо"
},
"expansion": "Russian железо (železo)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "χαλκός",
"3": "",
"4": "copper, bronze"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek χαλκός (khalkós, “copper, bronze”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *gʰelgʰ- (“iron”) (which was apparently borrowed from Asia Minor). Initially the Latvian reflex was dzelzis, which still exists (as a masculine, 2nd declension, usually plural noun) with the meaning “piece(s) of iron”. Cognates include Lithuanian geleži̇̀s, Old Prussian gelso (< *gelzā), Old Church Slavonic желѣзо (želězo), Russian железо (železo), and perhaps Ancient Greek χαλκός (khalkós, “copper, bronze”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dzelzs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dzelzs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dzelzij",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dzelzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dzelzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dzelzī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dzelzs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "dzelzs f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "6th"
},
"expansion": "dzelzs f (6th declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dzel",
"2": "s",
"3": "6th",
"4": "no-pl",
"5": "z",
"6": "z",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dzel",
"2": "s",
"4": "no-pl",
"5": "z",
"6": "z",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-6"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dzelzs",
"10": "-",
"11": "dzelzī",
"12": "-",
"13": "dzelzs",
"14": "-",
"2": "-",
"3": "dzelzi",
"4": "-",
"5": "dzelzs",
"6": "-",
"7": "dzelzij",
"8": "-",
"9": "dzelzi",
"type": "6th declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "dzelži"
},
{
"word": "tērauds"
},
{
"word": "čuguns"
},
{
"word": "ķets"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron ore",
"text": "dzelzs rūda",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron mining",
"text": "dzelzs ieguve",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron compounds",
"text": "dzelzs savienojumi",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron corrosion",
"text": "dzelzs korozija",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"iron (chemical element)"
],
"links": [
[
"iron",
"iron"
],
[
"chemical element",
"chemical element#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-6",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
8,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
15
]
],
"english": "welding iron",
"text": "metināmā dzelzs",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron gate, door",
"text": "dzelzs vārti, durvis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron scraps",
"text": "dzelzs lūžņi",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
8,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
20
]
],
"english": "made of iron",
"text": "izgatavots no dzelzs",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
4,
8
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "the Iron Age",
"text": "dzelzs laikmets",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"materials containing iron, iron alloys; (used adjectivally) made of such materials"
],
"links": [
[
"material",
"material"
],
[
"iron",
"iron"
],
[
"alloy",
"alloy"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-6",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron health",
"text": "dzelzs veselība",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron nature, character",
"text": "dzelzs raksturs",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron will",
"text": "dzelzs griba",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron discipline",
"text": "dzelzs disciplīna",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron logics",
"text": "dzelzs loģika",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "iron order",
"text": "dzelzs kārtība",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"very strong, resistant (of body, health, etc.); powerful, strong, unassailable (of will, character, etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"unassailable",
"unassailable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(used adjectivally) very strong, resistant (of body, health, etc.); powerful, strong, unassailable (of will, character, etc.)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"used adjectivally"
],
"tags": [
"declension-6",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[dzɛ̀ls]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-dzelzs.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/Lv-riga-dzelzs.ogg/Lv-riga-dzelzs.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Lv-riga-dzelzs.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:dzelzs"
],
"word": "dzelzs"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dzelzs meaning in All languages combined (7.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (c3cc510 and 1d3fdbf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.