"drāna" meaning in All languages combined

See drāna on Wiktionary

Noun [Latvian]

IPA: [drāːna] Audio: lv-riga-drāna.ogg
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *der-, *dr- (“to tear, rip, split”) (whence also dīrāt (“to skin, flay”)), with a suffix *-eh₂, yielding *dr-eh₂ > drā-, and another suffix, either *-no-/*-nā-, or (according to Pokorny) *-p-an, with the p later reducing to zero (but still conserved in the Lithuanian and Sanskrit cognates). The semantic evolution was probably: “to skin” > “skin, fur” > “fabric”. Cognates include Lithuanian drãpana (“clothes, costume”) (dialectal also “handkerchief”, “piece of cloth”), Sanskrit द्रापिः (drāpíḥ, “coat, attire”). Etymology templates: {{der|lv|ine-pro|*der-}} Proto-Indo-European *der-, {{m|ine-pro|*dr-||to tear, rip, split}} *dr- (“to tear, rip, split”), {{m|lv|dīrāt||to skin, flay}} dīrāt (“to skin, flay”), {{cog|lt|-}} Lithuanian, {{cog|sa|-}} Sanskrit, {{cog|lt|drãpana||clothes, costume}} Lithuanian drãpana (“clothes, costume”), {{cog|sa|द्रापिः||coat, attire|tr=drāpíḥ}} Sanskrit द्रापिः (drāpíḥ, “coat, attire”) Head templates: {{head|lv|noun|g=f|g2=|head=|sort=}} drāna f, {{lv-noun|f|4th}} drāna f (4th declension) Inflection templates: {{lv-decl-noun|drān|a|4th}}, {{lv-decl-noun-4|drān|a|4=|5=|6=|7=|8=|drop-v=|keep-s=|x=0}}, {{lv-decl-noun-table|drāna|drānas|drānu|drānas|drānas|drānu|drānai|drānām|drānu|drānām|drānā|drānās|drāna|drānas|16=|type=4th declension|x=0}} Forms: declension-4 [table-tags], drāna [nominative, singular], drānas [nominative, plural], drānu [accusative, singular], drānas [accusative, plural], drānas [genitive, singular], drānu [genitive, plural], drānai [dative, singular], drānām [dative, plural], drānu [instrumental, singular], drānām [instrumental, plural], drānā [locative, singular], drānās [locative, plural], drāna [singular, vocative], drānas [plural, vocative]
  1. fabric (cloth, material made of fibers) Tags: declension-4, feminine Categories (topical): Sewing Synonyms (fabric): audums
    Sense id: en-drāna-lv-noun-i3c3n8co Disambiguation of Sewing: 51 5 43 Categories (other): Latvian entries with incorrect language header, Latvian entries with topic categories using raw markup, Latvian etymologies from LEV, Latvian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Latvian words with level intonation Disambiguation of Latvian entries with incorrect language header: 57 2 41 Disambiguation of Latvian entries with topic categories using raw markup: 59 4 37 Disambiguation of Latvian etymologies from LEV: 58 6 36 Disambiguation of Latvian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 55 4 41 Disambiguation of Latvian words with level intonation: 46 15 39 Disambiguation of 'fabric': 85 6 8
  2. piece of cloth, handkerchief Tags: declension-4, feminine
    Sense id: en-drāna-lv-noun-mtCdrtQt Categories (other): Latvian words with level intonation Disambiguation of Latvian words with level intonation: 46 15 39
  3. (only plural) clothes, garments Tags: declension-4, feminine, plural Categories (topical): Clothing, Sewing Synonyms (clothes): drēbe
    Sense id: en-drāna-lv-noun-QjtWTzTd Disambiguation of Clothing: 27 27 46 Disambiguation of Sewing: 51 5 43 Categories (other): Latvian words with level intonation Disambiguation of Latvian words with level intonation: 46 15 39 Disambiguation of 'clothes': 11 9 80
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: spilvendrāna

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for drāna meaning in All languages combined (6.9kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "spilvendrāna"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*der-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *der-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dr-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to tear, rip, split"
      },
      "expansion": "*dr- (“to tear, rip, split”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "dīrāt",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to skin, flay"
      },
      "expansion": "dīrāt (“to skin, flay”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "drãpana",
        "3": "",
        "4": "clothes, costume"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian drãpana (“clothes, costume”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "द्रापिः",
        "3": "",
        "4": "coat, attire",
        "tr": "drāpíḥ"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit द्रापिः (drāpíḥ, “coat, attire”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *der-, *dr- (“to tear, rip, split”) (whence also dīrāt (“to skin, flay”)), with a suffix *-eh₂, yielding *dr-eh₂ > drā-, and another suffix, either *-no-/*-nā-, or (according to Pokorny) *-p-an, with the p later reducing to zero (but still conserved in the Lithuanian and Sanskrit cognates). The semantic evolution was probably: “to skin” > “skin, fur” > “fabric”. Cognates include Lithuanian drãpana (“clothes, costume”) (dialectal also “handkerchief”, “piece of cloth”), Sanskrit द्रापिः (drāpíḥ, “coat, attire”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "declension-4",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "4th declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drāna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drāna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "drāna f",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "4th"
      },
      "expansion": "drāna f (4th declension)",
      "name": "lv-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drān",
        "2": "a",
        "3": "4th"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drān",
        "2": "a",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "drop-v": "",
        "keep-s": "",
        "x": "0"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-noun-4"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drāna",
        "10": "drānām",
        "11": "drānā",
        "12": "drānās",
        "13": "drāna",
        "14": "drānas",
        "16": "",
        "2": "drānas",
        "3": "drānu",
        "4": "drānas",
        "5": "drānas",
        "6": "drānu",
        "7": "drānai",
        "8": "drānām",
        "9": "drānu",
        "type": "4th declension",
        "x": "0"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "57 2 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 4 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 6 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 4 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 15 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with level intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "51 5 43",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "lv",
          "name": "Sewing",
          "orig": "lv:Sewing",
          "parents": [
            "Crafts",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "wool, slik, linen cloth",
          "text": "vilnas, zīda, linu drāna",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "curtain cloth",
          "text": "aizkaru drāna",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "checked fabric",
          "text": "rūtota drāna",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "fabric (cloth, material made of fibers)"
      ],
      "id": "en-drāna-lv-noun-i3c3n8co",
      "links": [
        [
          "fabric",
          "fabric"
        ],
        [
          "cloth",
          "cloth#English"
        ],
        [
          "material",
          "material#English"
        ],
        [
          "fiber",
          "fiber#English"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "85 6 8",
          "sense": "fabric",
          "word": "audums"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-4",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 15 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with level intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "pocket handkerchief",
          "text": "kabatas drāna",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "piece of cloth, handkerchief"
      ],
      "id": "en-drāna-lv-noun-mtCdrtQt",
      "links": [
        [
          "piece",
          "piece"
        ],
        [
          "cloth",
          "cloth"
        ],
        [
          "handkerchief",
          "handkerchief"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-4",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 15 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with level intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 27 46",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "lv",
          "name": "Clothing",
          "orig": "lv:Clothing",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "51 5 43",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "lv",
          "name": "Sewing",
          "orig": "lv:Sewing",
          "parents": [
            "Crafts",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to dress in bright clothes",
          "text": "ģērbties gaišās drānās",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "clothes, garments"
      ],
      "id": "en-drāna-lv-noun-QjtWTzTd",
      "links": [
        [
          "clothes",
          "clothes"
        ],
        [
          "garments",
          "garments"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(only plural) clothes, garments"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "11 9 80",
          "sense": "clothes",
          "word": "drēbe"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-4",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[drāːna]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "lv-riga-drāna.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/43/Lv-riga-dr%C4%81na.ogg/Lv-riga-dr%C4%81na.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Lv-riga-dr%C4%81na.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "drāna"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latvian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
    "Latvian feminine nouns",
    "Latvian fourth declension nouns",
    "Latvian lemmas",
    "Latvian nouns",
    "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latvian terms with audio links",
    "Latvian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Latvian words with level intonation",
    "lv:Clothing",
    "lv:Sewing"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "spilvendrāna"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*der-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *der-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dr-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to tear, rip, split"
      },
      "expansion": "*dr- (“to tear, rip, split”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "dīrāt",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to skin, flay"
      },
      "expansion": "dīrāt (“to skin, flay”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "drãpana",
        "3": "",
        "4": "clothes, costume"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian drãpana (“clothes, costume”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "द्रापिः",
        "3": "",
        "4": "coat, attire",
        "tr": "drāpíḥ"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit द्रापिः (drāpíḥ, “coat, attire”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *der-, *dr- (“to tear, rip, split”) (whence also dīrāt (“to skin, flay”)), with a suffix *-eh₂, yielding *dr-eh₂ > drā-, and another suffix, either *-no-/*-nā-, or (according to Pokorny) *-p-an, with the p later reducing to zero (but still conserved in the Lithuanian and Sanskrit cognates). The semantic evolution was probably: “to skin” > “skin, fur” > “fabric”. Cognates include Lithuanian drãpana (“clothes, costume”) (dialectal also “handkerchief”, “piece of cloth”), Sanskrit द्रापिः (drāpíḥ, “coat, attire”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "declension-4",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "4th declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drāna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drāna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drānas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "drāna f",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "4th"
      },
      "expansion": "drāna f (4th declension)",
      "name": "lv-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drān",
        "2": "a",
        "3": "4th"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drān",
        "2": "a",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "drop-v": "",
        "keep-s": "",
        "x": "0"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-noun-4"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drāna",
        "10": "drānām",
        "11": "drānā",
        "12": "drānās",
        "13": "drāna",
        "14": "drānas",
        "16": "",
        "2": "drānas",
        "3": "drānu",
        "4": "drānas",
        "5": "drānas",
        "6": "drānu",
        "7": "drānai",
        "8": "drānām",
        "9": "drānu",
        "type": "4th declension",
        "x": "0"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "wool, slik, linen cloth",
          "text": "vilnas, zīda, linu drāna",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "curtain cloth",
          "text": "aizkaru drāna",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "checked fabric",
          "text": "rūtota drāna",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "fabric (cloth, material made of fibers)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fabric",
          "fabric"
        ],
        [
          "cloth",
          "cloth#English"
        ],
        [
          "material",
          "material#English"
        ],
        [
          "fiber",
          "fiber#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-4",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "pocket handkerchief",
          "text": "kabatas drāna",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "piece of cloth, handkerchief"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "piece",
          "piece"
        ],
        [
          "cloth",
          "cloth"
        ],
        [
          "handkerchief",
          "handkerchief"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-4",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to dress in bright clothes",
          "text": "ģērbties gaišās drānās",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "clothes, garments"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "clothes",
          "clothes"
        ],
        [
          "garments",
          "garments"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(only plural) clothes, garments"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-4",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[drāːna]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "lv-riga-drāna.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/43/Lv-riga-dr%C4%81na.ogg/Lv-riga-dr%C4%81na.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Lv-riga-dr%C4%81na.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "fabric",
      "word": "audums"
    },
    {
      "sense": "clothes",
      "word": "drēbe"
    }
  ],
  "word": "drāna"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.