See dogfish on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Deania profundorum",
"word": "arrowhead dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "Scymnodalatias garricki",
"word": "Azores dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Centroscyllium kamoharai",
"word": "bareskin dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Deania calcea",
"word": "birdbeak dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Centroscyllium fabricii",
"word": "black dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Etmopterus gracilispinis",
"word": "broadband dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Scyliorhinus retifer",
"word": "chain dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Centroscyllium nigrum",
"word": "combtooth dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Squalus cubensis",
"word": "Cuban dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Centrophorus squamosus",
"word": "deepwater spiny dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "a grunt native to coral reefs of the western Pacific Ocean",
"taxonomic": "Plectorhinchus lineatus",
"word": "dogfish orientalis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dogfish shark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Centroscyllium granulatum",
"word": "granular dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Scyliorhinus stellaris",
"word": "greater spotted dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Centrophorus harrissoni",
"word": "Harrison's dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Centroscyllium excelsum",
"word": "highfin dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Aculeola nigra",
"word": "hooktooth dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "Zameus ichiharai",
"word": "Japanese velvet dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "Scymnodon ringens",
"word": "knifetooth dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "Proscymnodon macracanthus",
"word": "largespine velvet dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Scyliorhinus canicula",
"word": "lesser spotted dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Centroselachus crepidater",
"word": "longnose velvet dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Deania quadrispinosa",
"word": "longsnout dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Cirrhigaleus barbifer",
"word": "mandarin dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Centrophorus granulosus",
"word": "needle dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Centroscyllium ornatum",
"word": "ornate dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Plunket's dogfish (Centroscymnus plunketi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Centroscymnus coelolepis",
"word": "Portuguese dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Oxynotus bruniensis",
"word": "prickly dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "alternately known as Miroscyllium sheikoi",
"word": "rasptooth dogfish (Etmopterus sheikoi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Deania hystricosa",
"word": "rough longnose shark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Centroscymnus owstonii",
"word": "roughskin dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "Scymnodalatias sherwoodi",
"word": "sherwood dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Centroscymnus owstonii",
"word": "shortnose velvet dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Mustelus canis",
"word": "smooth dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Centrophorus zeehaani",
"word": "southern dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Cirrhigaleus australis",
"word": "southern Mandarin dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "Scymnodalatias oligodon",
"word": "sparsetooth dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Squalus acanthias",
"word": "spiny dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Squalus formosus",
"word": "Taiwanese dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "Zameus squamulosus",
"word": "velvet dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "Trigonognathus kabeyai",
"word": "viper dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "Scymnodalatias albicauda",
"word": "whitetail dogfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Centroscyllium ritteri",
"word": "whitefin dogfish"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dog",
"3": "fish"
},
"expansion": "dog + fish",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "σκυλόψαρο",
"t": "dogfish"
},
"expansion": "Greek σκυλόψαρο (skylópsaro, “dogfish”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "canicula",
"lit": "little dog",
"t": "dogfish"
},
"expansion": "Latin canicula (“dogfish”, literally “little dog”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pescecane",
"3": "",
"4": "dogfish"
},
"expansion": "Italian pescecane (“dogfish”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "chien de mer",
"lit": "dog of the sea"
},
"expansion": "French chien de mer (literally “dog of the sea”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Meerhund",
"lit": "seadog"
},
"expansion": "German Meerhund (literally “seadog”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "seadog"
},
"expansion": "English seadog",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "kelb il-baħar",
"lit": "dog of the sea"
},
"expansion": "Maltese kelb il-baħar (literally “dog of the sea”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "köpek balığı",
"3": "",
"4": "shark"
},
"expansion": "Turkish köpek balığı (“shark”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From dog + fish. Compare Greek σκυλόψαρο (skylópsaro, “dogfish”), Latin canicula (“dogfish”, literally “little dog”), Italian pescecane (“dogfish”), French chien de mer (literally “dog of the sea”), German Meerhund (literally “seadog”) and Hundfisch (“dogfish”), and English seadog. For non-Indo-European cognates, see Maltese kelb il-baħar (literally “dog of the sea”) and Turkish köpek balığı (“shark”), likely calques from Indo-European languages.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dogfish",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dogfishes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dogfish",
"2": "+"
},
"expansion": "dogfish (plural dogfish or dogfishes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "salmon family",
"taxonomic": "Oncorhynchus keta",
"word": "dog salmon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "catfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "flake"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "sharks in genus Mustelus",
"word": "smooth hound"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "waterdog"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"especially those from the family Squalidae"
],
"id": "en-dogfish-en-noun-PWYxl5IS",
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
],
[
"Squalidae",
"Squalidae#Translingual"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "34 8 13 4 5 4 4 4 5 3 7 3 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "shark in family Squalidae",
"word": "piikkihai"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 8 13 4 5 4 4 4 5 3 7 3 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "shark in family Squalidae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Dornhai"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 8 13 4 5 4 4 4 5 3 7 3 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "skúlion",
"sense": "shark in family Squalidae",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "σκύλιον"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 8 13 4 5 4 4 4 5 3 7 3 4",
"code": "nuk",
"lang": "Nootka",
"sense": "shark in family Squalidae",
"word": "yačaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 8 13 4 5 4 4 4 5 3 7 3 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "shark in family Squalidae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "galhudo"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 8 13 4 5 4 4 4 5 3 7 3 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "shark in family Squalidae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esqualídeo"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 8 13 4 5 4 4 4 5 3 7 3 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "shark in family Squalidae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cação"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 8 13 4 5 4 4 4 5 3 7 3 4",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "shark in family Squalidae",
"word": "bilingbiling"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"a catshark, any shark from family Scyliorhinidae"
],
"id": "en-dogfish-en-noun-ZFeopn~2",
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
],
[
"catshark",
"catshark"
],
[
"Scyliorhinidae",
"Scyliorhinidae#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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{
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"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
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"name": "Pages with entries",
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{
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{
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"parents": [],
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{
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{
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"parents": [],
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{
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"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "5 10 28 5 5 5 5 6 5 5 6 5 10",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"parents": [],
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{
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{
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"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 20 6 8 6 6 8 8 4 8 4 8",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Holostean fish",
"orig": "en:Holostean fish",
"parents": [
"Fish",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 11 8 8 8 8 9 8 8 8 8 3",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sharks",
"orig": "en:Sharks",
"parents": [
"Fish",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"a kitefin shark, any shark from family Dalatiidae"
],
"id": "en-dogfish-en-noun-TG8~vYas",
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
],
[
"kitefin shark",
"kitefin shark"
],
[
"Dalatiidae",
"Dalatiidae#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 14 11 7 5 11 6 7 4 6 4 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"Scyliorhinus canicula or Scyliorhinus stellaris"
],
"id": "en-dogfish-en-noun-c3Jd0Hsl",
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
],
[
"Scyliorhinus canicula",
"Scyliorhinus canicula#Translingual"
],
[
"Scyliorhinus stellaris",
"Scyliorhinus stellaris#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"(UK) Scyliorhinus canicula or Scyliorhinus stellaris"
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"Scyliorhinus canicula"
],
"id": "en-dogfish-en-noun-S4JhwYK~",
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
],
[
"Scyliorhinus canicula",
"Scyliorhinus canicula#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"(Azores Is.) Scyliorhinus canicula"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Canadian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"Squalus suckleyi"
],
"id": "en-dogfish-en-noun-WGX3qPFo",
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"(Canada) Squalus suckleyi"
],
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bermudian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 14 11 7 5 11 6 7 4 6 4 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"Mustelus canis"
],
"id": "en-dogfish-en-noun-S-tXQzIR",
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
]
],
"qualifier": "Bermuda",
"raw_glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"(Bermuda) Mustelus canis"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Barbadian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"Bodianus rufus"
],
"id": "en-dogfish-en-noun-LdtN0tpc",
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"(Barbados) Bodianus rufus"
],
"tags": [
"Barbados"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Guyanese English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"Ginglymostoma cirratum or Mustelus canis"
],
"id": "en-dogfish-en-noun-GoGPXgZb",
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"(Guyana) Ginglymostoma cirratum or Mustelus canis"
],
"tags": [
"Guyana"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Trinidad and Tobago English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"Ginglymostoma cirratum"
],
"id": "en-dogfish-en-noun-eUVAxw4b",
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"(Trinidad and Tobago) Ginglymostoma cirratum"
],
"tags": [
"Trinidad-and-Tobago"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Namibian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"Squalus acanthias, Squalus blainville, Squalus megalops, or Squalus mitsukurii"
],
"id": "en-dogfish-en-noun-T2OBOzeM",
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
],
[
"Squalus acanthias",
"Squalus acanthias#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"(Namibia) Squalus acanthias, Squalus blainville, Squalus megalops, or Squalus mitsukurii"
],
"tags": [
"Namibia"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1995 December 26, William J. Broad, “Creatures of the Deep Find Their Way to the Table”, in The New York Times:",
"text": "Off the United States, the National Marine Fisheries Service is helping industry explore fisheries for deep shrimp, rattails, chimeras, orange roughy, smoothheads, slackjaw eels, blue hake, skates and dogfish, which the National Fisheries Institute, an industry group, in an effort to improve their marketability, has renamed cape shark.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks"
],
"id": "en-dogfish-en-noun-8OgR-RZQ",
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 14 11 7 5 11 6 7 4 6 4 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 15 9 7 5 9 6 7 4 6 4 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1967, George K. Reid, edited by Herbert S. Zim and George S. Fichter, Pond Life, New York: Golden Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 128:",
"text": "Bowfins, sometimes called Dog-fish, live in sluggish waters throughout eastern N.A.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The bowfin, Amia calva."
],
"id": "en-dogfish-en-noun-3A0CLYLf",
"links": [
[
"bowfin",
"bowfin"
],
[
"Amia calva",
"Amia calva#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US) The bowfin, Amia calva."
],
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "seadog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dog-fish"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 0",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "köpek balığı",
"sense": "small shark",
"word": "كوپك بالغی"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "small shark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cação"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "small shark",
"word": "cazón"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 15 13 6 6 6 7 7 8 6 7 6 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "small sharks of the Scyliorhinidae, Dalatiidae and Squalidae families",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "Dornhaiartige"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 15 13 6 6 6 7 7 8 6 7 6 3",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "galeós",
"sense": "small sharks of the Scyliorhinidae, Dalatiidae and Squalidae families",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "γαλεός"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 15 13 6 6 6 7 7 8 6 7 6 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "small sharks of the Scyliorhinidae, Dalatiidae and Squalidae families",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fíogach"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 15 13 6 6 6 7 7 8 6 7 6 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "small sharks of the Scyliorhinidae, Dalatiidae and Squalidae families",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pescecane"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 15 13 6 6 6 7 7 8 6 7 6 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "small sharks of the Scyliorhinidae, Dalatiidae and Squalidae families",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cação"
}
],
"word": "dogfish"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English indeclinable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Cornish translations",
"Requests for review of Greek translations",
"Requests for review of Icelandic translations",
"Requests for review of Irish translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Requests for review of Manx translations",
"Requests for review of Maori translations",
"Requests for review of Russian translations",
"Requests for review of Welsh translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Nootka translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Holostean fish",
"en:Sharks"
],
"derived": [
{
"taxonomic": "Deania profundorum",
"word": "arrowhead dogfish"
},
{
"alt": "Scymnodalatias garricki",
"word": "Azores dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Centroscyllium kamoharai",
"word": "bareskin dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Deania calcea",
"word": "birdbeak dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Centroscyllium fabricii",
"word": "black dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Etmopterus gracilispinis",
"word": "broadband dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Scyliorhinus retifer",
"word": "chain dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Centroscyllium nigrum",
"word": "combtooth dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Squalus cubensis",
"word": "Cuban dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Centrophorus squamosus",
"word": "deepwater spiny dogfish"
},
{
"english": "a grunt native to coral reefs of the western Pacific Ocean",
"taxonomic": "Plectorhinchus lineatus",
"word": "dogfish orientalis"
},
{
"word": "dogfish shark"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Centroscyllium granulatum",
"word": "granular dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Scyliorhinus stellaris",
"word": "greater spotted dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Centrophorus harrissoni",
"word": "Harrison's dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Centroscyllium excelsum",
"word": "highfin dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Aculeola nigra",
"word": "hooktooth dogfish"
},
{
"alt": "Zameus ichiharai",
"word": "Japanese velvet dogfish"
},
{
"alt": "Scymnodon ringens",
"word": "knifetooth dogfish"
},
{
"alt": "Proscymnodon macracanthus",
"word": "largespine velvet dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Scyliorhinus canicula",
"word": "lesser spotted dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Centroselachus crepidater",
"word": "longnose velvet dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Deania quadrispinosa",
"word": "longsnout dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Cirrhigaleus barbifer",
"word": "mandarin dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Centrophorus granulosus",
"word": "needle dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Centroscyllium ornatum",
"word": "ornate dogfish"
},
{
"word": "Plunket's dogfish (Centroscymnus plunketi"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Centroscymnus coelolepis",
"word": "Portuguese dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Oxynotus bruniensis",
"word": "prickly dogfish"
},
{
"english": "alternately known as Miroscyllium sheikoi",
"word": "rasptooth dogfish (Etmopterus sheikoi"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Deania hystricosa",
"word": "rough longnose shark"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Centroscymnus owstonii",
"word": "roughskin dogfish"
},
{
"alt": "Scymnodalatias sherwoodi",
"word": "sherwood dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Centroscymnus owstonii",
"word": "shortnose velvet dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Mustelus canis",
"word": "smooth dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Centrophorus zeehaani",
"word": "southern dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Cirrhigaleus australis",
"word": "southern Mandarin dogfish"
},
{
"alt": "Scymnodalatias oligodon",
"word": "sparsetooth dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Squalus acanthias",
"word": "spiny dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Squalus formosus",
"word": "Taiwanese dogfish"
},
{
"alt": "Zameus squamulosus",
"word": "velvet dogfish"
},
{
"alt": "Trigonognathus kabeyai",
"word": "viper dogfish"
},
{
"alt": "Scymnodalatias albicauda",
"word": "whitetail dogfish"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Centroscyllium ritteri",
"word": "whitefin dogfish"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dog",
"3": "fish"
},
"expansion": "dog + fish",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "σκυλόψαρο",
"t": "dogfish"
},
"expansion": "Greek σκυλόψαρο (skylópsaro, “dogfish”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "canicula",
"lit": "little dog",
"t": "dogfish"
},
"expansion": "Latin canicula (“dogfish”, literally “little dog”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pescecane",
"3": "",
"4": "dogfish"
},
"expansion": "Italian pescecane (“dogfish”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "chien de mer",
"lit": "dog of the sea"
},
"expansion": "French chien de mer (literally “dog of the sea”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Meerhund",
"lit": "seadog"
},
"expansion": "German Meerhund (literally “seadog”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "seadog"
},
"expansion": "English seadog",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "kelb il-baħar",
"lit": "dog of the sea"
},
"expansion": "Maltese kelb il-baħar (literally “dog of the sea”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "köpek balığı",
"3": "",
"4": "shark"
},
"expansion": "Turkish köpek balığı (“shark”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From dog + fish. Compare Greek σκυλόψαρο (skylópsaro, “dogfish”), Latin canicula (“dogfish”, literally “little dog”), Italian pescecane (“dogfish”), French chien de mer (literally “dog of the sea”), German Meerhund (literally “seadog”) and Hundfisch (“dogfish”), and English seadog. For non-Indo-European cognates, see Maltese kelb il-baħar (literally “dog of the sea”) and Turkish köpek balığı (“shark”), likely calques from Indo-European languages.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dogfish",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dogfishes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dogfish",
"2": "+"
},
"expansion": "dogfish (plural dogfish or dogfishes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "salmon family",
"taxonomic": "Oncorhynchus keta",
"word": "dog salmon"
},
{
"word": "catfish"
},
{
"word": "flake"
},
{
"english": "sharks in genus Mustelus",
"word": "smooth hound"
},
{
"word": "waterdog"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"especially those from the family Squalidae"
],
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
],
[
"Squalidae",
"Squalidae#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"a catshark, any shark from family Scyliorhinidae"
],
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
],
[
"catshark",
"catshark"
],
[
"Scyliorhinidae",
"Scyliorhinidae#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"a kitefin shark, any shark from family Dalatiidae"
],
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
],
[
"kitefin shark",
"kitefin shark"
],
[
"Dalatiidae",
"Dalatiidae#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"Scyliorhinus canicula or Scyliorhinus stellaris"
],
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
],
[
"Scyliorhinus canicula",
"Scyliorhinus canicula#Translingual"
],
[
"Scyliorhinus stellaris",
"Scyliorhinus stellaris#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"(UK) Scyliorhinus canicula or Scyliorhinus stellaris"
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"Scyliorhinus canicula"
],
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
],
[
"Scyliorhinus canicula",
"Scyliorhinus canicula#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"(Azores Is.) Scyliorhinus canicula"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Canadian English",
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"Squalus suckleyi"
],
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"(Canada) Squalus suckleyi"
],
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bermudian English",
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"Mustelus canis"
],
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
]
],
"qualifier": "Bermuda",
"raw_glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"(Bermuda) Mustelus canis"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Barbadian English",
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"Bodianus rufus"
],
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"(Barbados) Bodianus rufus"
],
"tags": [
"Barbados"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Guyanese English"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"Ginglymostoma cirratum or Mustelus canis"
],
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"(Guyana) Ginglymostoma cirratum or Mustelus canis"
],
"tags": [
"Guyana"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Trinidad and Tobago English"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"Ginglymostoma cirratum"
],
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"(Trinidad and Tobago) Ginglymostoma cirratum"
],
"tags": [
"Trinidad-and-Tobago"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Namibian English"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"Squalus acanthias, Squalus blainville, Squalus megalops, or Squalus mitsukurii"
],
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
],
[
"Squalus acanthias",
"Squalus acanthias#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks",
"(Namibia) Squalus acanthias, Squalus blainville, Squalus megalops, or Squalus mitsukurii"
],
"tags": [
"Namibia"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1995 December 26, William J. Broad, “Creatures of the Deep Find Their Way to the Table”, in The New York Times:",
"text": "Off the United States, the National Marine Fisheries Service is helping industry explore fisheries for deep shrimp, rattails, chimeras, orange roughy, smoothheads, slackjaw eels, blue hake, skates and dogfish, which the National Fisheries Institute, an industry group, in an effort to improve their marketability, has renamed cape shark.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various small sharks"
],
"links": [
[
"shark",
"shark"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1967, George K. Reid, edited by Herbert S. Zim and George S. Fichter, Pond Life, New York: Golden Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 128:",
"text": "Bowfins, sometimes called Dog-fish, live in sluggish waters throughout eastern N.A.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The bowfin, Amia calva."
],
"links": [
[
"bowfin",
"bowfin"
],
[
"Amia calva",
"Amia calva#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US) The bowfin, Amia calva."
],
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "seadog"
},
{
"word": "dog-fish"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "köpek balığı",
"sense": "small shark",
"word": "كوپك بالغی"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "small shark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cação"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "small shark",
"word": "cazón"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "shark in family Squalidae",
"word": "piikkihai"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "shark in family Squalidae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Dornhai"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "skúlion",
"sense": "shark in family Squalidae",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "σκύλιον"
},
{
"code": "nuk",
"lang": "Nootka",
"sense": "shark in family Squalidae",
"word": "yačaa"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "shark in family Squalidae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "galhudo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "shark in family Squalidae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esqualídeo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "shark in family Squalidae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cação"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "shark in family Squalidae",
"word": "bilingbiling"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "small sharks of the Scyliorhinidae, Dalatiidae and Squalidae families",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "Dornhaiartige"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "galeós",
"sense": "small sharks of the Scyliorhinidae, Dalatiidae and Squalidae families",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "γαλεός"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "small sharks of the Scyliorhinidae, Dalatiidae and Squalidae families",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fíogach"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "small sharks of the Scyliorhinidae, Dalatiidae and Squalidae families",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pescecane"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "small sharks of the Scyliorhinidae, Dalatiidae and Squalidae families",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cação"
}
],
"word": "dogfish"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dogfish meaning in All languages combined (13.5kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Azores Is.",
"path": [
"dogfish"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dogfish",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Azores Is.",
"path": [
"dogfish"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dogfish",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''Any of various small sharks'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"dogfish"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dogfish",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.