"diglossia" meaning in All languages combined

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          "text": "Coordinate term: digraphia"
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          "ref": "1994, Periklis Daltas, “The Concept of Diglossia from Ferguson to Fishman to Fasold”, in Irene Philippaki-Warburton, Katerina Nicolaidis, Maria Sifianou, editors, Themes in Greek Linguistics: Papers from the First International Conference on Greek Linguistics, John Benjamins Publishing Company, page 341:",
          "text": "To begin with, of the two varieties involved in diglossia, the one serving (H)igh societal functions, unlike that reserved for (L)ow ones, is nobody's mother tongue: it is learned in later life largely by formal education, and is not used for ordinary conversation. Secondly, the diglossic contrast concerns widely divergent varieties, as opposed to stylistic contrasts which tend to be small-scale. Moreover, diglossia occurs within a single language, while bilingualism or multilingualism, involve far more divergent linguistic systems.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
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          "text": "2000, Joshua A. Fishman, Chapter 3: Bilingualism with and without diglossia; diglossia with and without bilingualism, Li Wei (editor), The Bilingualism Reader, Taylor & Francis (Routledge), page 81,\nIt is the purpose of this chapter to relate these two research traditions to each other by tracing the interaction between their two major constructs: bilingualism (on the part of psychologists) and diglossia (on the part of sociologists)."
        },
        {
          "ref": "2013, Elien Declercq, Michael Boyden, “Multilingualism and Diglossia in Migration Literature: The Case of Flemish Songs in Northern France”, in Wolfgang Behschnitt, Sarah De Mul, Liesbeth Minnaard, editors, Literature, Language, and Multiculturalism in Scandinavia and the Low Countries, Rodopi, page 20:",
          "text": "Only very small and isolated communities display neither diglossia nor bilingualism.",
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      "glosses": [
        "The coexistence in a given population of two closely related native languages or dialects, one of which is regarded as more prestigious than the other; the similar coexistence of two unrelated languages."
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          "native",
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        "(linguistics, sociology) The coexistence in a given population of two closely related native languages or dialects, one of which is regarded as more prestigious than the other; the similar coexistence of two unrelated languages."
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      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "95 5",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "izdiwājiyya luḡawiyya",
          "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "اِزْدِوَاجِيَّة لُغَوِيَّة"
        },
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          "_dis1": "95 5",
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          "roman": "diglūsyā",
          "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
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          "word": "دِيجْلُوسْيَا"
        },
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          "word": "雙層語言"
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          "roman": "shuāngcéng yǔyán",
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          "word": "双层语言"
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          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
          "word": "diglossia"
        },
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          "_dis1": "95 5",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "diglossie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 5",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Diglossie"
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        {
          "_dis1": "95 5",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "diglossía",
          "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "διγλωσσία"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 5",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
          "word": "דיגלוסיה"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 5",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
          "word": "diglosszia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 5",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "débhéascna"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 5",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "diglossia"
        },
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          "_dis1": "95 5",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "daiguroshia",
          "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
          "word": "ダイグロシア"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 5",
          "alt": "にげんごへんしゅつかいわけ",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "nigengohenshu tsukaiwake",
          "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
          "word": "二言語変種使い分け"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 5",
          "alt": "兩層言語",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "yangcheung'eoneo",
          "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
          "word": "양층언어"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 5",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
          "word": "diglossi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 5",
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          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
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          "word": "diglossia"
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          "_dis1": "95 5",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "diglóssija",
          "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "дигло́ссия"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 5",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
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        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 5",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "diglossi"
        }
      ]
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        "(pathology) The presence of a cleft or doubled tongue."
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      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bifid tongue"
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          "word": "cleft tongue"
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      "enpr": "dī'glŏʹsē.ə"
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    {
      "ipa": "/ˌdaɪˈɡlɒsi.ə/",
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      "ipa": "/ˌdaɪˈɡlɑsi.ə/",
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      "_dis1": "0 0",
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      "word": "diglossy"
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    "Charles A. Ferguson"
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      "ipa": "/d͡ʒi.ɡloˈsi.a/",
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      "ipa": "/di.ɡluˈsi.ɐ/",
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      "ipa": "[di.ɣluˈsi.ɐ]",
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        {
          "ref": "1994, Periklis Daltas, “The Concept of Diglossia from Ferguson to Fishman to Fasold”, in Irene Philippaki-Warburton, Katerina Nicolaidis, Maria Sifianou, editors, Themes in Greek Linguistics: Papers from the First International Conference on Greek Linguistics, John Benjamins Publishing Company, page 341:",
          "text": "To begin with, of the two varieties involved in diglossia, the one serving (H)igh societal functions, unlike that reserved for (L)ow ones, is nobody's mother tongue: it is learned in later life largely by formal education, and is not used for ordinary conversation. Secondly, the diglossic contrast concerns widely divergent varieties, as opposed to stylistic contrasts which tend to be small-scale. Moreover, diglossia occurs within a single language, while bilingualism or multilingualism, involve far more divergent linguistic systems.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "text": "2000, Joshua A. Fishman, Chapter 3: Bilingualism with and without diglossia; diglossia with and without bilingualism, Li Wei (editor), The Bilingualism Reader, Taylor & Francis (Routledge), page 81,\nIt is the purpose of this chapter to relate these two research traditions to each other by tracing the interaction between their two major constructs: bilingualism (on the part of psychologists) and diglossia (on the part of sociologists)."
        },
        {
          "ref": "2013, Elien Declercq, Michael Boyden, “Multilingualism and Diglossia in Migration Literature: The Case of Flemish Songs in Northern France”, in Wolfgang Behschnitt, Sarah De Mul, Liesbeth Minnaard, editors, Literature, Language, and Multiculturalism in Scandinavia and the Low Countries, Rodopi, page 20:",
          "text": "Only very small and isolated communities display neither diglossia nor bilingualism.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The coexistence in a given population of two closely related native languages or dialects, one of which is regarded as more prestigious than the other; the similar coexistence of two unrelated languages."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "sociology",
          "sociology"
        ],
        [
          "coexistence",
          "coexistence"
        ],
        [
          "population",
          "population"
        ],
        [
          "related",
          "related"
        ],
        [
          "native",
          "native"
        ],
        [
          "language",
          "language"
        ],
        [
          "dialect",
          "dialect"
        ],
        [
          "prestigious",
          "prestigious"
        ],
        [
          "unrelated",
          "unrelated"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics, sociology) The coexistence in a given population of two closely related native languages or dialects, one of which is regarded as more prestigious than the other; the similar coexistence of two unrelated languages."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences",
        "social-science",
        "sociology"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Pathology"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The presence of a cleft or doubled tongue."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pathology",
          "pathology"
        ],
        [
          "presence",
          "presence"
        ],
        [
          "cleft",
          "cleft"
        ],
        [
          "doubled",
          "doubled"
        ],
        [
          "tongue",
          "tongue"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(pathology) The presence of a cleft or doubled tongue."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bifid tongue"
        },
        {
          "word": "cleft tongue"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "pathology",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "enpr": "dī'glŏʹsē.ə"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-diglossia.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-diglossia.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-diglossia.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-diglossia.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-diglossia.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌdaɪˈɡlɒsi.ə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌdaɪˈɡlɑsi.ə/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "topics": [
        "linguistics",
        "human-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "word": "diglossy"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "izdiwājiyya luḡawiyya",
      "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "اِزْدِوَاجِيَّة لُغَوِيَّة"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "diglūsyā",
      "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "دِيجْلُوسْيَا"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
      "word": "雙層語言"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "shuāngcéng yǔyán",
      "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
      "word": "双层语言"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
      "word": "diglossia"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "diglossie"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Diglossie"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "diglossía",
      "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "διγλωσσία"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
      "word": "דיגלוסיה"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
      "word": "diglosszia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "débhéascna"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "diglossia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "daiguroshia",
      "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
      "word": "ダイグロシア"
    },
    {
      "alt": "にげんごへんしゅつかいわけ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "nigengohenshu tsukaiwake",
      "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
      "word": "二言語変種使い分け"
    },
    {
      "alt": "兩層言語",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "yangcheung'eoneo",
      "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
      "word": "양층언어"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
      "word": "diglossi"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "diglossia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "diglóssija",
      "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "дигло́ссия"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "diglosia"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "the coexistence of two closely related native languages",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "diglossi"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Charles A. Ferguson"
  ],
  "word": "diglossia"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "diglossias",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "diglossia f (plural diglossias)",
      "name": "pt-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "di‧glos‧si‧a"
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Portuguese 4-syllable words",
        "Portuguese countable nouns",
        "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Portuguese feminine nouns",
        "Portuguese lemmas",
        "Portuguese nouns",
        "Portuguese nouns with red links in their headword lines",
        "Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "pt:Linguistics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "diglossia (the coexistence of two closely related native languages)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "diglossia",
          "diglossia#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics) diglossia (the coexistence of two closely related native languages)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/d͡ʒi.ɡloˈsi.ɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/d͡ʒi.ɡloˈsi.ɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/d͡ʒi.ɡloˈsi.a/",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/di.ɡluˈsi.ɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[di.ɣluˈsi.ɐ]",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "diglossia"
}