"dezmierda" meaning in All languages combined

See dezmierda on Wiktionary

Verb [Romanian]

IPA: /dez.mjerˈda/ Audio: LL-Q7913 (ron)-Filosoful-dezmierda.wav
Etymology: Inherited from Vulgar Latin *dismerdāre, a verb based on Latin merda (“faeces”). The sense evolution from "remove faeces" to "caress" appears to have occurred in the context of childcare. Compare Aromanian diznjerdu. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ro|VL.|*dismerdo|*dismerdāre||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Vulgar Latin *dismerdāre, {{inh+|ro|VL.|*dismerdo|*dismerdāre}} Inherited from Vulgar Latin *dismerdāre, {{der|ro|la|merda|t=faeces}} Latin merda (“faeces”), {{cog|rup|diznjerdu}} Aromanian diznjerdu Head templates: {{ro-verb|dezmiardă|dezmierdat}} a dezmierda (third-person singular present dezmiardă, past participle dezmierdat) 1st conjugation Inflection templates: {{ro-conj-a|dezmierd|2s=dezmierzi|3s=dezmiardă}} Forms: a dezmierda 1st conjugation [canonical], dezmiardă [present, singular, third-person], dezmierdat [participle, past], conjugation-1 [table-tags], a dezmierda [infinitive], dezmierdând [gerund], dezmierdat [participle, past], dezmierd [first-person, indicative, present, singular], dezmierzi [indicative, present, second-person, singular], dezmiardă [indicative, present, singular, third-person], dezmierdăm [first-person, indicative, plural, present], dezmierdați [indicative, plural, present, second-person], dezmiardă [indicative, plural, present, third-person], dezmierdam [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], dezmierdai [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], dezmierda [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], dezmierdam [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], dezmierdați [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], dezmierdau [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], dezmierdai [first-person, indicative, perfect, singular], dezmierdași [indicative, perfect, second-person, singular], dezmierdă [indicative, perfect, singular, third-person], dezmierdarăm [first-person, indicative, perfect, plural], dezmierdarăți [indicative, perfect, plural, second-person], dezmierdară [indicative, perfect, plural, third-person], dezmierdasem [first-person, indicative, pluperfect, singular], dezmierdaseși [indicative, pluperfect, second-person, singular], dezmierdase [indicative, pluperfect, singular, third-person], dezmierdaserăm [first-person, indicative, pluperfect, plural], dezmierdaserăți [indicative, pluperfect, plural, second-person], dezmierdaseră [indicative, pluperfect, plural, third-person], să dezmierd [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], să dezmierzi [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], să dezmierde [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], să dezmierdăm [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], să dezmierdați [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], să dezmierde [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], dezmiardă [imperative, second-person, singular], dezmierdați [imperative, plural, second-person], nu dezmierda [imperative, negative, second-person, singular], nu dezmierdați [imperative, negative, plural, second-person]
  1. to caress, fondle, pet Synonyms: mângâia, alinta, desmierda, dizmierda [regional] Derived forms: dezmierdare
    Sense id: en-dezmierda-ro-verb-neJz~kfw Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Romanian entries with incorrect language header, Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*dismerdo",
        "4": "*dismerdāre",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *dismerdāre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*dismerdo",
        "4": "*dismerdāre"
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      "expansion": "Inherited from Vulgar Latin *dismerdāre",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "merda",
        "t": "faeces"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin merda (“faeces”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rup",
        "2": "diznjerdu"
      },
      "expansion": "Aromanian diznjerdu",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Vulgar Latin *dismerdāre, a verb based on Latin merda (“faeces”). The sense evolution from \"remove faeces\" to \"caress\" appears to have occurred in the context of childcare. Compare Aromanian diznjerdu.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "a dezmierda 1st conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmiardă",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdat",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conjugation-1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-conj-a",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a dezmierda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdând",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierd",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierzi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmiardă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmiardă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdași",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdarăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdarăți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdară",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdasem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdaseși",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdase",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdaserăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdaserăți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdaseră",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să dezmierd",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să dezmierzi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să dezmierde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să dezmierdăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să dezmierdați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să dezmierde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmiardă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nu dezmierda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nu dezmierdați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dezmiardă",
        "2": "dezmierdat"
      },
      "expansion": "a dezmierda (third-person singular present dezmiardă, past participle dezmierdat) 1st conjugation",
      "name": "ro-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dezmierd",
        "2s": "dezmierzi",
        "3s": "dezmiardă"
      },
      "name": "ro-conj-a"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "dezmierdare"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to caress, fondle, pet"
      ],
      "id": "en-dezmierda-ro-verb-neJz~kfw",
      "links": [
        [
          "caress",
          "caress"
        ],
        [
          "fondle",
          "fondle"
        ],
        [
          "pet",
          "pet"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "mângâia"
        },
        {
          "word": "alinta"
        },
        {
          "word": "desmierda"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "regional"
          ],
          "word": "dizmierda"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dez.mjerˈda/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Filosoful-dezmierda.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-dezmierda.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-dezmierda.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-dezmierda.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-dezmierda.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "dezmierda"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "dezmierdare"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*dismerdo",
        "4": "*dismerdāre",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *dismerdāre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*dismerdo",
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      "expansion": "Inherited from Vulgar Latin *dismerdāre",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "merda",
        "t": "faeces"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin merda (“faeces”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rup",
        "2": "diznjerdu"
      },
      "expansion": "Aromanian diznjerdu",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Vulgar Latin *dismerdāre, a verb based on Latin merda (“faeces”). The sense evolution from \"remove faeces\" to \"caress\" appears to have occurred in the context of childcare. Compare Aromanian diznjerdu.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "a dezmierda 1st conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmiardă",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdat",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conjugation-1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-conj-a",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a dezmierda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdând",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierd",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierzi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmiardă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmiardă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdași",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdarăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdarăți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdară",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdasem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdaseși",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdase",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdaserăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdaserăți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdaseră",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să dezmierd",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să dezmierzi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să dezmierde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să dezmierdăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să dezmierdați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să dezmierde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmiardă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dezmierdați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nu dezmierda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nu dezmierdați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dezmiardă",
        "2": "dezmierdat"
      },
      "expansion": "a dezmierda (third-person singular present dezmiardă, past participle dezmierdat) 1st conjugation",
      "name": "ro-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dezmierd",
        "2s": "dezmierzi",
        "3s": "dezmiardă"
      },
      "name": "ro-conj-a"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Romanian lemmas",
        "Romanian terms derived from Latin",
        "Romanian terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
        "Romanian terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
        "Romanian verbs",
        "Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to caress, fondle, pet"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "caress",
          "caress"
        ],
        [
          "fondle",
          "fondle"
        ],
        [
          "pet",
          "pet"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "mângâia"
        },
        {
          "word": "alinta"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dez.mjerˈda/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Filosoful-dezmierda.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-dezmierda.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-dezmierda.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-dezmierda.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-dezmierda.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "desmierda"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "regional"
      ],
      "word": "dizmierda"
    }
  ],
  "word": "dezmierda"
}

Download raw JSONL data for dezmierda meaning in All languages combined (6.7kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.