"desiderium" meaning in All languages combined

See desiderium on Wiktionary

Noun [Latin]

IPA: /deː.siːˈde.ri.um/ [Classical], [d̪eːs̠iːˈd̪ɛriʊ̃ˑ] [Classical], /de.siˈde.ri.um/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [d̪es̬iˈd̪ɛːrium] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From dēsīderō (“want, desire, wish for; miss, lack, need”) + -ium. Etymology templates: {{af|la|dēsīderō|-ium|t1=want, desire, wish for; miss, lack, need}} dēsīderō (“want, desire, wish for; miss, lack, need”) + -ium Head templates: {{la-noun|dēsīderium<2>}} dēsīderium n (genitive dēsīderiī or dēsīderī); second declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|dēsīderium<2>}} Forms: dēsīderium [canonical, neuter], dēsīderiī [genitive], dēsīderī [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], dēsīderium [nominative, singular], dēsīderia [nominative, plural], dēsīderiī [genitive, singular], dēsīderī [genitive, singular], dēsīderiōrum [genitive, plural], dēsīderiō [dative, singular], dēsīderiīs [dative, plural], dēsīderium [accusative, singular], dēsīderia [accusative, plural], dēsīderiō [ablative, singular], dēsīderiīs [ablative, plural], dēsīderium [singular, vocative], dēsīderia [plural, vocative]
  1. longing, desire, wish (especially for something once possessed) Tags: declension-2 Categories (topical): Emotions Synonyms: cupīdō, appetītus, studium, appetītiō, amor, ardor, libīdō, inclīnātiō, prōpēnsiō, avāritia
    Sense id: en-desiderium-la-noun-0mCPAb~6 Disambiguation of Emotions: 54 40 5 2 Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup, Latin terms suffixed with -ium Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 66 12 14 8 Disambiguation of Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup: 66 12 15 8 Disambiguation of Latin terms suffixed with -ium: 43 17 21 20
  2. grief, regret (desire for something lost) Tags: declension-2 Synonyms: maeror, maestitia, trīstitia, trīstitūdō, tristitās, cūra, aegritūdō, lūctus
    Sense id: en-desiderium-la-noun-FkXBgfF2 Categories (other): Latin neuter nouns in the second declension Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the second declension: 25 34 20 20
  3. need, necessity Tags: declension-2 Synonyms: egestās, pēnūria, paupertās, necessitās, inopia, indigentia, ūsus, opus
    Sense id: en-desiderium-la-noun-pMk6CIFD
  4. (in the plural) pleasures, desires Tags: declension-2, in-plural
    Sense id: en-desiderium-la-noun-lZ2l-cmO
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: dēsīderābilis, dēsīderātiō

Download JSON data for desiderium meaning in All languages combined (6.7kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "desiderio",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: desiderio, desidero, disiderio, disidero",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: desiderio, desidero, disiderio, disidero"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "dëshirë",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Albanian: dëshirë",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Albanian: dëshirë"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "Desiderius",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Latin: Desiderius",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "given name"
          },
          "expansion": "(given name)",
          "name": "gloss"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Latin: Desiderius (given name)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "Didier",
            "3": "Dizier",
            "4": "Disdier",
            "5": "Désiré"
          },
          "expansion": "French: Didier, Dizier, Disdier, Désiré",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: Didier, Dizier, Disdier, Désiré"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "Desidero"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: Desidero",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: Desidero"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "Disdero",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Italian: Disdero",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "surname"
          },
          "expansion": "(surname)",
          "name": "gloss"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Italian: Disdero (surname)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nrf",
            "2": "Désiré"
          },
          "expansion": "Norman: Désiré",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norman: Désiré"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "Desideria",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Latin: Desideria",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "feminine"
          },
          "expansion": "(feminine)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Latin: Desideria (feminine)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "Désirée"
          },
          "expansion": "French: Désirée\nEnglish: Désirée, Desiree, Desirée\nGerman: Désirée, Desirée\nSwedish: Desirée, Desiré",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: Désirée\nEnglish: Désirée, Desiree, Desirée\nGerman: Désirée, Desirée\nSwedish: Desirée, Desiré"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "dēsīderō",
        "3": "-ium",
        "t1": "want, desire, wish for; miss, lack, need"
      },
      "expansion": "dēsīderō (“want, desire, wish for; miss, lack, need”) + -ium",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From dēsīderō (“want, desire, wish for; miss, lack, need”) + -ium.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dēsīderium",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderiī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderia",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderiī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderiōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderiō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderiīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderia",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderiō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderiīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderia",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dēsīderium<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "dēsīderium n (genitive dēsīderiī or dēsīderī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dēsīderium<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "dēsīderābilis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "dēsīderātiō"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "66 12 14 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "66 12 15 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 17 21 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin terms suffixed with -ium",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 40 5 2",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "la:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "longing, desire, wish (especially for something once possessed)"
      ],
      "id": "en-desiderium-la-noun-0mCPAb~6",
      "links": [
        [
          "longing",
          "longing"
        ],
        [
          "desire",
          "desire"
        ],
        [
          "wish",
          "wish"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "cupīdō"
        },
        {
          "word": "appetītus"
        },
        {
          "word": "studium"
        },
        {
          "word": "appetītiō"
        },
        {
          "word": "amor"
        },
        {
          "word": "ardor"
        },
        {
          "word": "libīdō"
        },
        {
          "word": "inclīnātiō"
        },
        {
          "word": "prōpēnsiō"
        },
        {
          "word": "avāritia"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lascīvia"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 34 20 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "grief, regret (desire for something lost)"
      ],
      "id": "en-desiderium-la-noun-FkXBgfF2",
      "links": [
        [
          "grief",
          "grief"
        ],
        [
          "regret",
          "regret"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "maeror"
        },
        {
          "word": "maestitia"
        },
        {
          "word": "trīstitia"
        },
        {
          "word": "trīstitūdō"
        },
        {
          "word": "tristitās"
        },
        {
          "word": "cūra"
        },
        {
          "word": "aegritūdō"
        },
        {
          "word": "lūctus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "dīvitiae"
        },
        {
          "word": "opulentia"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "need, necessity"
      ],
      "id": "en-desiderium-la-noun-pMk6CIFD",
      "links": [
        [
          "need",
          "need"
        ],
        [
          "necessity",
          "necessity"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "egestās"
        },
        {
          "word": "pēnūria"
        },
        {
          "word": "paupertās"
        },
        {
          "word": "necessitās"
        },
        {
          "word": "inopia"
        },
        {
          "word": "indigentia"
        },
        {
          "word": "ūsus"
        },
        {
          "word": "opus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "pleasures, desires"
      ],
      "id": "en-desiderium-la-noun-lZ2l-cmO",
      "links": [
        [
          "pleasures",
          "pleasures"
        ],
        [
          "desires",
          "desires"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in the plural) pleasures, desires"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "in-plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/deː.siːˈde.ri.um/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪eːs̠iːˈd̪ɛriʊ̃ˑ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/de.siˈde.ri.um/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪es̬iˈd̪ɛːrium]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "desiderium"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 5-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin neuter nouns",
    "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin second declension nouns",
    "Latin terms suffixed with -ium",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "la:Emotions"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "desiderio",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: desiderio, desidero, disiderio, disidero",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: desiderio, desidero, disiderio, disidero"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "dëshirë",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Albanian: dëshirë",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Albanian: dëshirë"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "Desiderius",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Latin: Desiderius",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "given name"
          },
          "expansion": "(given name)",
          "name": "gloss"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Latin: Desiderius (given name)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "Didier",
            "3": "Dizier",
            "4": "Disdier",
            "5": "Désiré"
          },
          "expansion": "French: Didier, Dizier, Disdier, Désiré",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: Didier, Dizier, Disdier, Désiré"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "Desidero"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: Desidero",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: Desidero"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "Disdero",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Italian: Disdero",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "surname"
          },
          "expansion": "(surname)",
          "name": "gloss"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Italian: Disdero (surname)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nrf",
            "2": "Désiré"
          },
          "expansion": "Norman: Désiré",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norman: Désiré"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "Desideria",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Latin: Desideria",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "feminine"
          },
          "expansion": "(feminine)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Latin: Desideria (feminine)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "Désirée"
          },
          "expansion": "French: Désirée\nEnglish: Désirée, Desiree, Desirée\nGerman: Désirée, Desirée\nSwedish: Desirée, Desiré",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: Désirée\nEnglish: Désirée, Desiree, Desirée\nGerman: Désirée, Desirée\nSwedish: Desirée, Desiré"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "dēsīderō",
        "3": "-ium",
        "t1": "want, desire, wish for; miss, lack, need"
      },
      "expansion": "dēsīderō (“want, desire, wish for; miss, lack, need”) + -ium",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From dēsīderō (“want, desire, wish for; miss, lack, need”) + -ium.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dēsīderium",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderiī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderia",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderiī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderiōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderiō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderiīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderia",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderiō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderiīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dēsīderia",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dēsīderium<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "dēsīderium n (genitive dēsīderiī or dēsīderī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dēsīderium<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "dēsīderābilis"
    },
    {
      "word": "dēsīderātiō"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "longing, desire, wish (especially for something once possessed)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "longing",
          "longing"
        ],
        [
          "desire",
          "desire"
        ],
        [
          "wish",
          "wish"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "cupīdō"
        },
        {
          "word": "appetītus"
        },
        {
          "word": "studium"
        },
        {
          "word": "appetītiō"
        },
        {
          "word": "amor"
        },
        {
          "word": "ardor"
        },
        {
          "word": "libīdō"
        },
        {
          "word": "inclīnātiō"
        },
        {
          "word": "prōpēnsiō"
        },
        {
          "word": "avāritia"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lascīvia"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "grief, regret (desire for something lost)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grief",
          "grief"
        ],
        [
          "regret",
          "regret"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "maeror"
        },
        {
          "word": "maestitia"
        },
        {
          "word": "trīstitia"
        },
        {
          "word": "trīstitūdō"
        },
        {
          "word": "tristitās"
        },
        {
          "word": "cūra"
        },
        {
          "word": "aegritūdō"
        },
        {
          "word": "lūctus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "dīvitiae"
        },
        {
          "word": "opulentia"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "need, necessity"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "need",
          "need"
        ],
        [
          "necessity",
          "necessity"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "egestās"
        },
        {
          "word": "pēnūria"
        },
        {
          "word": "paupertās"
        },
        {
          "word": "necessitās"
        },
        {
          "word": "inopia"
        },
        {
          "word": "indigentia"
        },
        {
          "word": "ūsus"
        },
        {
          "word": "opus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "pleasures, desires"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pleasures",
          "pleasures"
        ],
        [
          "desires",
          "desires"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in the plural) pleasures, desires"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "in-plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/deː.siːˈde.ri.um/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪eːs̠iːˈd̪ɛriʊ̃ˑ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/de.siˈde.ri.um/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪es̬iˈd̪ɛːrium]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "desiderium"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.