"couren" meaning in All languages combined

See couren on Wiktionary

Verb [Middle English]

IPA: /ˈkuːrən/
Etymology: Borrowed from either Middle Low German kûren (“to lie in wait; linger”) or a similar North Germanic word (e.g. Icelandic kúra (“to doze”)). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Borrowed}} Borrowed, {{bor|enm|gml|kûren|t=to lie in wait; linger}} Middle Low German kûren (“to lie in wait; linger”), {{bor|enm|gmq|-}} North Germanic, {{cog|is|kúra||to doze}} Icelandic kúra (“to doze”) Head templates: {{head|enm|verb}} couren Inflection templates: {{enm-conj-wk|cour|inf2=0|y=0}} Forms: weak [table-tags], couren [infinitive], to couren [infinitive], coure [first-person, present, singular], coured [first-person, past, singular], courest [present, second-person, singular], couredest [past, second-person, singular], coureth [present, singular, third-person], coured [past, singular, third-person], coure [present, singular, subjunctive], coured [past, singular, subjunctive], coure [imperative, present, singular], - [imperative, past, singular], couren [plural, present], coure [plural, present], coureden [past, plural], courede [past, plural], coureth [imperative, plural, present], coure [imperative, plural, present], - [imperative, past, plural], courynge [participle, present], courende [participle, present], coured [participle, past]
  1. To crouch, especially in fear; to cower. Categories (topical): Fear, Gaits
    Sense id: en-couren-enm-verb-n4hGDJZC Disambiguation of Fear: 85 15 Disambiguation of Gaits: 69 31
  2. To hide or conceal oneself.
    Sense id: en-couren-enm-verb-gq9gsDUg Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 17 83 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 11 89
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: cowre, curyn, koure

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for couren meaning in All languages combined (4.4kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "cower"
          },
          "expansion": "English: cower",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: cower"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "cour",
            "3": "coor"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: cour, coor",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: cour, coor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "kûren",
        "t": "to lie in wait; linger"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German kûren (“to lie in wait; linger”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmq",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "North Germanic",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "kúra",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to doze"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic kúra (“to doze”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from either Middle Low German kûren (“to lie in wait; linger”) or a similar North Germanic word (e.g. Icelandic kúra (“to doze”)).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "couren",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to couren",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coured",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "courest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "couredest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coureth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coured",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coured",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "couren",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coureden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "courede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coureth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "courynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "courende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coured",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "couren",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cour",
        "inf2": "0",
        "y": "0"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "85 15",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Fear",
          "orig": "enm:Fear",
          "parents": [
            "Emotions",
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "69 31",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Gaits",
          "orig": "enm:Gaits",
          "parents": [
            "Body",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To crouch, especially in fear; to cower."
      ],
      "id": "en-couren-enm-verb-n4hGDJZC",
      "links": [
        [
          "crouch",
          "crouch"
        ],
        [
          "fear",
          "fear"
        ],
        [
          "cower",
          "cower"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 83",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 89",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To hide or conceal oneself."
      ],
      "id": "en-couren-enm-verb-gq9gsDUg",
      "links": [
        [
          "hide",
          "hide"
        ],
        [
          "oneself",
          "oneself"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkuːrən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "cowre"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "curyn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "koure"
    }
  ],
  "word": "couren"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Middle Low German",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from North Germanic languages",
    "Middle English terms derived from Middle Low German",
    "Middle English terms derived from North Germanic languages",
    "Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Middle English weak verbs",
    "enm:Fear",
    "enm:Gaits"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "cower"
          },
          "expansion": "English: cower",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: cower"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "cour",
            "3": "coor"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: cour, coor",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: cour, coor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "kûren",
        "t": "to lie in wait; linger"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German kûren (“to lie in wait; linger”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmq",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "North Germanic",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "kúra",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to doze"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic kúra (“to doze”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from either Middle Low German kûren (“to lie in wait; linger”) or a similar North Germanic word (e.g. Icelandic kúra (“to doze”)).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "couren",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to couren",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coured",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "courest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "couredest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coureth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coured",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coured",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "couren",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coureden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "courede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coureth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "courynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "courende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coured",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "couren",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cour",
        "inf2": "0",
        "y": "0"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To crouch, especially in fear; to cower."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "crouch",
          "crouch"
        ],
        [
          "fear",
          "fear"
        ],
        [
          "cower",
          "cower"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To hide or conceal oneself."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hide",
          "hide"
        ],
        [
          "oneself",
          "oneself"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkuːrən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "cowre"
    },
    {
      "word": "curyn"
    },
    {
      "word": "koure"
    }
  ],
  "word": "couren"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.