"clientelism" meaning in All languages combined

See clientelism on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: [klaɪ.n̩ˈtɛl.ɪ.zm̩] [Received-Pronunciation], [kliː.ɒnˈtɛl.ɪ.zm̩] [Received-Pronunciation], [klaɪ.ənˈtɛl.ɪ.zm̩] [Canada, General-American], [klaɪ.n̩ˈtɛl.ɪ.zm̩] [Canada, General-American], [klɑɪ.n̩ˈtel.ɪ.zm̩] [General-Australian], [kliː.n̩ˈtel.ɪ.zm̩] [General-Australian] Forms: clientelisms [plural]
Etymology: From clientele + -ism. Etymology templates: {{suffix|en|clientele|ism}} clientele + -ism Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} clientelism (countable and uncountable, plural clientelisms)
  1. A political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits. Tags: countable, uncountable Related terms: clientism Translations (a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits): clientelismu [masculine] (Asturian), 侍從主義 /侍从主义 (Chinese Mandarin), 庇护主义 (Chinese Mandarin), 庇護主義 /庇护主义 (Chinese Mandarin), klientelismus [masculine] (Czech), clientélisme (French), კლიენტელიზმი (ḳlienṭelizmi) (Georgian), clientelismo (Italian), clientelismo [masculine] (Spanish), klientelism [common-gender] (Swedish), svågerpolitik [common-gender] (Swedish), vänskapskorruption [common-gender] (Swedish)

Noun [Romanian]

Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], clientelism [accusative, indefinite, nominative], clientelismul [accusative, definite, nominative], clientelism [error-unrecognized-form, indefinite], clientelismului [definite, error-unrecognized-form], clientelismule [vocative]
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian clientelismo. By surface analysis, clientelă + -ism. Etymology templates: {{bor+|ro|it|clientelismo}} Borrowed from Italian clientelismo, {{surf|ro|clientelă|-ism}} By surface analysis, clientelă + -ism Head templates: {{ro-noun|n|-}} clientelism n (uncountable) Inflection templates: {{ro-decl-noun-single|g=n|gpd=clientelismelor|gpi=clientelisme|gsd=clientelismului|gsi=clientelism|n=sg|npd=clientelismele|npi=clientelisme|nsd=clientelismul|nsi=clientelism|vp=clientelismelor|vs=clientelismule}}
  1. clientelism Tags: neuter, uncountable

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "clientele",
        "3": "ism"
      },
      "expansion": "clientele + -ism",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From clientele + -ism.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "clientelisms",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "clientelism (countable and uncountable, plural clientelisms)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ism",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Asturian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Italian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits."
      ],
      "id": "en-clientelism-en-noun-lYy1zQYo",
      "links": [
        [
          "political",
          "political"
        ],
        [
          "merits",
          "merits"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "clientism"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "clientelismu"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
          "word": "侍從主義 /侍从主义"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
          "word": "庇护主义"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
          "word": "庇護主義 /庇护主义"
        },
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "klientelismus"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
          "word": "clientélisme"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "ḳlienṭelizmi",
          "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
          "word": "კლიენტელიზმი"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
          "word": "clientelismo"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "clientelismo"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "klientelism"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "svågerpolitik"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "vänskapskorruption"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[klaɪ.n̩ˈtɛl.ɪ.zm̩]",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kliː.ɒnˈtɛl.ɪ.zm̩]",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[klaɪ.ənˈtɛl.ɪ.zm̩]",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[klaɪ.n̩ˈtɛl.ɪ.zm̩]",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[klɑɪ.n̩ˈtel.ɪ.zm̩]",
      "tags": [
        "General-Australian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kliː.n̩ˈtel.ɪ.zm̩]",
      "tags": [
        "General-Australian"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "clientelism"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "clientelismo"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Italian clientelismo",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "clientelă",
        "3": "-ism"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, clientelă + -ism",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian clientelismo. By surface analysis, clientelă + -ism.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-noun-n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clientelism",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clientelismul",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clientelism",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clientelismului",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clientelismule",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "clientelism n (uncountable)",
      "name": "ro-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "n",
        "gpd": "clientelismelor",
        "gpi": "clientelisme",
        "gsd": "clientelismului",
        "gsi": "clientelism",
        "n": "sg",
        "npd": "clientelismele",
        "npi": "clientelisme",
        "nsd": "clientelismul",
        "nsi": "clientelism",
        "vp": "clientelismelor",
        "vs": "clientelismule"
      },
      "name": "ro-decl-noun-single"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian terms suffixed with -ism",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "clientelism"
      ],
      "id": "en-clientelism-ro-noun-kf4k8fVd",
      "links": [
        [
          "clientelism",
          "clientelism#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "clientelism"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "clientele",
        "3": "ism"
      },
      "expansion": "clientele + -ism",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From clientele + -ism.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "clientelisms",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "clientelism (countable and uncountable, plural clientelisms)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "clientism"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English nouns",
        "English terms suffixed with -ism",
        "English uncountable nouns",
        "Entries with translation boxes",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Terms with Asturian translations",
        "Terms with Czech translations",
        "Terms with French translations",
        "Terms with Georgian translations",
        "Terms with Italian translations",
        "Terms with Mandarin translations",
        "Terms with Spanish translations",
        "Terms with Swedish translations"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "political",
          "political"
        ],
        [
          "merits",
          "merits"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[klaɪ.n̩ˈtɛl.ɪ.zm̩]",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kliː.ɒnˈtɛl.ɪ.zm̩]",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[klaɪ.ənˈtɛl.ɪ.zm̩]",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[klaɪ.n̩ˈtɛl.ɪ.zm̩]",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[klɑɪ.n̩ˈtel.ɪ.zm̩]",
      "tags": [
        "General-Australian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kliː.n̩ˈtel.ɪ.zm̩]",
      "tags": [
        "General-Australian"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "clientelismu"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
      "word": "侍從主義 /侍从主义"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
      "word": "庇护主义"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
      "word": "庇護主義 /庇护主义"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "klientelismus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
      "word": "clientélisme"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "ḳlienṭelizmi",
      "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
      "word": "კლიენტელიზმი"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
      "word": "clientelismo"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "clientelismo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "klientelism"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "svågerpolitik"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "a political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "vänskapskorruption"
    }
  ],
  "word": "clientelism"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "clientelismo"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Italian clientelismo",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "clientelă",
        "3": "-ism"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, clientelă + -ism",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian clientelismo. By surface analysis, clientelă + -ism.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-noun-n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clientelism",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clientelismul",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clientelism",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clientelismului",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clientelismule",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "clientelism n (uncountable)",
      "name": "ro-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "n",
        "gpd": "clientelismelor",
        "gpi": "clientelisme",
        "gsd": "clientelismului",
        "gsi": "clientelism",
        "n": "sg",
        "npd": "clientelismele",
        "npi": "clientelisme",
        "nsd": "clientelismul",
        "nsi": "clientelism",
        "vp": "clientelismelor",
        "vs": "clientelismule"
      },
      "name": "ro-decl-noun-single"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Romanian lemmas",
        "Romanian neuter nouns",
        "Romanian nouns",
        "Romanian terms borrowed from Italian",
        "Romanian terms derived from Italian",
        "Romanian terms suffixed with -ism",
        "Romanian uncountable nouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "clientelism"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "clientelism",
          "clientelism#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "clientelism"
}

Download raw JSONL data for clientelism meaning in All languages combined (5.6kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive-dative'",
  "path": [
    "clientelism"
  ],
  "section": "Romanian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "clientelism",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.