See chmara on Wiktionary
{
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},
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{
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"2": "sla-pro",
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"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
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"pos": "",
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"sort": "",
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xmara",
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xmara.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chmara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmary",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmary",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmarze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmarom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmarę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmary",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmarą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmarami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmarze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmarach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmaro",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chmary",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "chmara f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chma‧ra"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
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],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "42 35 13 5 1 5",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Insects",
"orig": "pl:Insects",
"parents": [
"Arthropods",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 29 11 5 35 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Clouds",
"orig": "pl:Clouds",
"parents": [
"Atmospheric phenomena",
"Atmosphere",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"swarm of flying insects"
],
"id": "en-chmara-pl-noun-bbLF6R7K",
"links": [
[
"swarm",
"swarm"
],
[
"flying",
"flying"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 50 19 4 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 55 17 3 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 50 18 6 1 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entry maintenance"
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},
{
"_dis": "19 47 18 8 1 7",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "20 46 19 8 1 7",
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{
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"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
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"Links with redundant wikilinks",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 65 14 2 2 1",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Birds",
"orig": "pl:Birds",
"parents": [
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 35 13 5 1 5",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Insects",
"orig": "pl:Insects",
"parents": [
"Arthropods",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 29 11 5 35 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Clouds",
"orig": "pl:Clouds",
"parents": [
"Atmospheric phenomena",
"Atmosphere",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 38 16 13 1 12",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "pl:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"flock of birds in flight"
],
"id": "en-chmara-pl-noun-F2Ur5PCp",
"links": [
[
"flock",
"flock"
],
[
"bird",
"bird"
],
[
"flight",
"flight"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Hunting",
"orig": "pl:Hunting",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "42 35 13 5 1 5",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Insects",
"orig": "pl:Insects",
"parents": [
"Arthropods",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 29 11 5 35 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Clouds",
"orig": "pl:Clouds",
"parents": [
"Atmospheric phenomena",
"Atmosphere",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"herd of deer, elk, or wisents"
],
"id": "en-chmara-pl-noun-c1ss-SKG",
"links": [
[
"hunting",
"hunting#Noun"
],
[
"herd",
"herd"
],
[
"deer",
"deer"
],
[
"elk",
"elk"
],
[
"wisent",
"wisent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hunting) herd of deer, elk, or wisents"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"swarm (large number of people or things)"
],
"id": "en-chmara-pl-noun-pMZshWKT",
"links": [
[
"swarm",
"swarm"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Far Masovian Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 29 11 5 35 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Clouds",
"orig": "pl:Clouds",
"parents": [
"Atmospheric phenomena",
"Atmosphere",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cloud"
],
"id": "en-chmara-pl-noun-VmgQELdT",
"links": [
[
"cloud",
"cloud"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete or dialectal, Far Masovian) cloud"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxma.ra/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxma.ra/",
"note": "Far Masovian"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ara"
},
{
"homophone": "Chmara"
}
],
"word": "chmara"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
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"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xmara",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xmara"
},
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xmara.",
"hyphenation": [
"chma‧ra"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "num",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Far Masovian Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A swarm of people was at the fair.",
"text": "Chmara narodu była na jermarku.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"swarm; many, a lot"
],
"id": "en-chmara-pl-num-CED1F5tL",
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{
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"swarm",
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],
[
"many",
"many"
],
[
"a lot",
"a lot"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Far Masovian) swarm; many, a lot [with genitive]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dużo"
},
{
"word": "wiele"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxma.ra/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxma.ra/",
"note": "Far Masovian"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ara"
},
{
"homophone": "Chmara"
}
],
"word": "chmara"
}
{
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"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish numerals",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
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"Rhymes:Polish/ara/2 syllables",
"pl:Birds",
"pl:Clouds",
"pl:Collectives",
"pl:Insects"
],
"etymology_templates": [
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},
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"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
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"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xmara",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "*xmara"
},
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xmara.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chmara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmary",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmary",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmarze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmarom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmarę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmary",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmarą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmarami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmarze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmarach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmaro",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chmary",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "chmara f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chma‧ra"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"swarm of flying insects"
],
"links": [
[
"swarm",
"swarm"
],
[
"flying",
"flying"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"flock of birds in flight"
],
"links": [
[
"flock",
"flock"
],
[
"bird",
"bird"
],
[
"flight",
"flight"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Hunting"
],
"glosses": [
"herd of deer, elk, or wisents"
],
"links": [
[
"hunting",
"hunting#Noun"
],
[
"herd",
"herd"
],
[
"deer",
"deer"
],
[
"elk",
"elk"
],
[
"wisent",
"wisent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hunting) herd of deer, elk, or wisents"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"swarm (large number of people or things)"
],
"links": [
[
"swarm",
"swarm"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Far Masovian Polish",
"Polish dialectal terms",
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"cloud"
],
"links": [
[
"cloud",
"cloud"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete or dialectal, Far Masovian) cloud"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxma.ra/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxma.ra/",
"note": "Far Masovian"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ara"
},
{
"homophone": "Chmara"
}
],
"word": "chmara"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish numerals",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ara",
"Rhymes:Polish/ara/2 syllables",
"pl:Birds",
"pl:Clouds",
"pl:Collectives",
"pl:Insects"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
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},
"expansion": "Inherited",
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},
{
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"5": "",
"g": "",
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"g3": "",
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"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
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"3": "*xmara"
},
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"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xmara.",
"hyphenation": [
"chma‧ra"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "num",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Far Masovian Polish",
"Polish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A swarm of people was at the fair.",
"text": "Chmara narodu była na jermarku.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"swarm; many, a lot"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "gen"
},
"expansion": "[with genitive]",
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"swarm",
"swarm"
],
[
"many",
"many"
],
[
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"a lot"
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],
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"(Far Masovian) swarm; many, a lot [with genitive]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dużo"
},
{
"word": "wiele"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxma.ra/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxma.ra/",
"note": "Far Masovian"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ara"
},
{
"homophone": "Chmara"
}
],
"word": "chmara"
}
Download raw JSONL data for chmara meaning in All languages combined (5.6kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: obsolete or dialectal, Far Masovian",
"path": [
"chmara"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chmara",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: obsolete or dialectal, Far Masovian",
"path": [
"chmara"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chmara",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Far Masovian",
"path": [
"chmara"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "numeral",
"title": "chmara",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Far Masovian",
"path": [
"chmara"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "numeral",
"title": "chmara",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.