See chiffre on Wiktionary
{ "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "chiffre" }, "expansion": "French chiffre", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "cipher", "3": "zero" }, "expansion": "Doublet of cipher and zero", "name": "doublet" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French chiffre. Doublet of cipher and zero.", "forms": [ { "form": "chiffres", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "chiffre (plural chiffres)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 3 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Music", "orig": "en:Music", "parents": [ "Art", "Sound", "Culture", "Energy", "Society", "Nature", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "2014, Peter Wegele, Max Steiner: Composing, Casablanca, and the Golden Age of Film Music:", "text": "At the end of the eighteenth century, French opera composers like A. E. Grétry (Richard Coeur de Lion, 1784), L. Cherubini (Medeé, 1797), and J. Fr. Le Cueur (Ossian ou les Bardes, 1804) began to “assign musical chiffres to precise dramatic situations or single figures on the stage, which were played again when these figures appeared again,” according to Bern University professor Anselm Gerhard.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A figure or motif (short melodic or lyrical passage that is repeated)." ], "id": "en-chiffre-en-noun-9peCBABy", "links": [ [ "music", "music" ], [ "figure", "figure" ], [ "motif", "motif" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(music) A figure or motif (short melodic or lyrical passage that is repeated)." ], "topics": [ "entertainment", "lifestyle", "music" ] } ], "word": "chiffre" } { "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "chiffrable" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "chiffrage" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "chiffre arabe" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "chiffre d’affaires" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "chiffre romain" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "chiffrement" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "chiffrer" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "déchiffrer" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "Chiffre", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ German: Chiffre", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ German: Chiffre" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cs", "2": "šifra", "3": "cifra", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Czech: šifra, cifra", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Czech: šifra, cifra" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ota", "2": "شیفره", "bor": "1", "tr": "şifre" }, "expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: شیفره (şifre)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: شیفره (şifre)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "tr", "2": "şifre" }, "expansion": "Turkish: şifre", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Turkish: şifre" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pl", "2": "szyfr", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Polish: szyfr", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Polish: szyfr" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ru", "2": "шифр", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Russian: шифр (šifr)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Russian: шифр (šifr)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Serbo-Croatian:" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "ши̏фра", "3": "ци̏фра", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "Cyrillic script: ши̏фра, ци̏фра", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Cyrillic script: ши̏фра, ци̏фра" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "šȉfra", "3": "cȉfra", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "Latin script: šȉfra, cȉfra", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Latin script: šȉfra, cȉfra" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "ML.", "3": "cifra", "4": "", "5": "zero" }, "expansion": "Medieval Latin cifra (“zero”)", "name": "uder" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "xaa", "3": "صفر", "4": "صِفر", "5": "empty", "tr": "ṣifr" }, "expansion": "Andalusian Arabic صِفر (ṣifr, “empty”)", "name": "uder" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "zéro" }, "expansion": "Doublet of zéro", "name": "doublet" } ], "etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin cifra (“zero”), from Andalusian Arabic صِفر (ṣifr, “empty”). Doublet of zéro.", "forms": [ { "form": "chiffres", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "m" }, "expansion": "chiffre m (plural chiffres)", "name": "fr-noun" } ], "lang": "French", "lang_code": "fr", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "nombre" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "numéro" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "49 2 2 16 16 7 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Andalusian Arabic links with redundant target parameters", "parents": [ "Links with redundant target parameters", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "46 1 1 16 19 9 7", "kind": "other", "name": "French entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "32 2 2 19 22 12 11", "kind": "other", "name": "French undefined derivations", "parents": [ "Undefined derivations", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "53 3 3 11 12 3 13", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 3 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "57 3 3 10 11 3 12", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "31 12 4 21 25 3 5", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "fr", "name": "Cryptography", "orig": "fr:Cryptography", "parents": [ "Computer science", "Formal sciences", "Mathematics", "Computing", "Sciences", "Technology", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "a digit i.e. 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9" ], "id": "en-chiffre-fr-noun-epkgr~~E", "links": [ [ "digit", "digit" ] ], "tags": [ "masculine" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "31 12 4 21 25 3 5", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "fr", "name": "Cryptography", "orig": "fr:Cryptography", "parents": [ "Computer science", "Formal sciences", "Mathematics", "Computing", "Sciences", "Technology", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "a number" ], "id": "en-chiffre-fr-noun-0k8foW0S", "raw_glosses": [ "(colloquial or dated) a number" ], "tags": [ "colloquial", "dated", "masculine" ] }, { "glosses": [ "figure (number)" ], "id": "en-chiffre-fr-noun-ndto1YNI", "links": [ [ "figure", "figure" ] ], "tags": [ "masculine" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "31 12 4 21 25 3 5", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "fr", "name": "Cryptography", "orig": "fr:Cryptography", "parents": [ "Computer science", "Formal sciences", "Mathematics", "Computing", "Sciences", "Technology", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "cipher (method of transforming a text to conceal meaning)" ], "id": "en-chiffre-fr-noun-KcQ1F3ry", "links": [ [ "cipher", "cipher" ] ], "tags": [ "masculine" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "31 12 4 21 25 3 5", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "fr", "name": "Cryptography", "orig": "fr:Cryptography", "parents": [ "Computer science", "Formal sciences", "Mathematics", "Computing", "Sciences", "Technology", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "cipher (code)" ], "id": "en-chiffre-fr-noun-nWmphuRS", "links": [ [ "cipher", "cipher" ] ], "tags": [ "masculine" ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "fr", "name": "Music", "orig": "fr:Music", "parents": [ "Art", "Sound", "Culture", "Energy", "Society", "Nature", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "figure" ], "id": "en-chiffre-fr-noun-iJOT-2ml", "links": [ [ "music", "music" ], [ "figure", "figure" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(music) figure" ], "tags": [ "masculine" ], "topics": [ "entertainment", "lifestyle", "music" ] }, { "glosses": [ "monogram" ], "id": "en-chiffre-fr-noun-7gC5O~Bj", "links": [ [ "monogram", "monogram" ] ], "tags": [ "masculine" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ʃifʁ/" }, { "audio": "Fr-chiffre.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/Fr-chiffre.ogg/Fr-chiffre.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Fr-chiffre.ogg" } ], "word": "chiffre" } { "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "chiffre" }, "expansion": "French: chiffre\n→ German: Chiffre\n→ Czech: šifra, cifra\n→ Ottoman Turkish: شیفره (şifre)\nTurkish: şifre\n→ Polish: szyfr\n→ Russian: шифр (šifr)\n→ Serbo-Croatian:\nCyrillic script: ши̏фра, ци̏фра\nLatin script: šȉfra, cȉfra", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "French: chiffre\n→ German: Chiffre\n→ Czech: šifra, cifra\n→ Ottoman Turkish: شیفره (şifre)\nTurkish: şifre\n→ Polish: szyfr\n→ Russian: шифр (šifr)\n→ Serbo-Croatian:\nCyrillic script: ши̏фра, ци̏фра\nLatin script: šȉfra, cȉfra" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "cifre", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Middle English: cifre, cyffre, siphre, sypher, syphyr\nEnglish: cipher, cypher", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "→ Middle English: cifre, cyffre, siphre, sypher, syphyr\nEnglish: cipher, cypher" } ], "forms": [ { "form": "chiffre oblique singular or", "tags": [ "canonical", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "chiffres", "tags": [ "oblique", "plural" ] }, { "form": "chiffres", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chiffre", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "m" }, "expansion": "chiffre oblique singular, m (oblique plural chiffres, nominative singular chiffres, nominative plural chiffre)", "name": "fro-noun" } ], "lang": "Old French", "lang_code": "fro", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 3 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "number; digit" ], "id": "en-chiffre-fro-noun-zqfy2Awr", "links": [ [ "number", "number" ], [ "digit", "digit" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "chifre" }, { "word": "ciffre" }, { "word": "cifre" }, { "word": "cyffre" }, { "word": "cyfre" } ] } ], "word": "chiffre" }
{ "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "chiffre" }, "expansion": "French chiffre", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "cipher", "3": "zero" }, "expansion": "Doublet of cipher and zero", "name": "doublet" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French chiffre. Doublet of cipher and zero.", "forms": [ { "form": "chiffres", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "chiffre (plural chiffres)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English doublets", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms with quotations", "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries", "en:Music" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "2014, Peter Wegele, Max Steiner: Composing, Casablanca, and the Golden Age of Film Music:", "text": "At the end of the eighteenth century, French opera composers like A. E. Grétry (Richard Coeur de Lion, 1784), L. Cherubini (Medeé, 1797), and J. Fr. Le Cueur (Ossian ou les Bardes, 1804) began to “assign musical chiffres to precise dramatic situations or single figures on the stage, which were played again when these figures appeared again,” according to Bern University professor Anselm Gerhard.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A figure or motif (short melodic or lyrical passage that is repeated)." ], "links": [ [ "music", "music" ], [ "figure", "figure" ], [ "motif", "motif" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(music) A figure or motif (short melodic or lyrical passage that is repeated)." ], "topics": [ "entertainment", "lifestyle", "music" ] } ], "word": "chiffre" } { "categories": [ "Andalusian Arabic links with redundant target parameters", "French 1-syllable words", "French countable nouns", "French doublets", "French entries with incorrect language header", "French lemmas", "French masculine nouns", "French nouns", "French terms derived from Andalusian Arabic", "French terms derived from Medieval Latin", "French terms with IPA pronunciation", "French undefined derivations", "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries", "fr:Cryptography" ], "derived": [ { "word": "chiffrable" }, { "word": "chiffrage" }, { "word": "chiffre arabe" }, { "word": "chiffre d’affaires" }, { "word": "chiffre romain" }, { "word": "chiffrement" }, { "word": "chiffrer" }, { "word": "déchiffrer" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "Chiffre", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ German: Chiffre", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ German: Chiffre" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cs", "2": "šifra", "3": "cifra", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Czech: šifra, cifra", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Czech: šifra, cifra" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ota", "2": "شیفره", "bor": "1", "tr": "şifre" }, "expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: شیفره (şifre)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: شیفره (şifre)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "tr", "2": "şifre" }, "expansion": "Turkish: şifre", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Turkish: şifre" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pl", "2": "szyfr", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Polish: szyfr", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Polish: szyfr" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ru", "2": "шифр", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Russian: шифр (šifr)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Russian: шифр (šifr)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Serbo-Croatian:" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "ши̏фра", "3": "ци̏фра", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "Cyrillic script: ши̏фра, ци̏фра", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Cyrillic script: ши̏фра, ци̏фра" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "šȉfra", "3": "cȉfra", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "Latin script: šȉfra, cȉfra", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Latin script: šȉfra, cȉfra" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "ML.", "3": "cifra", "4": "", "5": "zero" }, "expansion": "Medieval Latin cifra (“zero”)", "name": "uder" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "xaa", "3": "صفر", "4": "صِفر", "5": "empty", "tr": "ṣifr" }, "expansion": "Andalusian Arabic صِفر (ṣifr, “empty”)", "name": "uder" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "zéro" }, "expansion": "Doublet of zéro", "name": "doublet" } ], "etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin cifra (“zero”), from Andalusian Arabic صِفر (ṣifr, “empty”). Doublet of zéro.", "forms": [ { "form": "chiffres", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "m" }, "expansion": "chiffre m (plural chiffres)", "name": "fr-noun" } ], "lang": "French", "lang_code": "fr", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "word": "nombre" }, { "word": "numéro" } ], "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "a digit i.e. 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9" ], "links": [ [ "digit", "digit" ] ], "tags": [ "masculine" ] }, { "categories": [ "French colloquialisms", "French dated terms" ], "glosses": [ "a number" ], "raw_glosses": [ "(colloquial or dated) a number" ], "tags": [ "colloquial", "dated", "masculine" ] }, { "glosses": [ "figure (number)" ], "links": [ [ "figure", "figure" ] ], "tags": [ "masculine" ] }, { "glosses": [ "cipher (method of transforming a text to conceal meaning)" ], "links": [ [ "cipher", "cipher" ] ], "tags": [ "masculine" ] }, { "glosses": [ "cipher (code)" ], "links": [ [ "cipher", "cipher" ] ], "tags": [ "masculine" ] }, { "categories": [ "fr:Music" ], "glosses": [ "figure" ], "links": [ [ "music", "music" ], [ "figure", "figure" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(music) figure" ], "tags": [ "masculine" ], "topics": [ "entertainment", "lifestyle", "music" ] }, { "glosses": [ "monogram" ], "links": [ [ "monogram", "monogram" ] ], "tags": [ "masculine" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ʃifʁ/" }, { "audio": "Fr-chiffre.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/Fr-chiffre.ogg/Fr-chiffre.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Fr-chiffre.ogg" } ], "word": "chiffre" } { "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "chiffre" }, "expansion": "French: chiffre\n→ German: Chiffre\n→ Czech: šifra, cifra\n→ Ottoman Turkish: شیفره (şifre)\nTurkish: şifre\n→ Polish: szyfr\n→ Russian: шифр (šifr)\n→ Serbo-Croatian:\nCyrillic script: ши̏фра, ци̏фра\nLatin script: šȉfra, cȉfra", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "French: chiffre\n→ German: Chiffre\n→ Czech: šifra, cifra\n→ Ottoman Turkish: شیفره (şifre)\nTurkish: şifre\n→ Polish: szyfr\n→ Russian: шифр (šifr)\n→ Serbo-Croatian:\nCyrillic script: ши̏фра, ци̏фра\nLatin script: šȉfra, cȉfra" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "cifre", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Middle English: cifre, cyffre, siphre, sypher, syphyr\nEnglish: cipher, cypher", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "→ Middle English: cifre, cyffre, siphre, sypher, syphyr\nEnglish: cipher, cypher" } ], "forms": [ { "form": "chiffre oblique singular or", "tags": [ "canonical", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "chiffres", "tags": [ "oblique", "plural" ] }, { "form": "chiffres", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chiffre", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "m" }, "expansion": "chiffre oblique singular, m (oblique plural chiffres, nominative singular chiffres, nominative plural chiffre)", "name": "fro-noun" } ], "lang": "Old French", "lang_code": "fro", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Old French entries with incorrect language header", "Old French lemmas", "Old French masculine nouns", "Old French nouns", "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "glosses": [ "number; digit" ], "links": [ [ "number", "number" ], [ "digit", "digit" ] ] } ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "chifre" }, { "word": "ciffre" }, { "word": "cifre" }, { "word": "cyffre" }, { "word": "cyfre" } ], "word": "chiffre" }
Download raw JSONL data for chiffre meaning in All languages combined (7.8kB)
{ "called_from": "form_descriptions/1089", "msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'chiffre oblique singular or', originally 'chiffre oblique singular or m'", "path": [ "chiffre" ], "section": "Old French", "subsection": "noun", "title": "chiffre", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "form_descriptions/1089", "msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'chiffre oblique singular or', originally 'chiffre oblique singular or m'", "path": [ "chiffre" ], "section": "Old French", "subsection": "noun", "title": "chiffre", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "form_descriptions/1147", "msg": "suspicious related form tags ['masculine', 'canonical']: 'chiffre oblique singular or' in 'chiffre oblique singular, m (oblique plural chiffres, nominative singular chiffres, nominative plural chiffre)'", "path": [ "chiffre" ], "section": "Old French", "subsection": "noun", "title": "chiffre", "trace": "" }
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.