See carst on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "de",
"3": "Karst"
},
"expansion": "German Karst",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German Karst.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carsts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carstos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "carst m (plural carsts or carstos)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan nouns with multiple plurals",
"parents": [
"Nouns with multiple plurals",
"Nouns by inflection type",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ca",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "ca:Geology",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "càrstic"
}
],
"glosses": [
"karst"
],
"id": "en-carst-ca-noun-Gpr94Ljw",
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"karst",
"karst"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) karst"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkarst]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkaɾst]",
"tags": [
"Valencia"
]
}
],
"word": "carst"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "de",
"3": "Karst"
},
"expansion": "German Karst",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German Karst.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carst",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carstanna",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "carst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carstanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vocative",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "a charst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "a charstanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "an carst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na carstanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "an charst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na gcarstanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "leis an gcarst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "don charst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leis na carstanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "carst",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "charst",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gcarst",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "",
"11": "nominative plural",
"12": "carstanna",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "carst",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f4request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "carst m (genitive singular carst, nominative plural carstanna)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-",
"3": "carstanna"
},
"expansion": "carst m (genitive singular carst, nominative plural carstanna)",
"name": "ga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ga",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "ga:Geology",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"karst"
],
"id": "en-carst-ga-noun-Gpr94Ljw",
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"karst",
"karst"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) karst"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "boireann"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "carst"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "de",
"3": "Karst"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German Karst",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Karst.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carsturi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n-uri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "carst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carstul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carsturi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carsturile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carstului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carsturi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carsturilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carstule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "carsturilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "carsturi"
},
"expansion": "carst n (plural carsturi)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gpd": "carsturilor",
"gpi": "carsturi",
"gsd": "carstului",
"gsi": "carst",
"n": "",
"npd": "carsturile",
"npi": "carsturi",
"nsd": "carstul",
"nsi": "carst",
"vp": "carsturilor",
"vs": "carstule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"karst"
],
"id": "en-carst-ro-noun-Gpr94Ljw",
"links": [
[
"karst",
"karst"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "carst"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "carstes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "carstes"
},
"expansion": "carst m (plural carstes)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "karst"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of karst"
],
"id": "en-carst-es-noun-RMuobUqm",
"links": [
[
"karst",
"karst#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "carst"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "càrstic"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "de",
"3": "Karst"
},
"expansion": "German Karst",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German Karst.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carsts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carstos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "carst m (plural carsts or carstos)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Catalan countable nouns",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan masculine nouns",
"Catalan nouns",
"Catalan nouns with multiple plurals",
"Catalan nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Catalan terms derived from German",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ca:Geology"
],
"glosses": [
"karst"
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"karst",
"karst"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) karst"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkarst]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkaɾst]",
"tags": [
"Valencia"
]
}
],
"word": "carst"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "de",
"3": "Karst"
},
"expansion": "German Karst",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German Karst.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carst",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carstanna",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "carst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carstanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vocative",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "a charst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "a charstanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "an carst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na carstanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "an charst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na gcarstanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "leis an gcarst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "don charst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leis na carstanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "carst",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "charst",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gcarst",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "",
"11": "nominative plural",
"12": "carstanna",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "carst",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f4request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "carst m (genitive singular carst, nominative plural carstanna)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-",
"3": "carstanna"
},
"expansion": "carst m (genitive singular carst, nominative plural carstanna)",
"name": "ga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish fourth-declension nouns",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish masculine nouns",
"Irish nouns",
"Irish terms derived from German",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ga:Geology"
],
"glosses": [
"karst"
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"karst",
"karst"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) karst"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "boireann"
}
],
"word": "carst"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "de",
"3": "Karst"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German Karst",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Karst.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carsturi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n-uri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "carst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carstul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carsturi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carsturile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carstului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carsturi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carsturilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carstule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "carsturilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "carsturi"
},
"expansion": "carst n (plural carsturi)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gpd": "carsturilor",
"gpi": "carsturi",
"gsd": "carstului",
"gsi": "carst",
"n": "",
"npd": "carsturile",
"npi": "carsturi",
"nsd": "carstul",
"nsi": "carst",
"vp": "carsturilor",
"vs": "carstule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Romanian countable nouns",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian neuter nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Romanian terms borrowed from German",
"Romanian terms derived from German"
],
"glosses": [
"karst"
],
"links": [
[
"karst",
"karst"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "carst"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "carstes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "carstes"
},
"expansion": "carst m (plural carstes)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "karst"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of karst"
],
"links": [
[
"karst",
"karst#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "carst"
}
Download raw JSONL data for carst meaning in All languages combined (7.3kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: nominative",
"path": [
"carst"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carst",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: vocative",
"path": [
"carst"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carst",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: genitive",
"path": [
"carst"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carst",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: dative",
"path": [
"carst"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carst",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: nominative",
"path": [
"carst"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carst",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: genitive",
"path": [
"carst"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carst",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: dative",
"path": [
"carst"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carst",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: carst/Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"carst"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carst",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"carst"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carst",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'eclipsis'",
"path": [
"carst"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carst",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive-dative'",
"path": [
"carst"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carst",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (9e2b7d3 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.