"carceral" meaning in All languages combined

See carceral on Wiktionary

Adjective [English]

IPA: /ˈkɑːsəɹəl/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈkɑːsɹl̩/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈkɑɹsəɹəl/ [General-American], /ˈkɑɹsɹl̩/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-carceral.wav [Southern-England]
Etymology: From Late Latin carcerālis (“carceral”), from Latin carcer (“jail, prison”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to bend, turn, in the sense of an enclosure”)) + -ālis (“suffix forming adjectives of relationship from nouns”). Etymology templates: {{der|en|LL.|carcerālis||carceral}} Late Latin carcerālis (“carceral”), {{der|en|la|carcer||jail, prison}} Latin carcer (“jail, prison”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*(s)ker-||to bend, turn, in the sense of an enclosure}} Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to bend, turn, in the sense of an enclosure”), {{m|la|-ālis||suffix forming adjectives of relationship from nouns}} -ālis (“suffix forming adjectives of relationship from nouns”) Head templates: {{en-adj|-}} carceral (not comparable)
  1. (formal or literary) Of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison. Tags: formal, literary, not-comparable Categories (topical): Prison Derived forms: carcerality, carcerally Related terms: carcerate, carceration, decarcerate, decarceration, disincarcerate, disincarceration, incarcerate, incarceration Coordinate_terms: penal, penitentiary (english: of or relating to the punishment of criminals) Translations (of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison): سِجْنِيّ (sijniyy) (Arabic), турэ́мны (turémny) (Belarusian), цямні́чны (cjamníčny) (Belarusian), астро́жны (astróžny) (Belarusian), затво́рнически (zatvórničeski) (Bulgarian), carcerari (Catalan), 監獄的 (Chinese Mandarin), 监狱的 (jiānyù de) (Chinese Mandarin), vězeňský (Czech), fængsels- (Danish), vanglalik (Estonian), vankila- (Finnish), carcéral (French), Gefängnis- (German), börtön- (Hungarian), karcerala (Ido), carcerālis (Latin), więzienny (Polish), тюре́мный (tjurémnyj) (Russian), väzenský (Slovak), carcelario (Spanish), в'язни́чний (vʺjaznýčnyj) (Ukrainian), тюре́мний (tjurémnyj) (Ukrainian)

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for carceral meaning in All languages combined (10.9kB)

{
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        "1": "en",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "carcerālis",
        "4": "",
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  "etymology_text": "From Late Latin carcerālis (“carceral”), from Latin carcer (“jail, prison”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to bend, turn, in the sense of an enclosure”)) + -ālis (“suffix forming adjectives of relationship from nouns”).",
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
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      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "carcerality"
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          "word": "carcerally"
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      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1855, John Foxe, “Book VI. Pertaining to the Last Three Hundred Years from the Loosing Out of Satan.”, in The Church Historians of England. Reformation Period. The Acts and Monuments of John Foxe. […], volume III, part II, [London]: Seeleys, […], →OCLC, page 582",
          "text": "[O]n his showing signs of penitence, through favour they were contented that he should be released from his carceral endurance, in case he would put in sufficient surety in the king's chancery, and swear that he would never hold or favour any such opinions hereafter. And so, taking an oath of him, the archbishop committed him to the custody of the bishop of Worcester, to whom power and authority were permitted to release him, upon the conditions aforesaid.",
          "type": "quotation"
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          "ref": "[1861?], Bracebridge Hemyng, “Coaches, Whales, and Wings”, in The Dark Cloud with the Silver Lining, London: James Blackwood, […], →OCLC, page 32",
          "text": "This moon-calf of the imagination binds your reason, sir, in carceral chains.",
          "type": "quotation"
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        {
          "ref": "1987, J[osé] G[uilherme] Merquior, “Charting Carceral Society”, in Foucault, Berkeley, Los Angeles, Calif.: University of California Press, pages 95–96",
          "text": "For [Michel] Foucault makes no bones about it: we live – as direct heirs to the impulses and institutions first manifested in the high tide of rising of bourgeois society – under a ‘universal reign of the normative’ dominated by agents of normalcy and surveillance: the teacher-judge, the doctor-judge, the educator-judge, the social-worker-judge. And such a social world is plainly ‘a carceral network’ in ‘compact or disseminated forms’. […] The ‘carceral system’, therefore, extends ‘well beyond legal imprisonment’; prison is at bottom just its ‘pure form’ within a continuum of disciplinary apparatuses and ‘regional’ institutions.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2010 autumn, Elizabeth Bernstein, “Militarized Humanitarianism Meets Carceral Feminism: The Politics of Sex, Rights, and Freedom in Contemporary Antitrafficking Campaigns”, in Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, volume 36, number 1, Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 45–71",
          "text": "Instead, this article seeks to demonstrate the extent to which evangelical and feminist antitrafficking activism has been fueled by a shared commitment to carceral paradigms of social, and in particular gender, justice (what I here develop as “carceral feminism”) and to militarized humanitarianism as the preeminent mode of engagement by the state.",
          "type": "quotation"
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          "ref": "2011, Bernard E. Harcourt, “The Paris Marais and the Chicago Board of Trade”, in The Illusion of Free Markets: Punishment and the Myth of Natural Order, Cambridge, Mass., London: Harvard University Press, pages 42–43",
          "text": "Neoliberal penality and its earlier iterations have fertilized the carceral sphere. They have made possible, by resolving any possible cognitive dissonance, a world in which 71 percent of American respondents could favor the free-market economy as the very best system on which to base the future of the world and, at the very same time, live in a place that operates the world's biggest, most expensive, government-run, interventionist, prison system that incarcerates more than one out of every hundred adults in the country.",
          "type": "quotation"
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          "ref": "2016, Sonia Sotomayor, “Utah v. Strieff”, in U.S. Reports, volume 579, Washington, D.C.",
          "text": "By legitimizing the conduct that produces this double consciousness, this case tells everyone, white and black, guilty and innocent, that an officer can verify your legal status at any time. It says that your body is subject to invasion while courts excuse the violation of your rights. It implies that you are not a citizen of a democracy but the subject of a carceral state, just waiting to be cataloged.",
          "type": "quotation"
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          "ref": "2020 August 21, Jiménez, M. C. et al., “Epidemiology of COVID-19 among incarcerated individuals and staff in Massachusetts jails and prisons”, in JAMA, →DOI",
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          "type": "quotation"
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      "glosses": [
        "Of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison."
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      "id": "en-carceral-en-adj-USI-ZcwK",
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      "raw_glosses": [
        "(formal or literary) Of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison."
      ],
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        {
          "word": "carcerate"
        },
        {
          "word": "carceration"
        },
        {
          "word": "decarcerate"
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        {
          "word": "decarceration"
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        {
          "word": "disincarcerate"
        },
        {
          "word": "disincarceration"
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        {
          "word": "incarcerate"
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        {
          "word": "incarceration"
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      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "sijniyy",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "سِجْنِيّ"
        },
        {
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "turémny",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "турэ́мны"
        },
        {
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "cjamníčny",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "цямні́чны"
        },
        {
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "astróžny",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "астро́жны"
        },
        {
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "zatvórničeski",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "затво́рнически"
        },
        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "carcerari"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "監獄的"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "jiānyù de",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "监狱的"
        },
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "vězeňský"
        },
        {
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "fængsels-"
        },
        {
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "vanglalik"
        },
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          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "vankila-"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "carcéral"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "Gefängnis-"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "börtön-"
        },
        {
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "karcerala"
        },
        {
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "carcerālis"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "więzienny"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "tjurémnyj",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "тюре́мный"
        },
        {
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "väzenský"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "carcelario"
        },
        {
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "vʺjaznýčnyj",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "в'язни́чний"
        },
        {
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "tjurémnyj",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
          "word": "тюре́мний"
        }
      ]
    }
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      "ipa": "/ˈkɑːsəɹəl/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
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    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkɑːsɹl̩/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
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      "ipa": "/ˈkɑɹsəɹəl/",
      "tags": [
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      "ipa": "/ˈkɑɹsɹl̩/",
      "tags": [
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      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
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  ],
  "word": "carceral"
}
{
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      "word": "carcerality"
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      "name": "der"
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  "etymology_text": "From Late Latin carcerālis (“carceral”), from Latin carcer (“jail, prison”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to bend, turn, in the sense of an enclosure”)) + -ālis (“suffix forming adjectives of relationship from nouns”).",
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  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
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    {
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      "word": "decarcerate"
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      "word": "disincarceration"
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      "word": "incarcerate"
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        "English formal terms",
        "English lemmas",
        "English literary terms",
        "English terms derived from Late Latin",
        "English terms derived from Latin",
        "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "English terms suffixed with -al",
        "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "English terms with audio links",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English uncomparable adjectives",
        "en:Prison"
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          "ref": "1855, John Foxe, “Book VI. Pertaining to the Last Three Hundred Years from the Loosing Out of Satan.”, in The Church Historians of England. Reformation Period. The Acts and Monuments of John Foxe. […], volume III, part II, [London]: Seeleys, […], →OCLC, page 582",
          "text": "[O]n his showing signs of penitence, through favour they were contented that he should be released from his carceral endurance, in case he would put in sufficient surety in the king's chancery, and swear that he would never hold or favour any such opinions hereafter. And so, taking an oath of him, the archbishop committed him to the custody of the bishop of Worcester, to whom power and authority were permitted to release him, upon the conditions aforesaid.",
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          "text": "This moon-calf of the imagination binds your reason, sir, in carceral chains.",
          "type": "quotation"
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        {
          "ref": "1987, J[osé] G[uilherme] Merquior, “Charting Carceral Society”, in Foucault, Berkeley, Los Angeles, Calif.: University of California Press, pages 95–96",
          "text": "For [Michel] Foucault makes no bones about it: we live – as direct heirs to the impulses and institutions first manifested in the high tide of rising of bourgeois society – under a ‘universal reign of the normative’ dominated by agents of normalcy and surveillance: the teacher-judge, the doctor-judge, the educator-judge, the social-worker-judge. And such a social world is plainly ‘a carceral network’ in ‘compact or disseminated forms’. […] The ‘carceral system’, therefore, extends ‘well beyond legal imprisonment’; prison is at bottom just its ‘pure form’ within a continuum of disciplinary apparatuses and ‘regional’ institutions.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2010 autumn, Elizabeth Bernstein, “Militarized Humanitarianism Meets Carceral Feminism: The Politics of Sex, Rights, and Freedom in Contemporary Antitrafficking Campaigns”, in Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, volume 36, number 1, Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 45–71",
          "text": "Instead, this article seeks to demonstrate the extent to which evangelical and feminist antitrafficking activism has been fueled by a shared commitment to carceral paradigms of social, and in particular gender, justice (what I here develop as “carceral feminism”) and to militarized humanitarianism as the preeminent mode of engagement by the state.",
          "type": "quotation"
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        {
          "ref": "2011, Bernard E. Harcourt, “The Paris Marais and the Chicago Board of Trade”, in The Illusion of Free Markets: Punishment and the Myth of Natural Order, Cambridge, Mass., London: Harvard University Press, pages 42–43",
          "text": "Neoliberal penality and its earlier iterations have fertilized the carceral sphere. They have made possible, by resolving any possible cognitive dissonance, a world in which 71 percent of American respondents could favor the free-market economy as the very best system on which to base the future of the world and, at the very same time, live in a place that operates the world's biggest, most expensive, government-run, interventionist, prison system that incarcerates more than one out of every hundred adults in the country.",
          "type": "quotation"
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          "ref": "2016, Sonia Sotomayor, “Utah v. Strieff”, in U.S. Reports, volume 579, Washington, D.C.",
          "text": "By legitimizing the conduct that produces this double consciousness, this case tells everyone, white and black, guilty and innocent, that an officer can verify your legal status at any time. It says that your body is subject to invasion while courts excuse the violation of your rights. It implies that you are not a citizen of a democracy but the subject of a carceral state, just waiting to be cataloged.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2020 August 21, Jiménez, M. C. et al., “Epidemiology of COVID-19 among incarcerated individuals and staff in Massachusetts jails and prisons”, in JAMA, →DOI",
          "text": "Whereas rates of COVID-19 vary nationwide, our results add to a growing body of literature epmhasizing high COVID-19 rates in carceral settings and the importance of testing and decarceration.",
          "type": "quotation"
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        "(formal or literary) Of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison."
      ],
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      "ipa": "/ˈkɑːsɹl̩/",
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    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-carceral.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carceral.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carceral.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carceral.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carceral.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "sijniyy",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "سِجْنِيّ"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "turémny",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "турэ́мны"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "cjamníčny",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "цямні́чны"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "astróžny",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "астро́жны"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "zatvórničeski",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "затво́рнически"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "carcerari"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "監獄的"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "jiānyù de",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "监狱的"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "vězeňský"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "fængsels-"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "vanglalik"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "vankila-"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "carcéral"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "Gefängnis-"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "börtön-"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "karcerala"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "carcerālis"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "więzienny"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "tjurémnyj",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "тюре́мный"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "väzenský"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "carcelario"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "vʺjaznýčnyj",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "в'язни́чний"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "tjurémnyj",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison",
      "word": "тюре́мний"
    }
  ],
  "word": "carceral"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.