See caliginous on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "caligineux",
"4": "",
"5": "misty; obscure"
},
"expansion": "Middle French caligineux (“misty; obscure”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle French caligineux (“misty; obscure”), or directly from its Latin etymon cālīginōsus (“misty; dark, obscure”). Cālīginōsus is derived from cālīgō, cālīginis (“fog, mist, vapour; darkness, gloom”)) + -ōsus (suffix meaning ‘full of, prone to’ forming adjectives from nouns).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more caliginous",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most caliginous",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "caliginous (comparative more caliginous, superlative most caliginous)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "shining"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ous",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "caliginosity"
},
{
"word": "caliginously"
},
{
"word": "caliginousness"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1809, Edward Wells, “Of St. Paul’s Travels and Voyages into Phrygia, Galatia, Mysia, Troas, Macedonia, Achaia, &c. till His Fourth Return to Jerusalem, after His Conversion”, in An Historical Geography of the Old and New Testament: In Two Volumes, volume II, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, section I (Of St. Paul’s Travels, from His Leaving Jerusalem, after the Council there Held, to His Departure out of the Asiatic Continent for Europe), page 258:",
"text": "Hierapolis is ſeated over-againſt Laodicea, where are to be ſeen baths of hot waters, and the Plutonium. [...] The Plutonium is under the brow of the hill, the entrance into which is no wider than that a man can thruſt himſelf through; yet it is very deep within, of a quadrangular form, containing about the compaſs of half an acre, and is filled with ſuch a thick and caliginous air, that the ground cannot be ſeen.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1869 November, “The Land of the Malay: A Record of Travel in the Oriental Tropics”, in [Thomas] Mayne Reid, editor, Onward: A Magazine for the Young Manhood of America, New York, N.Y.: Onward Publishing Office, →OCLC, page 491:",
"text": "By the time breakfast was announced, the land had faded into a thin caliginous streak; and, except passing a huge unwieldy Chinese junk, which lay at anchor, though her lateen sails were hoisted, nothing worthy of note occurred during the day.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1981, T[homas] Coraghessan Boyle, “The Niger”, in Water Music, Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown, →ISBN; republished London: Granta Books, 1998, →ISBN, page 155:",
"text": "Inside the atmosphere was rank and caliginous: fumes rose from puddles, groans sifted through the shadows.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Francis Wheen, Strange Days Indeed: The Golden Age of Paranoia, paperback edition, London: Fourth Estate, HarperCollins Publishers, →ISBN, page 21:",
"text": "They say the darkest hour is just before the dawn, and caliginous thoughts often swirled through his murky, insomniac mind as he lay awake [...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Dark, obscure; murky."
],
"id": "en-caliginous-en-adj-U5Xe~7cI",
"links": [
[
"Dark",
"dark#Adjective"
],
[
"obscure",
"obscure"
],
[
"murky",
"murky"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic or literary) Dark, obscure; murky."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "caligation"
},
{
"word": "caligo"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dark"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəˈlɪdʒɪnəs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-caliginous.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-caliginous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-caliginous.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-caliginous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-caliginous.wav.ogg"
},
{
"enpr": "kə-lĭjʹə-nəs",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "-lĭjʹĭ-",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kəˈlɪd͡ʒənəs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-ˈlɪdʒɪ-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪdʒɪnəs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪdʒənəs"
}
],
"word": "caliginous"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "caliginosity"
},
{
"word": "caliginously"
},
{
"word": "caliginousness"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "caligineux",
"4": "",
"5": "misty; obscure"
},
"expansion": "Middle French caligineux (“misty; obscure”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle French caligineux (“misty; obscure”), or directly from its Latin etymon cālīginōsus (“misty; dark, obscure”). Cālīginōsus is derived from cālīgō, cālīginis (“fog, mist, vapour; darkness, gloom”)) + -ōsus (suffix meaning ‘full of, prone to’ forming adjectives from nouns).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more caliginous",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most caliginous",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "caliginous (comparative more caliginous, superlative most caliginous)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "caligation"
},
{
"word": "caligo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "shining"
}
],
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English literary terms",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms borrowed from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms suffixed with -ous",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪdʒənəs",
"Rhymes:English/ɪdʒənəs/4 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɪdʒɪnəs",
"Rhymes:English/ɪdʒɪnəs/4 syllables"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1809, Edward Wells, “Of St. Paul’s Travels and Voyages into Phrygia, Galatia, Mysia, Troas, Macedonia, Achaia, &c. till His Fourth Return to Jerusalem, after His Conversion”, in An Historical Geography of the Old and New Testament: In Two Volumes, volume II, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, section I (Of St. Paul’s Travels, from His Leaving Jerusalem, after the Council there Held, to His Departure out of the Asiatic Continent for Europe), page 258:",
"text": "Hierapolis is ſeated over-againſt Laodicea, where are to be ſeen baths of hot waters, and the Plutonium. [...] The Plutonium is under the brow of the hill, the entrance into which is no wider than that a man can thruſt himſelf through; yet it is very deep within, of a quadrangular form, containing about the compaſs of half an acre, and is filled with ſuch a thick and caliginous air, that the ground cannot be ſeen.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1869 November, “The Land of the Malay: A Record of Travel in the Oriental Tropics”, in [Thomas] Mayne Reid, editor, Onward: A Magazine for the Young Manhood of America, New York, N.Y.: Onward Publishing Office, →OCLC, page 491:",
"text": "By the time breakfast was announced, the land had faded into a thin caliginous streak; and, except passing a huge unwieldy Chinese junk, which lay at anchor, though her lateen sails were hoisted, nothing worthy of note occurred during the day.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1981, T[homas] Coraghessan Boyle, “The Niger”, in Water Music, Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown, →ISBN; republished London: Granta Books, 1998, →ISBN, page 155:",
"text": "Inside the atmosphere was rank and caliginous: fumes rose from puddles, groans sifted through the shadows.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Francis Wheen, Strange Days Indeed: The Golden Age of Paranoia, paperback edition, London: Fourth Estate, HarperCollins Publishers, →ISBN, page 21:",
"text": "They say the darkest hour is just before the dawn, and caliginous thoughts often swirled through his murky, insomniac mind as he lay awake [...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Dark, obscure; murky."
],
"links": [
[
"Dark",
"dark#Adjective"
],
[
"obscure",
"obscure"
],
[
"murky",
"murky"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic or literary) Dark, obscure; murky."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dark"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəˈlɪdʒɪnəs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-caliginous.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-caliginous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-caliginous.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-caliginous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-caliginous.wav.ogg"
},
{
"enpr": "kə-lĭjʹə-nəs",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "-lĭjʹĭ-",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kəˈlɪd͡ʒənəs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-ˈlɪdʒɪ-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪdʒɪnəs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪdʒənəs"
}
],
"word": "caliginous"
}
Download raw JSONL data for caliginous meaning in All languages combined (4.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.