"by-" meaning in All languages combined

See by- on Wiktionary

Prefix [English]

Etymology: From Middle English by (“town”), of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse býr (“dwelling, town”), from Proto-Germanic *būwiz (“dwelling”). Cognate with Danish by (“town”). More at bower. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*bʰuH-}}, {{inh|en|enm|by||town}} Middle English by (“town”), {{der|en|gmq}} North Germanic, {{der|en|non|býr||dwelling, town}} Old Norse býr (“dwelling, town”), {{der|en|gem-pro|*būwiz||dwelling}} Proto-Germanic *būwiz (“dwelling”), {{cog|da|by||town}} Danish by (“town”) Head templates: {{head|en|prefix|head=|sort=}} by-, {{en-prefix}} by-
  1. (now mostly non-productive) Town or city. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-by--en-prefix-9qHTZ1~F
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: bye-
Etymology number: 1

Prefix [English]

Etymology: Partly from a combining form of by (“by, near, around”), and partly continuing Middle English bi-, by-, from Old English bī- (“by, near, around”), from Proto-Germanic *bi- (“by-”). Cognate with Dutch bij-, German bei-. Etymology templates: {{der|en|enm|bi-}} Middle English bi-, {{der|en|ang|bī-||by, near, around}} Old English bī- (“by, near, around”), {{der|en|gem-pro|*bi-||by-}} Proto-Germanic *bi- (“by-”), {{cog|nl|bij-}} Dutch bij-, {{cog|de|bei-}} German bei- Head templates: {{head|en|prefix|head=|sort=}} by-, {{en-prefix}} by-
  1. Nearness or roundaboutness. Tags: morpheme Translations (nearness or roundaboutness): (roundaboutness) kerülő- (Hungarian), melletti (english: nearness) (Hungarian), közeli (Hungarian)
    Sense id: en-by--en-prefix-e0ZdaL0W Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages using catfix, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Swedish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 7 84 9 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 5 91 5 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 5 49 5 29 12 Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 12 54 2 31 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 9 54 2 30 5 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 6 59 1 30 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 7 67 26 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 14 78 7 Disambiguation of 'nearness or roundaboutness': 100 0
  2. Secondary, incidental, or parallel to. Tags: morpheme Translations (secondary, incidental, or parallel to): mellék- (Hungarian), mellékes (Hungarian), másodlagos (Hungarian), köztes (Hungarian), időközi (Hungarian), bi- (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-by--en-prefix-kj~Cxnft Disambiguation of 'secondary, incidental, or parallel to': 0 100
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: bye-
Etymology number: 2

Prefix [Middle English]

IPA: /ˈbiː-/
Etymology: Inherited from Old English bī-, from bī (Middle English by); compare bi-. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|enm|ang|bī-|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old English bī-, {{inh+|enm|ang|bī-}} Inherited from Old English bī-, {{m+|enm|by}} Middle English by Head templates: {{head|enm|prefix}} by-
  1. A prefix forming nouns, often denoting adjacency, position, or relation.; near, around Tags: morpheme Synonyms: bi-
    Sense id: en-by--enm-prefix-I858TRRJ
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Prefix [Middle English]

Head templates: {{head|enm|prefix}} by-
  1. Alternative form of bi- Tags: alt-of, alternative, morpheme Alternative form of: bi-
    Sense id: en-by--enm-prefix-2jTUIWoG
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰuH-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "by",
        "4": "",
        "5": "town"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English by (“town”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmq"
      },
      "expansion": "North Germanic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "býr",
        "4": "",
        "5": "dwelling, town"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse býr (“dwelling, town”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*būwiz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "dwelling"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *būwiz (“dwelling”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "by",
        "3": "",
        "4": "town"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish by (“town”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English by (“town”), of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse býr (“dwelling, town”), from Proto-Germanic *būwiz (“dwelling”). Cognate with Danish by (“town”). More at bower.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "prefix",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "by-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "by-",
      "name": "en-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "bylaw"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Town or city."
      ],
      "id": "en-by--en-prefix-9qHTZ1~F",
      "links": [
        [
          "Town",
          "town"
        ],
        [
          "city",
          "city"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "now mostly non-productive",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(now mostly non-productive) Town or city."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "bye-"
    }
  ],
  "word": "by-"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "bi-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English bi-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bī-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "by, near, around"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English bī- (“by, near, around”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*bi-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "by-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bi- (“by-”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "bij-"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch bij-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "bei-"
      },
      "expansion": "German bei-",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Partly from a combining form of by (“by, near, around”), and partly continuing Middle English bi-, by-, from Old English bī- (“by, near, around”), from Proto-Germanic *bi- (“by-”). Cognate with Dutch bij-, German bei-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "prefix",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "by-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "by-",
      "name": "en-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 84 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 91 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 49 5 29 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 54 2 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 54 2 30 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 59 1 30 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 67 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 78 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "bystander, bypass"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Nearness or roundaboutness."
      ],
      "id": "en-by--en-prefix-e0ZdaL0W",
      "links": [
        [
          "Nearness",
          "nearness"
        ],
        [
          "roundaboutness",
          "roundaboutness"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "nearness or roundaboutness",
          "word": "(roundaboutness) kerülő-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "hu",
          "english": "nearness",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "nearness or roundaboutness",
          "word": "melletti"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "nearness or roundaboutness",
          "word": "közeli"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "by-product, byform, by-path"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Secondary, incidental, or parallel to."
      ],
      "id": "en-by--en-prefix-kj~Cxnft",
      "links": [
        [
          "Secondary",
          "secondary"
        ],
        [
          "incidental",
          "incidental"
        ],
        [
          "parallel",
          "parallel"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "secondary, incidental, or parallel to",
          "word": "mellék-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "secondary, incidental, or parallel to",
          "word": "mellékes"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "secondary, incidental, or parallel to",
          "word": "másodlagos"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "secondary, incidental, or parallel to",
          "word": "köztes"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "secondary, incidental, or parallel to",
          "word": "időközi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "secondary, incidental, or parallel to",
          "word": "bi-"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "bye-"
    }
  ],
  "word": "by-"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "by-",
            "3": "be-"
          },
          "expansion": "English: by-, be-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: by-, be-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "by-",
            "3": "be-"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: by-, be-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: by-, be-"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bī-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English bī-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bī-"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English bī-",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "by"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English by",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English bī-, from bī (Middle English by); compare bi-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "by-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A prefix forming nouns, often denoting adjacency, position, or relation.; near, around"
      ],
      "id": "en-by--enm-prefix-I858TRRJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "near",
          "near"
        ],
        [
          "around",
          "around"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bi-"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbiː-/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "by-"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "by-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "bi-"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of bi-"
      ],
      "id": "en-by--enm-prefix-2jTUIWoG",
      "links": [
        [
          "bi-",
          "bi-#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "by-"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English prefixes",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from North Germanic languages",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Old Norse",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰuH-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English prefixes",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰuH-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "by",
        "4": "",
        "5": "town"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English by (“town”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmq"
      },
      "expansion": "North Germanic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "býr",
        "4": "",
        "5": "dwelling, town"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse býr (“dwelling, town”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*būwiz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "dwelling"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *būwiz (“dwelling”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "by",
        "3": "",
        "4": "town"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish by (“town”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English by (“town”), of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse býr (“dwelling, town”), from Proto-Germanic *būwiz (“dwelling”). Cognate with Danish by (“town”). More at bower.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "prefix",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "by-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "by-",
      "name": "en-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "bylaw"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Town or city."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Town",
          "town"
        ],
        [
          "city",
          "city"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "now mostly non-productive",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(now mostly non-productive) Town or city."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "bye-"
    }
  ],
  "word": "by-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English prefixes",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English prefixes",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "bi-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English bi-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bī-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "by, near, around"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English bī- (“by, near, around”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*bi-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "by-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bi- (“by-”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "bij-"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch bij-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "bei-"
      },
      "expansion": "German bei-",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Partly from a combining form of by (“by, near, around”), and partly continuing Middle English bi-, by-, from Old English bī- (“by, near, around”), from Proto-Germanic *bi- (“by-”). Cognate with Dutch bij-, German bei-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "prefix",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "by-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "by-",
      "name": "en-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "bystander, bypass"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Nearness or roundaboutness."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Nearness",
          "nearness"
        ],
        [
          "roundaboutness",
          "roundaboutness"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "by-product, byform, by-path"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Secondary, incidental, or parallel to."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Secondary",
          "secondary"
        ],
        [
          "incidental",
          "incidental"
        ],
        [
          "parallel",
          "parallel"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "bye-"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "nearness or roundaboutness",
      "word": "(roundaboutness) kerülő-"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "english": "nearness",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "nearness or roundaboutness",
      "word": "melletti"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "nearness or roundaboutness",
      "word": "közeli"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "secondary, incidental, or parallel to",
      "word": "mellék-"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "secondary, incidental, or parallel to",
      "word": "mellékes"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "secondary, incidental, or parallel to",
      "word": "másodlagos"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "secondary, incidental, or parallel to",
      "word": "köztes"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "secondary, incidental, or parallel to",
      "word": "időközi"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "secondary, incidental, or parallel to",
      "word": "bi-"
    }
  ],
  "word": "by-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English prefixes",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "by-",
            "3": "be-"
          },
          "expansion": "English: by-, be-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: by-, be-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "by-",
            "3": "be-"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: by-, be-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: by-, be-"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bī-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English bī-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "bī-"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English bī-",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "by"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English by",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English bī-, from bī (Middle English by); compare bi-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "by-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A prefix forming nouns, often denoting adjacency, position, or relation.; near, around"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "near",
          "near"
        ],
        [
          "around",
          "around"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbiː-/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "bi-"
    }
  ],
  "word": "by-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English prefixes",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "by-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "bi-"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of bi-"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bi-",
          "bi-#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "by-"
}

Download raw JSONL data for by- meaning in All languages combined (7.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (b941637 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.