See bruiken on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for bruiken meaning in All languages combined (4.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰruHg-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "bruken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bruken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*brūkan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *brūkan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*brūkan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *brūkan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*brūkaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *brūkaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brook"
},
"expansion": "English brook",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "brauchen"
},
"expansion": "German brauchen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch bruken, from Old Dutch *brūkan, from Proto-West Germanic *brūkan, from Proto-Germanic *brūkaną. Cognate to English brook and German brauchen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bruiken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bruiken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "bruik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bruiken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikten",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bruike",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bruiken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikten",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bruik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikend",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gebruikt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bruiken",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"brui‧ken"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bruik"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bruikbaar"
},
{
"word": "bruikleen"
},
{
"word": "gebruiken"
},
{
"word": "herbruiken"
},
{
"word": "misbruiken"
},
{
"word": "verbruiken"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to make use of, to use, to have use for"
],
"id": "en-bruiken-nl-verb-H9ZGp~2D",
"links": [
[
"make use",
"make use"
],
[
"use",
"use"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) to make use of, to use, to have use for"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrœy̯kə(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-œy̯kən"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-bruiken.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e3/Nl-bruiken.ogg/Nl-bruiken.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Nl-bruiken.ogg"
}
],
"word": "bruiken"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "bruikbaar"
},
{
"word": "bruikleen"
},
{
"word": "gebruiken"
},
{
"word": "herbruiken"
},
{
"word": "misbruiken"
},
{
"word": "verbruiken"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰruHg-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "bruken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bruken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*brūkan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *brūkan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*brūkan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *brūkan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*brūkaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *brūkaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brook"
},
"expansion": "English brook",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "brauchen"
},
"expansion": "German brauchen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch bruken, from Old Dutch *brūkan, from Proto-West Germanic *brūkan, from Proto-Germanic *brūkaną. Cognate to English brook and German brauchen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bruiken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bruiken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "bruik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bruiken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikten",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bruike",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bruiken",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikten",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bruik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bruikend",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gebruikt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bruiken",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"brui‧ken"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bruik"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch basic verbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰruHg-",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with archaic senses",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch transitive verbs",
"Dutch verbs",
"Dutch weak verbs",
"Rhymes:Dutch/œy̯kən",
"Rhymes:Dutch/œy̯kən/2 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"to make use of, to use, to have use for"
],
"links": [
[
"make use",
"make use"
],
[
"use",
"use"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) to make use of, to use, to have use for"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrœy̯kə(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-œy̯kən"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-bruiken.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e3/Nl-bruiken.ogg/Nl-bruiken.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Nl-bruiken.ogg"
}
],
"word": "bruiken"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (372f256 and 664a3bc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.