See boko on Wiktionary
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"2": "beak",
"3": "coconut",
"gloss1": "nose"
},
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"name": "blend"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Circa 1820. Multiple potential origins:\n# From beak (“nose”)\n# From French beaucoup (“very much”)\n# Blend of beak (“nose”) + coconut\n# From boke (“point; thrust”)\n# From poke, as in poke one's nose into",
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1943, W[illiam] E[arl] Johns, Biggles Fails to Return, page 115:",
"text": "[…] the way he hid the Pernod card and bumped me on the boko when I tried to have a dekko at it proves that.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1965, The Illustrated Weekly of India, volume 86, number 1, page 41:",
"text": "He sang Landor's lines in a quavering falsetto, then broke raucously into the schoolboy battle-cry of \"Hit him on the boko, hit him on the boko, Jericho!\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Mary Dobbs Wood, A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to Inventing My Childhood, page 45:",
"text": "He let out a yell, his eyes watering from the punch on the boko.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The nose."
],
"id": "en-boko-en-noun-jfhNqfL-",
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[
"boxing",
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[
"nose",
"nose"
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"raw_glosses": [
"(dated, West Midlands, originally boxing) The nose."
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"related": [
{
"word": "Boko Haram"
}
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{
"word": "nose"
}
],
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"West-Midlands",
"dated"
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],
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{
"ipa": "/ˈbəʊ.kəʊ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "bōʹkō",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈboʊ.koʊ/",
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"US"
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{
"rhymes": "-əʊkəʊ"
}
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"3": "buck"
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"expansion": "English buck",
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"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "buĉi"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of buĉi",
"name": "doublet"
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],
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{
"form": "bokon",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
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"form": "bokoj",
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"plural"
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],
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"neologism"
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{
"rhymes": "-oko"
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"args": {
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"name": "bor"
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],
"etymology_text": "Often stated to be borrowed from English book, but Paul Newman disputes this, stating that \"boko is an indigenous Hausa word originally connoting sham, fraud, deceit, or lack of authenticity. When the British colonial government imposed secular schools in northern Nigeria at the beginning of the 20th century, boko was applied in a pejorative sense to this new system. By semantic extension, boko came to acquire its current meaning of Hausa written in Roman script and Western education in general.\"",
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[
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{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
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[
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[
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"entrance"
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{
"word": "enireyo"
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{
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{
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[
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[
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{
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"2": "noun"
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"expansion": "boko",
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],
"etymology_text": "Compare Farefare boko (“hole”)",
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"form": "bogdo",
"tags": [
"plural"
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}
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],
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{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f1sc": "",
"f2sc": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "boko",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "boko",
"name": "tft-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ternate",
"lang_code": "tft",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 11 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ternate entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a kind of large drum"
],
"id": "en-boko-tft-noun-5T6EgVHA",
"links": [
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"drum",
"drum"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈbo.ko]"
}
],
"word": "boko"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "=",
"name": "="
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "=",
"name": "="
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "=",
"name": "="
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "=",
"name": "="
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "beaucoup",
"gloss": "very much"
},
"expansion": "French beaucoup (“very much”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "beak",
"3": "coconut",
"gloss1": "nose"
},
"expansion": "Blend of beak (“nose”) + coconut",
"name": "blend"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Circa 1820. Multiple potential origins:\n# From beak (“nose”)\n# From French beaucoup (“very much”)\n# Blend of beak (“nose”) + coconut\n# From boke (“point; thrust”)\n# From poke, as in poke one's nose into",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bokos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "boko (plural bokos)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "Boko Haram"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English dated terms",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊkəʊ",
"Rhymes:English/əʊkəʊ/2 syllables",
"West Midlands English",
"en:Boxing"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1943, W[illiam] E[arl] Johns, Biggles Fails to Return, page 115:",
"text": "[…] the way he hid the Pernod card and bumped me on the boko when I tried to have a dekko at it proves that.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1965, The Illustrated Weekly of India, volume 86, number 1, page 41:",
"text": "He sang Landor's lines in a quavering falsetto, then broke raucously into the schoolboy battle-cry of \"Hit him on the boko, hit him on the boko, Jericho!\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Mary Dobbs Wood, A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to Inventing My Childhood, page 45:",
"text": "He let out a yell, his eyes watering from the punch on the boko.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The nose."
],
"links": [
[
"boxing",
"boxing#Noun"
],
[
"nose",
"nose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated, West Midlands, originally boxing) The nose."
],
"tags": [
"West-Midlands",
"dated"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbəʊ.kəʊ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "bōʹkō",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈboʊ.koʊ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊkəʊ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nose"
}
],
"word": "boko"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "de",
"3": "Bock"
},
"expansion": "German Bock",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "en",
"3": "buck"
},
"expansion": "English buck",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "buĉi"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of buĉi",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German Bock, English buck. Doublet of buĉi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bokon",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bokoj",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bokojn",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "boko (accusative singular bokon, plural bokoj, accusative plural bokojn)",
"name": "eo-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bo‧ko"
],
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Esperanto doublets",
"Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
"Esperanto lemmas",
"Esperanto male roots",
"Esperanto neologisms",
"Esperanto nouns",
"Esperanto terms derived from English",
"Esperanto terms derived from German",
"Esperanto terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Esperanto/oko",
"eo:Mammals"
],
"glosses": [
"buck (male deer, goat, or other ruminant)"
],
"links": [
[
"buck",
"buck"
],
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"deer",
"deer"
],
[
"goat",
"goat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(neologism) buck (male deer, goat, or other ruminant)"
],
"tags": [
"neologism"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈboko]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oko"
}
],
"word": "boko"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mos",
"2": "boko",
"t": "hole"
},
"expansion": "Moore boko (“hole”)",
"name": "cognate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Moore boko (“hole”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bogro",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gur",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "bogro"
},
"expansion": "boko (plural bogro)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Farefare",
"lang_code": "gur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Farefare entries with incorrect language header",
"Farefare lemmas",
"Farefare nouns",
"Farefare terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"hole"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "/bò.kò/"
}
],
"word": "boko"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "bqc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Boko",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a word in the Boko language.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "boko m (uncountable)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Boko",
"French terms spelled with K",
"French uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"fr:Languages"
],
"glosses": [
"Boko language"
],
"links": [
[
"Boko",
"Boko"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "boo"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
],
"wikipedia": [
"fr:Boko (langue mandée)"
]
}
],
"word": "boko"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "bōkō",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "bōkō"
},
"expansion": "bōkō",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "bōkō"
},
"expansion": "bōkō",
"name": "got-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "𐌱𐍉𐌺𐍉"
}
],
"categories": [
"Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
"Gothic non-lemma forms",
"Gothic romanizations",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𐌱𐍉𐌺𐍉"
],
"links": [
[
"𐌱𐍉𐌺𐍉",
"𐌱𐍉𐌺𐍉#Gothic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "boko"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hausa entries with incorrect language header",
"Hausa lemmas",
"Hausa masculine nouns",
"Hausa nouns",
"Hausa terms borrowed from English",
"Hausa terms derived from English",
"Hausa terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ha",
"2": "en",
"3": "book"
},
"expansion": "English book",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Often stated to be borrowed from English book, but Paul Newman disputes this, stating that \"boko is an indigenous Hausa word originally connoting sham, fraud, deceit, or lack of authenticity. When the British colonial government imposed secular schools in northern Nigeria at the beginning of the 20th century, boko was applied in a pejorative sense to this new system. By semantic extension, boko came to acquire its current meaning of Hausa written in Roman script and Western education in general.\"",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bōkṑ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "bōkòn",
"tags": [
"possessed-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "bōkṑ"
},
"expansion": "bōkṑ m (possessed form bōkòn)",
"name": "ha-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Hausa",
"lang_code": "ha",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fraud, deceit, trick"
],
"links": [
[
"fraud",
"fraud"
],
[
"deceit",
"deceit"
],
[
"trick",
"trick"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a mock or imitation version of something real"
],
"links": [
[
"mock",
"mock"
],
[
"imitation",
"imitation"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Western education"
],
"links": [
[
"Western",
"Western"
],
[
"education",
"education"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Boko alphabet (Latin script used to write Hausa)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bóː.kòː/"
},
{
"ipa": "[bóː.kʷòː]",
"note": "Standard Kano Hausa"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Paul Newman (linguist)"
],
"word": "boko"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ido entries with incorrect language header",
"Ido lemmas",
"Ido nouns",
"Ido terms borrowed from Italian",
"Ido terms borrowed from Spanish",
"Ido terms derived from Italian",
"Ido terms derived from Latin",
"Ido terms derived from Spanish",
"Ido terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "mouthful",
"word": "bokedo"
},
{
"word": "boketo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "it",
"3": "bocca"
},
"expansion": "Italian bocca",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "es",
"3": "boca"
},
"expansion": "Spanish boca",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "bocca",
"5": "",
"6": "boca",
"nodot": "1"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian bocca, Spanish boca",
"name": "io-bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "la",
"3": "bucca"
},
"expansion": "Latin bucca",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian bocca, Spanish boca, from Latin bucca.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "boki",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "noun",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "boko",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bok"
},
"expansion": "boko (plural boki)",
"name": "io-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"io:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"mouth"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"mouth",
"mouth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) mouth"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"opening, entrance"
],
"links": [
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"entrance",
"entrance"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "enireyo"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"io:Geography"
],
"glosses": [
"mouth (of a river or stream)"
],
"links": [
[
"geography",
"geography"
],
[
"mouth",
"mouth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geography) mouth (of a river or stream)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fluvioboko"
}
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈboko/"
}
],
"word": "boko"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "boko",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ぼこ"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese non-lemma forms",
"Japanese romanizations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of ぼこ"
],
"links": [
[
"Rōmaji",
"romaji"
],
[
"ぼこ",
"ぼこ#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"Rōmaji",
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "boko"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "msk",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*buku"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buku",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From buku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buku.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "msk",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "boko",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mansaka",
"lang_code": "msk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mansaka entries with incorrect language header",
"Mansaka lemmas",
"Mansaka nouns",
"Mansaka terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Mansaka terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"knot"
],
"links": [
[
"knot",
"knot"
]
]
}
],
"word": "boko"
}
{
"categories": [
"Moore entries with incorrect language header",
"Moore lemmas",
"Moore nouns",
"Moore terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gur",
"2": "boko",
"t": "hole"
},
"expansion": "Farefare boko (“hole”)",
"name": "cognate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Farefare boko (“hole”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bogdo",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mos",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "bogdo"
},
"expansion": "boko (plural bogdo)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Moore",
"lang_code": "mos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hole"
],
"links": [
[
"hole",
"hole"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pothole"
],
"links": [
[
"pothole",
"pothole"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "/bò.kó/"
}
],
"word": "boko"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f1sc": "",
"f2sc": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "boko",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "boko",
"name": "tft-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ternate",
"lang_code": "tft",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Ternate entries with incorrect language header",
"Ternate lemmas",
"Ternate nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"a kind of large drum"
],
"links": [
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"drum",
"drum"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈbo.ko]"
}
],
"word": "boko"
}
Download raw JSONL data for boko meaning in All languages combined (12.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (db0bec0 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.