See barchan on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for barchan meaning in All languages combined (12.2kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ru",
"3": "барха́н"
},
"expansion": "Russian барха́н (barxán)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "kk",
"3": "барқан"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh барқан (barqan)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Russian барха́н (barxán), from Kazakh барқан (barqan).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barchans",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"ref": "1966, Edwin Sherbon Hills, Arid Lands: A Geographical Appraisal, page 72",
"text": "The sand is usually very well sorted in barchans, for it is constantly re-worked as the dune ‘marches’. The marching also causes cross-bedding inside the barchan, with a dip parallel to the sand-fall face.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1988, Robert Irwin, The Mysteries of Algiers, Dedalus, published 1993, page 69",
"text": "But to follow the dunes around the foot of their slopes is also tedious and one can walk for half a kilometre east or west, finding one barchan linked to another and no easy way through […].",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Julie Laity, Deserts and Desert Environments, page 205",
"text": "Barchans and transverse dunes are essentially of the same type, forming and migrating under a unidirectional wind regime. The difference between the two is related to the amount of sand: barchans are isolated mounds, whereas transverse dunes are composed of many barchans coalesced into a single, longer dune form (Tsoar 2001).",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Robert S. Anderson, Suzanne P. Anderson, Geomorphology: The Mechanics and Chemistry of Landscapes, page 482",
"text": "Perhaps the most distinctive is the barchan dune, an isolated crescentic form with arms that stretch downwind. Barchans are not huge, often with heights of only a few meters.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An arc-shaped sand ridge comprising well-sorted sand."
],
"id": "en-barchan-en-noun-OhOPF4cv",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "barchane"
},
{
"word": "barkan"
},
{
"word": "barkhan"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kaṯīb",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "كَثِيب"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kaṯīb hilāliyy",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "كَثِيب هِلَالِيّ"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "barxan"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "barxán",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барха́н"
},
{
"code": "bg",
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"roman": "barhán",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барха́н"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xīnyuè xíng shāqiū",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "新月形沙丘"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "barhaan"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "kaaridyyni"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barkhane"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "barxani",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "ბარხანი"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "baruhan",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "バルハン"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "barqan",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "барқан"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "döñ",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "дөң"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bareuhan",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "바르한"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "barhan",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "бархан"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "manx",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "манх"
},
{
"code": "fa",
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"roman": "barxân",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "برخان"
},
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"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barchan"
},
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"word": "барха́н"
},
{
"code": "tr",
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"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "barkan"
},
{
"code": "uk",
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"roman": "barxán",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
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"masculine"
],
"word": "барха́н"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "barxan"
}
],
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]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)ˈkɑːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)ˈxɑːn/"
},
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "barchan"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "barchanowy"
}
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"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
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{
"args": {
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"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "barchan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
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"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish barchan",
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},
{
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"1": "pl",
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"3": "بركان"
},
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish barchan, from Old High German barchan, from Arabic بركان.",
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"form": "barchan",
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{
"form": "barchanie",
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{
"_dis": "98 2",
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],
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"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbar.xan/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-arxan"
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],
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"_dis1": "0 0",
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},
"expansion": "Kazakh барқан (barqan)",
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{
"args": {
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"args": {
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"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Kazakh барқан (barqan) or from Turkmen.",
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"form": "barchan",
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"form": "barchanu",
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"form": "barchanów",
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{
"form": "barchanowi",
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"form": "barchanom",
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{
"form": "barchan",
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"form": "barchany",
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"form": "barchanem",
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"form": "barchanami",
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{
"form": "barchanie",
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"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbar.xan/"
},
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{
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"etymology_text": "From Russian барха́н (barxán), from Kazakh барқан (barqan).",
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"form": "barchans",
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"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
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{
"ref": "1966, Edwin Sherbon Hills, Arid Lands: A Geographical Appraisal, page 72",
"text": "The sand is usually very well sorted in barchans, for it is constantly re-worked as the dune ‘marches’. The marching also causes cross-bedding inside the barchan, with a dip parallel to the sand-fall face.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1988, Robert Irwin, The Mysteries of Algiers, Dedalus, published 1993, page 69",
"text": "But to follow the dunes around the foot of their slopes is also tedious and one can walk for half a kilometre east or west, finding one barchan linked to another and no easy way through […].",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Julie Laity, Deserts and Desert Environments, page 205",
"text": "Barchans and transverse dunes are essentially of the same type, forming and migrating under a unidirectional wind regime. The difference between the two is related to the amount of sand: barchans are isolated mounds, whereas transverse dunes are composed of many barchans coalesced into a single, longer dune form (Tsoar 2001).",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Robert S. Anderson, Suzanne P. Anderson, Geomorphology: The Mechanics and Chemistry of Landscapes, page 482",
"text": "Perhaps the most distinctive is the barchan dune, an isolated crescentic form with arms that stretch downwind. Barchans are not huge, often with heights of only a few meters.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An arc-shaped sand ridge comprising well-sorted sand."
],
"wikipedia": [
"barchan"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)ˈkɑːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)ˈxɑːn/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-barchan.wav",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "barchane"
},
{
"word": "barkan"
},
{
"word": "barkhan"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kaṯīb",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "كَثِيب"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kaṯīb hilāliyy",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "كَثِيب هِلَالِيّ"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "barxan"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "barxán",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барха́н"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "barhán",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барха́н"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xīnyuè xíng shāqiū",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "新月形沙丘"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "barhaan"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "kaaridyyni"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barkhane"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "barxani",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "ბარხანი"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "baruhan",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "バルハン"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "barqan",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "барқан"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "döñ",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "дөң"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bareuhan",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "바르한"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "barhan",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "бархан"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "manx",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "манх"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "barxân",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "برخان"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barchan"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "barxán",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барха́н"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "barkan"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "barxán",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барха́н"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "arc-shaped sand ridge",
"word": "barxan"
}
],
"word": "barchan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from Kazakh",
"Polish terms borrowed from Turkmen",
"Polish terms derived from Arabic",
"Polish terms derived from Kazakh",
"Polish terms derived from Old High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Turkmen",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Polish/arxan",
"Rhymes:Polish/arxan/2 syllables",
"pl:Fabrics",
"pl:Landforms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "barchanowy"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "barchan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish barchan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "barchan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish barchan",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "goh",
"3": "barchan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German barchan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ar",
"3": "بركان"
},
"expansion": "Arabic بركان",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish barchan, from Old High German barchan, from Arabic بركان.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "barchan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barchany",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barchanu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barchanów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barchanowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barchanom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barchan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barchany",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barchanem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barchanami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barchanie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barchanach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barchanie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "barchany",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "barchan m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bar‧chan"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fustian"
],
"links": [
[
"fustian",
"fustian"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbar.xan/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-arxan"
}
],
"word": "barchan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from Kazakh",
"Polish terms borrowed from Turkmen",
"Polish terms derived from Kazakh",
"Polish terms derived from Turkmen",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Polish/arxan",
"Rhymes:Polish/arxan/2 syllables",
"pl:Fabrics",
"pl:Landforms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "barchanowy"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kk",
"3": "барқан",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Kazakh барқан (barqan)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kk",
"3": "барқан"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Kazakh барқан (barqan)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "tk",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Kazakh барқан (barqan) or from Turkmen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "barchan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barchany",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barchanu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barchanów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barchanowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barchanom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barchan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barchany",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barchanem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barchanami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barchanie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barchanach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barchanie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "barchany",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "barchan m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bar‧chan"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"barchan"
],
"links": [
[
"barchan",
"barchan#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbar.xan/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-arxan"
}
],
"word": "barchan"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.