See backfire on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for backfire meaning in All languages combined (9.7kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "back",
"3": "fire"
},
"expansion": "back + fire",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "back + fire.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "backfires",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "backfiring",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "backfired",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "backfired",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "backfire (third-person singular simple present backfires, present participle backfiring, simple past and past participle backfired)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 7 21 0 35 2 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To fire in the opposite direction, for example due to an obstruction in the barrel."
],
"id": "en-backfire-en-verb-USiPKYNz",
"links": [
[
"barrel",
"barrel"
]
],
"qualifier": "cannon",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a gun, cannon, Bunsen burner, etc.) To fire in the opposite direction, for example due to an obstruction in the barrel."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a gun"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To experience a premature ignition of fuel or an ignition of exhaust gases, making a popping sound."
],
"id": "en-backfire-en-verb-8JDldX-b",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a reciprocating engine) To experience a premature ignition of fuel or an ignition of exhaust gases, making a popping sound."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a reciprocating engine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 9 27 0 21 2 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "His attempt to make money by importing luxury cars backfired horribly when fuel prices tripled.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Her plan backfired on her.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2023 August 9, Nigel Harris, “Comment: Disinterested and dishonest”, in RAIL, number 989, page 3",
"text": "Obsessed only with cost, 'Sir Humphrey' saw that Transport for London 'got away' with ticket office closures on the Tube with only minor public pushback and miscalculated that it could do the same on the national network. This assumption backfired spectacularly.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To fail in a manner that brings down further misfortune."
],
"id": "en-backfire-en-verb-EpXDBj3n",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "give bagslag"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "falen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "averechts werken"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "kostautua"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "epäonnistua"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "mennä pieleen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "se retourner contre"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "avoir l’effet inverse"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "retour de flamme"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "contrecoup subi"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "fehlschlagen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "nach hinten losgehen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "avere effetto contrario"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "sair pela culatra"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "sair o tiro pela culatra"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "privodítʹ k obrátnym rezulʹtátam",
"sense": "fail",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "приводи́ть к обра́тным результа́там"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "privestí k obrátnym rezulʹtátam",
"sense": "fail",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "привести́ к обра́тным результа́там"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "vratiti se"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "obiti se o glavu"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "salir el tiro por la culata"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "tener el efecto contrario"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "tener efecto retroactivo"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "tener contraefecto"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "jugar una mala pasada"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 94",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "slå slint"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bækˈfaɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"verb"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbækfaɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"verb"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbækfaɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"noun"
]
},
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"backfire"
],
"word": "backfire"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "backfire effect"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "back",
"3": "fire"
},
"expansion": "back + fire",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "back + fire.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "backfires",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "backfire (plural backfires)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "back fire"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Firefighting",
"orig": "en:Firefighting",
"parents": [
"Emergency services",
"Fire",
"Public safety",
"Combustion",
"Light sources",
"Public administration",
"Security",
"Chemical processes",
"Light",
"Government",
"Society",
"Nature",
"Energy",
"Politics",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of back fire"
],
"id": "en-backfire-en-noun-MIgzVxNy",
"links": [
[
"firefighting",
"firefighting"
],
[
"back fire",
"back fire#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(firefighting) Alternative spelling of back fire"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
],
"topics": [
"firefighting",
"government"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A premature explosion in the cylinder of a gas or oil engine during the exhaust or the compression stroke, tending to drive the piston in the wrong direction."
],
"id": "en-backfire-en-noun-IEBKnCq3",
"links": [
[
"premature",
"premature"
],
[
"explosion",
"explosion"
],
[
"cylinder",
"cylinder"
],
[
"engine",
"engine"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "3 52 24 21",
"sense": "premature explosion in engine cylinder",
"word": "knock"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 52 24 21",
"sense": "premature explosion in engine cylinder",
"word": "ping"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An explosion in the exhaust passages of an internal combustion engine."
],
"id": "en-backfire-en-noun-khdgR~zy",
"links": [
[
"internal combustion engine",
"internal combustion engine"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1962 July, “Failures of multiple-unit electric trains on British Railways”, in Modern Railways, page 53",
"text": "The chief causes of rectifier backfiring in the Glasgow units were overheating or unfavourable anode/cathode temperature differential; it has proved possible to overcome these, although occasional backfires do still occur.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An explosion in other equipment."
],
"id": "en-backfire-en-noun-Ns8RYP2z"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bækˈfaɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"verb"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbækfaɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"verb"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbækfaɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"noun"
]
},
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
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"tags": [
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],
"wikipedia": [
"Mercedes-Benz C-class",
"backfire"
],
"word": "backfire"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English phrasal nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs"
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"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "back",
"3": "fire"
},
"expansion": "back + fire",
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}
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"etymology_text": "back + fire.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "backfires",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "backfiring",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "backfired",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "backfired",
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}
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"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
"expansion": "backfire (third-person singular simple present backfires, present participle backfiring, simple past and past participle backfired)",
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}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To fire in the opposite direction, for example due to an obstruction in the barrel."
],
"links": [
[
"barrel",
"barrel"
]
],
"qualifier": "cannon",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a gun, cannon, Bunsen burner, etc.) To fire in the opposite direction, for example due to an obstruction in the barrel."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a gun"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To experience a premature ignition of fuel or an ignition of exhaust gases, making a popping sound."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a reciprocating engine) To experience a premature ignition of fuel or an ignition of exhaust gases, making a popping sound."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a reciprocating engine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "His attempt to make money by importing luxury cars backfired horribly when fuel prices tripled.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Her plan backfired on her.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2023 August 9, Nigel Harris, “Comment: Disinterested and dishonest”, in RAIL, number 989, page 3",
"text": "Obsessed only with cost, 'Sir Humphrey' saw that Transport for London 'got away' with ticket office closures on the Tube with only minor public pushback and miscalculated that it could do the same on the national network. This assumption backfired spectacularly.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To fail in a manner that brings down further misfortune."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bækˈfaɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"verb"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbækfaɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"verb"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbækfaɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"noun"
]
},
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"tags": [
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"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
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"tags": [
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}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "give bagslag"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "falen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "averechts werken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "kostautua"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "epäonnistua"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "mennä pieleen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "se retourner contre"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "avoir l’effet inverse"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "retour de flamme"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "contrecoup subi"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "fehlschlagen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "nach hinten losgehen"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "avere effetto contrario"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "sair pela culatra"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "sair o tiro pela culatra"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "privodítʹ k obrátnym rezulʹtátam",
"sense": "fail",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "приводи́ть к обра́тным результа́там"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "privestí k obrátnym rezulʹtátam",
"sense": "fail",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "привести́ к обра́тным результа́там"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "vratiti se"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "obiti se o glavu"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "salir el tiro por la culata"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "tener el efecto contrario"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "tener efecto retroactivo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "tener contraefecto"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "jugar una mala pasada"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "fail",
"word": "slå slint"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"backfire"
],
"word": "backfire"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English phrasal nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "backfire effect"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "back",
"3": "fire"
},
"expansion": "back + fire",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "back + fire.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "backfires",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "backfire (plural backfires)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "back fire"
}
],
"categories": [
"en:Firefighting"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of back fire"
],
"links": [
[
"firefighting",
"firefighting"
],
[
"back fire",
"back fire#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(firefighting) Alternative spelling of back fire"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
],
"topics": [
"firefighting",
"government"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A premature explosion in the cylinder of a gas or oil engine during the exhaust or the compression stroke, tending to drive the piston in the wrong direction."
],
"links": [
[
"premature",
"premature"
],
[
"explosion",
"explosion"
],
[
"cylinder",
"cylinder"
],
[
"engine",
"engine"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An explosion in the exhaust passages of an internal combustion engine."
],
"links": [
[
"internal combustion engine",
"internal combustion engine"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1962 July, “Failures of multiple-unit electric trains on British Railways”, in Modern Railways, page 53",
"text": "The chief causes of rectifier backfiring in the Glasgow units were overheating or unfavourable anode/cathode temperature differential; it has proved possible to overcome these, although occasional backfires do still occur.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An explosion in other equipment."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bækˈfaɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"verb"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbækfaɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"verb"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbækfaɪə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"noun"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-backfire.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-backfire.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-backfire.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-backfire.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-backfire.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-backfire2.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-backfire2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-backfire2.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-backfire2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-backfire2.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "premature explosion in engine cylinder",
"word": "knock"
},
{
"sense": "premature explosion in engine cylinder",
"word": "ping"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Mercedes-Benz C-class",
"backfire"
],
"word": "backfire"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: of a gun, cannon, Bunsen burner, etc.",
"path": [
"backfire"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "backfire",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: of a gun, cannon, Bunsen burner, etc.",
"path": [
"backfire"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "backfire",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.