See bōtō on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bōtalausaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bōtijaną"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*bōtu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *bōtu\nOld English: bōt\nMiddle English: bot, bote, boote\nEnglish: boot\n→ English: bote\nScots: bute, buit\nOld Frisian: bōte\nSaterland Frisian: Boate\nWest Frisian: boete\nOld Saxon: bōta\nMiddle Low German: bote, bôte, bute\nLow German: Bote\nOld Dutch: *buota\nMiddle Dutch: boete\nDutch: boete\nAfrikaans: boete\nOld High German: buoza, buoz\nMiddle High German: buoze\nGerman: Buße\nLuxembourgish: Bouss",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *bōtu\nOld English: bōt\nMiddle English: bot, bote, boote\nEnglish: boot\n→ English: bote\nScots: bute, buit\nOld Frisian: bōte\nSaterland Frisian: Boate\nWest Frisian: boete\nOld Saxon: bōta\nMiddle Low German: bote, bôte, bute\nLow German: Bote\nOld Dutch: *buota\nMiddle Dutch: boete\nDutch: boete\nAfrikaans: boete\nOld High German: buoza, buoz\nMiddle High German: buoze\nGerman: Buße\nLuxembourgish: Bouss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "bót"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: bót",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: bót"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "bót"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: bót",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: bót"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "bót"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: bót",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: bót"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "bot"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: bot",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: bot"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "bot",
"alt": "bōt"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: bōt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: bōt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "bot"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: bot",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: bot"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Danish: bod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: bod"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "bot"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: bot",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: bot"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌰"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌰 (bōta)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌰 (bōta)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰoHd-eh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰoHd-eh₂-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *bʰoHd-eh₂-, from *bʰed-, *bʰeHd- (“to improve”). Synchronically analyzed as an ō-stem nominal formation from the root *bat underlying *batiz (“better”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bōtō",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bataną"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bataz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "batiz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "batnaną"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "batô"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "batōną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"improvement, betterment"
],
"id": "en-bōtō-gem-pro-noun-YIwm~Hw~",
"links": [
[
"improvement",
"improvement"
],
[
"betterment",
"betterment"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"recompense, atonement"
],
"id": "en-bōtō-gem-pro-noun-CNPZ2KPF",
"links": [
[
"recompense",
"recompense"
],
[
"atonement",
"atonement"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɔː.tɔː/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "bōtō"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "bōtō",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ぼうとう"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of ぼうとう"
],
"id": "en-bōtō-ja-romanization-iJn3gdPD",
"links": [
[
"Rōmaji",
"romaji"
],
[
"ぼうとう",
"ぼうとう#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"Rōmaji",
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "bōtō"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "bōtō",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ぼうとう"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese non-lemma forms",
"Japanese romanizations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of ぼうとう"
],
"links": [
[
"Rōmaji",
"romaji"
],
[
"ぼうとう",
"ぼうとう#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"Rōmaji",
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "bōtō"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic ō-stem nouns"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bōtalausaz"
},
{
"word": "bōtijaną"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*bōtu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *bōtu\nOld English: bōt\nMiddle English: bot, bote, boote\nEnglish: boot\n→ English: bote\nScots: bute, buit\nOld Frisian: bōte\nSaterland Frisian: Boate\nWest Frisian: boete\nOld Saxon: bōta\nMiddle Low German: bote, bôte, bute\nLow German: Bote\nOld Dutch: *buota\nMiddle Dutch: boete\nDutch: boete\nAfrikaans: boete\nOld High German: buoza, buoz\nMiddle High German: buoze\nGerman: Buße\nLuxembourgish: Bouss",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *bōtu\nOld English: bōt\nMiddle English: bot, bote, boote\nEnglish: boot\n→ English: bote\nScots: bute, buit\nOld Frisian: bōte\nSaterland Frisian: Boate\nWest Frisian: boete\nOld Saxon: bōta\nMiddle Low German: bote, bôte, bute\nLow German: Bote\nOld Dutch: *buota\nMiddle Dutch: boete\nDutch: boete\nAfrikaans: boete\nOld High German: buoza, buoz\nMiddle High German: buoze\nGerman: Buße\nLuxembourgish: Bouss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "bót"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: bót",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: bót"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "bót"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: bót",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: bót"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "bót"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: bót",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: bót"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "bot"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: bot",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: bot"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "bot",
"alt": "bōt"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: bōt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: bōt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "bot"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: bot",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: bot"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Danish: bod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: bod"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "bot"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: bot",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: bot"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌰"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌰 (bōta)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌰 (bōta)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰoHd-eh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰoHd-eh₂-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *bʰoHd-eh₂-, from *bʰed-, *bʰeHd- (“to improve”). Synchronically analyzed as an ō-stem nominal formation from the root *bat underlying *batiz (“better”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōtōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bōtō",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "bataną"
},
{
"word": "bataz"
},
{
"word": "batiz"
},
{
"word": "batnaną"
},
{
"word": "batô"
},
{
"word": "batōną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"improvement, betterment"
],
"links": [
[
"improvement",
"improvement"
],
[
"betterment",
"betterment"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"recompense, atonement"
],
"links": [
[
"recompense",
"recompense"
],
[
"atonement",
"atonement"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɔː.tɔː/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "bōtō"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bōtō meaning in All languages combined (5.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.