"aspru" meaning in All languages combined

See aspru on Wiktionary

Adjective [Romanian]

IPA: /ˈas.pru/ Audio: LL-Q7913 (ron)-Filosoful-aspru.wav
Etymology: Inherited from Latin asperum, singular accusative of asper (“rough”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂esp- (“to cut”). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ro|la|asperum|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Latin asperum, {{inh+|ro|la|asperum}} Inherited from Latin asperum, {{m|la|asper||rough}} asper (“rough”), {{der|ro|ine-pro|*h₂esp-||to cut}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂esp- (“to cut”) Head templates: {{ro-adj}} aspru m or n (feminine singular aspră, masculine plural aspri, feminine and neuter plural aspre) Inflection templates: {{ro-decl-adj}} Forms: aspră [feminine, singular], aspri [masculine, plural], aspre [feminine, neuter, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], aspru [accusative, indefinite, masculine, neuter, nominative, singular], aspră [accusative, feminine, indefinite, nominative, singular], aspri [accusative, indefinite, masculine, nominative, plural], aspre [accusative, feminine, indefinite, neuter, nominative, plural], asprul [accusative, definite, masculine, neuter, nominative, singular], aspra [accusative, definite, feminine, nominative, singular], asprii [accusative, definite, masculine, nominative, plural], asprele [accusative, definite, feminine, neuter, nominative, plural], aspru [dative, genitive, indefinite, masculine, neuter, singular], aspre [dative, feminine, genitive, indefinite, singular], aspri [dative, genitive, indefinite, masculine, plural], aspre [dative, feminine, genitive, indefinite, neuter, plural], asprului [dative, definite, genitive, masculine, neuter, singular], asprei [dative, definite, feminine, genitive, singular], asprilor [dative, definite, genitive, masculine, plural], asprelor [dative, definite, feminine, genitive, neuter, plural]
  1. rough, coarse Tags: masculine, neuter
    Sense id: en-aspru-ro-adj-2CZ60hNb Categories (other): Romanian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Romanian entries with incorrect language header: 27 29 29 15
  2. severe, harsh Tags: masculine, neuter
    Sense id: en-aspru-ro-adj-7kWtm8Pl Categories (other): Romanian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Romanian entries with incorrect language header: 27 29 29 15
  3. rugged Tags: masculine, neuter
    Sense id: en-aspru-ro-adj-49IApd0i Categories (other): Romanian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Romanian entries with incorrect language header: 27 29 29 15
  4. keen Tags: masculine, neuter
    Sense id: en-aspru-ro-adj-dHG9sXZa Categories (other): Romanian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Romanian entries with incorrect language header: 27 29 29 15
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: asprime

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for aspru meaning in All languages combined (5.2kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "asprime"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "asperum",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin asperum",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "asperum"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Latin asperum",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "asper",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rough"
      },
      "expansion": "asper (“rough”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂esp-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to cut"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂esp- (“to cut”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin asperum, singular accusative of asper (“rough”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂esp- (“to cut”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "aspră",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspri",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspre",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-decl-adj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspră",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspri",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asprul",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asprii",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asprele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspri",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asprului",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asprei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asprilor",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asprelor",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "aspru m or n (feminine singular aspră, masculine plural aspri, feminine and neuter plural aspre)",
      "name": "ro-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "ro-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "27 29 29 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rough, coarse"
      ],
      "id": "en-aspru-ro-adj-2CZ60hNb",
      "links": [
        [
          "rough",
          "rough"
        ],
        [
          "coarse",
          "coarse"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "27 29 29 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "severe, harsh"
      ],
      "id": "en-aspru-ro-adj-7kWtm8Pl",
      "links": [
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ],
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "27 29 29 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rugged"
      ],
      "id": "en-aspru-ro-adj-49IApd0i",
      "links": [
        [
          "rugged",
          "rugged"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "27 29 29 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "keen"
      ],
      "id": "en-aspru-ro-adj-dHG9sXZa",
      "links": [
        [
          "keen",
          "keen"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈas.pru/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Filosoful-aspru.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f6/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-aspru.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-aspru.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f6/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-aspru.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-aspru.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "aspru"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Romanian adjectives",
    "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Romanian lemmas",
    "Romanian terms derived from Latin",
    "Romanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Romanian terms inherited from Latin",
    "Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Romanian terms with audio links"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "asprime"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "asperum",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin asperum",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "asperum"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Latin asperum",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "asper",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rough"
      },
      "expansion": "asper (“rough”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂esp-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to cut"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂esp- (“to cut”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin asperum, singular accusative of asper (“rough”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂esp- (“to cut”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "aspră",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspri",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspre",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-decl-adj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspră",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspri",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asprul",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asprii",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asprele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspri",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aspre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asprului",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asprei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asprilor",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asprelor",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "aspru m or n (feminine singular aspră, masculine plural aspri, feminine and neuter plural aspre)",
      "name": "ro-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "ro-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "rough, coarse"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rough",
          "rough"
        ],
        [
          "coarse",
          "coarse"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "severe, harsh"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ],
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "rugged"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rugged",
          "rugged"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "keen"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "keen",
          "keen"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈas.pru/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Filosoful-aspru.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f6/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-aspru.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-aspru.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f6/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-aspru.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-aspru.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "aspru"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.