"ainijaz" meaning in All languages combined

See ainijaz on Wiktionary

Noun [Proto-Germanic]

Etymology: The details of the derivation and those of the supposed cognates are uncertain, but seemingly related to the beginning element of Latin iūniperus (“juniper”), as well as perhaps to Hittite 𒂊𒅀𒀭 (e-i̯a-an /⁠ei̯an-⁠/, “(a kind of) evergreen tree (yew?)”), in which case they may be from a Proto-Indo-European acrostatic n-stem noun *h₁óy-n- ~ *h₁éy-n-s. The Germanic form points to *h₁oy-n-yo-, which may have been a collective formation along with the Latin. Orel also compares Middle Irish áin (“bulrush”). Alternatively: * A European substrate word. This is evidenced by the Western European distribution (disregarding the doubtful Hittite) and odd phonetic details: while Latin iūniperus could be considered sporadic with regard to a PIE precursor, its resemblance to iuncus (“reed, rush”) and Middle Irish áin raises more questions. Compare also *īhwaz (“yew”). * A North Germanic term borrowed from the Latin, with subsequent rebracketing, from there borrowed into both High and Low German; see Old Norse einir for more. Etymology templates: {{unc|gem-pro|nocap=1}} uncertain, {{cog|la|iūniperus||juniper}} Latin iūniperus (“juniper”), {{cog|hit|𒂊𒅀𒀭|t=(a kind of) evergreen tree (yew?)|tr=e-i̯a-an|ts=ei̯an-}} Hittite 𒂊𒅀𒀭 (e-i̯a-an /⁠ei̯an-⁠/, “(a kind of) evergreen tree (yew?)”), {{inh|gem-pro|ine-pro|-}} Proto-Indo-European, {{cog|mga|áin||bulrush}} Middle Irish áin (“bulrush”), {{der|gem-pro|qfa-sub}} substrate, {{m+|hit|-}} Hittite, {{m+|la|iūniperus}} Latin iūniperus, {{m+|mga|áin}} Middle Irish áin, {{m+|non|einir}} Old Norse einir Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-noun}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], ainijaz [nominative, singular], ainijōz [nominative, plural], ainijōs [nominative, plural], ainī [singular, vocative], ainijōz [plural, vocative], ainijōs [plural, vocative], ainiją [accusative, singular], ainijanz [accusative, plural], ainijas [genitive, singular], ainīs [genitive, singular], ainijǫ̂ [genitive, plural], ainijai [dative, singular], ainijamaz [dative, plural], ainijō [instrumental, singular], ainijamiz [instrumental, plural]
  1. juniper Wikipedia link: Brill Publishers Tags: masculine, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-ainijaz-gem-pro-noun-F4QDI-pZ Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*ainī"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *ainī",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "?"
          },
          "expansion": "",
          "name": "sup"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "",
          "name": "?"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *ainī "
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*aini"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *aini",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *aini"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "*eyni",
            "3": "*eyn",
            "4": "*ene",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Middle Low German: *eyni, *eyn, *ene",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Alternatively, borrowed from North Germanic.",
            "group": "note",
            "name": "note"
          },
          "expansion": "",
          "name": "ref"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "*eyniken",
            "3": "*eneken",
            "der": "1",
            "nolb": "1",
            "pos2": "diminutive"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ *eyniken, *eneken (diminutive)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "*eyniberen",
            "3": "eynberen",
            "4": "einbeeren",
            "alt1": "*eyni-beren",
            "alt2": "eyn-beren",
            "alt3": "ein-beeren",
            "der": "1",
            "nolb": "1",
            "t3": "juniper-berry"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ *eyni-beren, eyn-beren, ein-beeren (“juniper-berry”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Middle Low German: *eyni, *eyn, *ene; ⇒ *eyniken, *eneken (diminutive); ⇒ *eyni-beren, eyn-beren, ein-beeren (“juniper-berry”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "ēneke",
            "3": "ēnke"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: ēneke, ēnke",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: ēneke, ēnke"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "Eenberen"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: Eenberen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: Eenberen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "enekenbehren",
            "alt1": "eneken-behren",
            "der": "1",
            "nolb": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒? eneken-behren",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒? eneken-behren"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "eynholz",
            "3": "eynholcz",
            "4": "eynberen holt",
            "alt1": "eyn-holz",
            "alt2": "eyn-holcz",
            "der": "1",
            "nolb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ eyn-holz, eyn-holcz, eynberen holt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ eyn-holz, eyn-holcz, eynberen holt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "eynberenboem",
            "alt1": "eynberen-boem",
            "der": "1",
            "nolb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ eynberen-boem",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ eynberen-boem"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "eynikenstrucke",
            "3": "einbeeren struke",
            "alt1": "eyniken-strucke",
            "der": "1",
            "nolb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ eyniken-strucke, einbeeren struke",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ eyniken-strucke, einbeeren struke"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "Eenkenstruk",
            "3": "Ehmkenstruk",
            "4": "Enbernstruk",
            "alt3": "Ênbêrnstrûk"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: Eenkenstruk, Ehmkenstruk, Ênbêrnstrûk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: Eenkenstruk, Ehmkenstruk, Ênbêrnstrûk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "*aini",
            "3": "*eini"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: *aini, *eini",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: *aini, *eini"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "*eine",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Middle High German: *eine",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "group": "note",
            "name": "note"
          },
          "expansion": "",
          "name": "ref"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Middle High German: *eine"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "*Einbeere",
            "alt": "*Ein-beere",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ German: *Ein-beere",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ German: *Ein-beere"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Einbeerbaum",
            "alt": "Einbeer-baum",
            "der": "1",
            "nolb": "1",
            "t": "juniper-berry"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Einbeer-baum (“juniper-berry”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Einbeer-baum (“juniper-berry”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "einir"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: einir\nIcelandic: einir\nFaroese: eini\nNorwegian Nynorsk: eine, einer\nNorwegian Bokmål: einer\nElfdalian: ien, iene\nOld Swedish: ēn, ēne\nSwedish: en, ene\nDanish: ene, ener\nNorwegian Bokmål: ener\n→⇒? Middle Low German: eynholz, eynholcz, eynberen holt, eynberenboem, einbeeren struke, enekenbehren, eynikenstrucke\nGerman Low German: Ênbêrnstrûk, Eenberen, Ehmkenstruk, Eenkenstruk, Euwerbush (Mecklenburg, Pommern, Rügen as of late 19th c.)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: einir\nIcelandic: einir\nFaroese: eini\nNorwegian Nynorsk: eine, einer\nNorwegian Bokmål: einer\nElfdalian: ien, iene\nOld Swedish: ēn, ēne\nSwedish: en, ene\nDanish: ene, ener\nNorwegian Bokmål: ener\n→⇒? Middle Low German: eynholz, eynholcz, eynberen holt, eynberenboem, einbeeren struke, enekenbehren, eynikenstrucke\nGerman Low German: Ênbêrnstrûk, Eenberen, Ehmkenstruk, Eenkenstruk, Euwerbush (Mecklenburg, Pommern, Rügen as of late 19th c.)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "iūniperus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "juniper"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin iūniperus (“juniper”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "2": "𒂊𒅀𒀭",
        "t": "(a kind of) evergreen tree (yew?)",
        "tr": "e-i̯a-an",
        "ts": "ei̯an-"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite 𒂊𒅀𒀭 (e-i̯a-an /⁠ei̯an-⁠/, “(a kind of) evergreen tree (yew?)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mga",
        "2": "áin",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bulrush"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Irish áin (“bulrush”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "qfa-sub"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "iūniperus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin iūniperus",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mga",
        "2": "áin"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Irish áin",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "einir"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse einir",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The details of the derivation and those of the supposed cognates are uncertain, but seemingly related to the beginning element of Latin iūniperus (“juniper”), as well as perhaps to Hittite 𒂊𒅀𒀭 (e-i̯a-an /⁠ei̯an-⁠/, “(a kind of) evergreen tree (yew?)”), in which case they may be from a Proto-Indo-European acrostatic n-stem noun *h₁óy-n- ~ *h₁éy-n-s. The Germanic form points to *h₁oy-n-yo-, which may have been a collective formation along with the Latin. Orel also compares Middle Irish áin (“bulrush”).\nAlternatively:\n* A European substrate word. This is evidenced by the Western European distribution (disregarding the doubtful Hittite) and odd phonetic details: while Latin iūniperus could be considered sporadic with regard to a PIE precursor, its resemblance to iuncus (“reed, rush”) and Middle Irish áin raises more questions. Compare also *īhwaz (“yew”).\n* A North Germanic term borrowed from the Latin, with subsequent rebracketing, from there borrowed into both High and Low German; see Old Norse einir for more.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainiją",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainīs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijamiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ainijaz",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "juniper"
      ],
      "id": "en-ainijaz-gem-pro-noun-F4QDI-pZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "juniper",
          "juniper"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ainijaz"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*ainī"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *ainī",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "?"
          },
          "expansion": "",
          "name": "sup"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "",
          "name": "?"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *ainī "
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*aini"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *aini",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *aini"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "*eyni",
            "3": "*eyn",
            "4": "*ene",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Middle Low German: *eyni, *eyn, *ene",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Alternatively, borrowed from North Germanic.",
            "group": "note",
            "name": "note"
          },
          "expansion": "",
          "name": "ref"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "*eyniken",
            "3": "*eneken",
            "der": "1",
            "nolb": "1",
            "pos2": "diminutive"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ *eyniken, *eneken (diminutive)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "*eyniberen",
            "3": "eynberen",
            "4": "einbeeren",
            "alt1": "*eyni-beren",
            "alt2": "eyn-beren",
            "alt3": "ein-beeren",
            "der": "1",
            "nolb": "1",
            "t3": "juniper-berry"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ *eyni-beren, eyn-beren, ein-beeren (“juniper-berry”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Middle Low German: *eyni, *eyn, *ene; ⇒ *eyniken, *eneken (diminutive); ⇒ *eyni-beren, eyn-beren, ein-beeren (“juniper-berry”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "ēneke",
            "3": "ēnke"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: ēneke, ēnke",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: ēneke, ēnke"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "Eenberen"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: Eenberen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: Eenberen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "enekenbehren",
            "alt1": "eneken-behren",
            "der": "1",
            "nolb": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒? eneken-behren",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒? eneken-behren"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "eynholz",
            "3": "eynholcz",
            "4": "eynberen holt",
            "alt1": "eyn-holz",
            "alt2": "eyn-holcz",
            "der": "1",
            "nolb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ eyn-holz, eyn-holcz, eynberen holt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ eyn-holz, eyn-holcz, eynberen holt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "eynberenboem",
            "alt1": "eynberen-boem",
            "der": "1",
            "nolb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ eynberen-boem",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ eynberen-boem"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "eynikenstrucke",
            "3": "einbeeren struke",
            "alt1": "eyniken-strucke",
            "der": "1",
            "nolb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ eyniken-strucke, einbeeren struke",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ eyniken-strucke, einbeeren struke"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "Eenkenstruk",
            "3": "Ehmkenstruk",
            "4": "Enbernstruk",
            "alt3": "Ênbêrnstrûk"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: Eenkenstruk, Ehmkenstruk, Ênbêrnstrûk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: Eenkenstruk, Ehmkenstruk, Ênbêrnstrûk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "*aini",
            "3": "*eini"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: *aini, *eini",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: *aini, *eini"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "*eine",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Middle High German: *eine",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "group": "note",
            "name": "note"
          },
          "expansion": "",
          "name": "ref"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Middle High German: *eine"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "*Einbeere",
            "alt": "*Ein-beere",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ German: *Ein-beere",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ German: *Ein-beere"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Einbeerbaum",
            "alt": "Einbeer-baum",
            "der": "1",
            "nolb": "1",
            "t": "juniper-berry"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Einbeer-baum (“juniper-berry”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Einbeer-baum (“juniper-berry”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "einir"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: einir\nIcelandic: einir\nFaroese: eini\nNorwegian Nynorsk: eine, einer\nNorwegian Bokmål: einer\nElfdalian: ien, iene\nOld Swedish: ēn, ēne\nSwedish: en, ene\nDanish: ene, ener\nNorwegian Bokmål: ener\n→⇒? Middle Low German: eynholz, eynholcz, eynberen holt, eynberenboem, einbeeren struke, enekenbehren, eynikenstrucke\nGerman Low German: Ênbêrnstrûk, Eenberen, Ehmkenstruk, Eenkenstruk, Euwerbush (Mecklenburg, Pommern, Rügen as of late 19th c.)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: einir\nIcelandic: einir\nFaroese: eini\nNorwegian Nynorsk: eine, einer\nNorwegian Bokmål: einer\nElfdalian: ien, iene\nOld Swedish: ēn, ēne\nSwedish: en, ene\nDanish: ene, ener\nNorwegian Bokmål: ener\n→⇒? Middle Low German: eynholz, eynholcz, eynberen holt, eynberenboem, einbeeren struke, enekenbehren, eynikenstrucke\nGerman Low German: Ênbêrnstrûk, Eenberen, Ehmkenstruk, Eenkenstruk, Euwerbush (Mecklenburg, Pommern, Rügen as of late 19th c.)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "iūniperus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "juniper"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin iūniperus (“juniper”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "2": "𒂊𒅀𒀭",
        "t": "(a kind of) evergreen tree (yew?)",
        "tr": "e-i̯a-an",
        "ts": "ei̯an-"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite 𒂊𒅀𒀭 (e-i̯a-an /⁠ei̯an-⁠/, “(a kind of) evergreen tree (yew?)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mga",
        "2": "áin",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bulrush"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Irish áin (“bulrush”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "qfa-sub"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "iūniperus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin iūniperus",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mga",
        "2": "áin"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Irish áin",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "einir"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse einir",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The details of the derivation and those of the supposed cognates are uncertain, but seemingly related to the beginning element of Latin iūniperus (“juniper”), as well as perhaps to Hittite 𒂊𒅀𒀭 (e-i̯a-an /⁠ei̯an-⁠/, “(a kind of) evergreen tree (yew?)”), in which case they may be from a Proto-Indo-European acrostatic n-stem noun *h₁óy-n- ~ *h₁éy-n-s. The Germanic form points to *h₁oy-n-yo-, which may have been a collective formation along with the Latin. Orel also compares Middle Irish áin (“bulrush”).\nAlternatively:\n* A European substrate word. This is evidenced by the Western European distribution (disregarding the doubtful Hittite) and odd phonetic details: while Latin iūniperus could be considered sporadic with regard to a PIE precursor, its resemblance to iuncus (“reed, rush”) and Middle Irish áin raises more questions. Compare also *īhwaz (“yew”).\n* A North Germanic term borrowed from the Latin, with subsequent rebracketing, from there borrowed into both High and Low German; see Old Norse einir for more.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainiją",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainīs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ainijamiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ainijaz",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic ja-stem nouns",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
        "Proto-Germanic nouns",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
        "gem-pro:Conifers"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "juniper"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "juniper",
          "juniper"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ainijaz"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ainijaz meaning in All languages combined (9.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (b81b832 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.