See Varangian on Wiktionary
{
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{
"args": {
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"2": "gkm",
"3": "Βάραγγος"
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"name": "der"
},
{
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"3": "Varingus"
},
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{
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"3": "væringi"
},
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"2": "wǣr",
"t": "fidelity, loyalty"
},
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},
{
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"1": "ang",
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},
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],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Byzantine Greek Βάραγγος (Bárangos), from Medieval Latin Varingus, from Old Norse væringi, from várr (“pledge”) or værr (“pledge”), which is cognate with Old English wǣr (“fidelity, loyalty”), + Old Norse gangi (“companion”). Cognate with Old English wærgenga.",
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],
"hyphenation": [
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A member of the ethnically Scandinavian people around the borders of Constantinople in the ninth and tenth centuries."
],
"id": "en-Varangian-en-noun-jNn9LqT1",
"links": [
[
"Scandinavian",
"Scandinavian"
]
],
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"(historical) A member of the ethnically Scandinavian people around the borders of Constantinople in the ninth and tenth centuries."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "varyag",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "վարյագ"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "varáh",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вара́г"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "varjág",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "варя́г"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Wǎliánggé rén",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "瓦良格人"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Wǎlǐyǎjī rén",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "瓦里亞基人"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "væring"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "Varjaag"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "væringi"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "varjagi"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "varanki"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Varègue"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Waräger"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Várangos",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Βάραγγος"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "Varyāgu",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "ヴァリャーグ"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "vharĕñjiyan",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "व्हरँजियन"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "væring"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "Варѧгъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "orv",
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "варѧгъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "varangiano"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "varjág",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "варя́г"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "Variagovia"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "varego"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "varjag"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "väring"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "rus"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "varjáh",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "варя́г"
}
]
},
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{
"ref": "2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 506:",
"text": "The Byzantines continued to recruit elite warriors from the north, not merely from Rus’ but directly from far-off Scandinavia; from the end of the tenth century, they referred to them as ‘Varangians’.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955."
],
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],
[
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"Constantinople"
]
],
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"(historical) A member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955."
],
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],
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{
"_dis1": "11 89",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "varyag",
"sense": "member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955",
"word": "վարյագ"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 89",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "væring"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 89",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "væringi"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 89",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955",
"word": "varjagikaarti"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 89",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Varángeioi",
"sense": "member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "Βαράγγειοι"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 89",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "vharĕñjiyan",
"sense": "member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955",
"word": "व्हरँजियन"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 89",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "varangiano"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 89",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "varego"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 89",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "väring"
}
]
}
],
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"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Varyag"
}
],
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"_dis1": "89 9 2",
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"word": "վարյագական"
},
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"_dis1": "89 9 2",
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"word": "व्हरँजियन"
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{
"_dis1": "89 9 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "varjážskij",
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"word": "варя́жский"
}
]
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],
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},
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],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to a period of intense glaciation during the late Proterozoic eon."
],
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[
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],
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],
"tags": [
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],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
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"word": "Varangian"
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Varangian (plural Varangians)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Va‧ran‧gi‧an"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A member of the ethnically Scandinavian people around the borders of Constantinople in the ninth and tenth centuries."
],
"links": [
[
"Scandinavian",
"Scandinavian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A member of the ethnically Scandinavian people around the borders of Constantinople in the ninth and tenth centuries."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 506:",
"text": "The Byzantines continued to recruit elite warriors from the north, not merely from Rus’ but directly from far-off Scandinavia; from the end of the tenth century, they referred to them as ‘Varangians’.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955."
],
"links": [
[
"imperial",
"imperial"
],
[
"Constantinople",
"Constantinople"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vəˈɹæn.d͡ʒi.ən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Varangian.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Varangian.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Varangian.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Varangian.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Varangian.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Varyag"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "varyag",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "վարյագ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "varáh",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вара́г"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "varjág",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "варя́г"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Wǎliánggé rén",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "瓦良格人"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Wǎlǐyǎjī rén",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "瓦里亞基人"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "væring"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "Varjaag"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "væringi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "varjagi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "varanki"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Varègue"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Waräger"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Várangos",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Βάραγγος"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "Varyāgu",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "ヴァリャーグ"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "vharĕñjiyan",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "व्हरँजियन"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "væring"
},
{
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "Варѧгъ"
},
{
"code": "orv",
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "варѧгъ"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "varangiano"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "varjág",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "варя́г"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "Variagovia"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "varego"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "varjag"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "väring"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"word": "rus"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "varjáh",
"sense": "member of a Scandinavian tribe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "варя́г"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "varyag",
"sense": "member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955",
"word": "վարյագ"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "væring"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "væringi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955",
"word": "varjagikaarti"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Varángeioi",
"sense": "member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "Βαράγγειοι"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "vharĕñjiyan",
"sense": "member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955",
"word": "व्हरँजियन"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "varangiano"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "varego"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "member of the imperial body guard at Constantinople from 955",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "väring"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Varangians"
],
"word": "Varangian"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Byzantine Greek",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations",
"Terms with Old East Slavic translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"en:Tribes"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gkm",
"3": "Βάραγγος"
},
"expansion": "Byzantine Greek Βάραγγος (Bárangos)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "Varingus"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin Varingus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "væringi"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse væringi",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wǣr",
"t": "fidelity, loyalty"
},
"expansion": "Old English wǣr (“fidelity, loyalty”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gangi",
"t": "companion"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse gangi (“companion”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wærgenga"
},
"expansion": "Old English wærgenga",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Byzantine Greek Βάραγγος (Bárangos), from Medieval Latin Varingus, from Old Norse væringi, from várr (“pledge”) or værr (“pledge”), which is cognate with Old English wǣr (“fidelity, loyalty”), + Old Norse gangi (“companion”). Cognate with Old English wærgenga.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "Varangian (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Va‧ran‧gi‧an"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to the Varangians."
],
"links": [
[
"Varangian",
"#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to the Varanger Peninsula in Norway."
],
"links": [
[
"Norway",
"Norway"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Geology"
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to a period of intense glaciation during the late Proterozoic eon."
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"glaciation",
"glaciation"
],
[
"Proterozoic",
"Proterozoic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) Pertaining to a period of intense glaciation during the late Proterozoic eon."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vəˈɹæn.d͡ʒi.ən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Varangian.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Varangian.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Varangian.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Varangian.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Varangian.wav.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "varyagakan",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the Varangians",
"word": "վարյագական"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "vharĕñjiyan",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the Varangians",
"word": "व्हरँजियन"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "varjážskij",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the Varangians",
"word": "варя́жский"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Varangians"
],
"word": "Varangian"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Varangian meaning in All languages combined (12.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.