See Rust on Wiktionary
{ "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gsw", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "Alemannic German", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "de", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "German", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gml", "3": "ruste" }, "expansion": "Middle Low German ruste", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "osx", "3": "rasta" }, "expansion": "Old Saxon rasta", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*rastu" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rastu", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*rastō", "t": "rest, pause" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rastō (“rest, pause”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "sco", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "Scots", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "rust", "t": "red, ruddy" }, "expansion": "Old English rust (“red, ruddy”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*rustaz" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rustaz", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "* As an Alemannic German surname, from Rust\n* As a German surname, from Middle Low German ruste, from Old Saxon rasta, from Proto-West Germanic *rastu, from Proto-Germanic *rastō (“rest, pause”).\n* As an English and Scots surname, from Old English rust (“red, ruddy”), from Proto-Germanic *rustaz.", "forms": [ { "form": "Rusts", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "Rusts" }, "expansion": "Rust (plural Rusts)", "name": "en-proper noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "name", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "English surnames", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "derived": [ { "word": "Rustburg" } ], "glosses": [ "A surname." ], "id": "en-Rust-en-name-EMUC1F3L", "links": [ [ "surname", "surname" ] ] } ], "word": "Rust" } { "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "Rust (programming language)" }, "expansion": "", "name": "wp" } ], "etymology_text": "Graydon Hoare, who initiated the language, has stated that it was possibly named after rust fungi and may be related to robust.", "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "Rust", "name": "en-proper noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "name", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Computer languages", "orig": "en:Computer languages", "parents": [ "Programming", "Computing", "Software engineering", "Technology", "Computer science", "Engineering", "Software", "All topics", "Sciences", "Applied sciences", "Media", "Fundamental", "Communication" ], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "21 79", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "27 49 13 5 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "28 52 11 4 4", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "derived": [ { "word": "Rustacean" } ], "examples": [ { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 3, 7 ] ], "ref": "2019, Steve Klabnik, Carol Nichols, The Rust Programming Language, No Starch Press, →ISBN, page xxvi:", "text": "In Rust, the compiler plays a gatekeeper role by refusing to compile code with these elusive bugs, including concurrency bugs.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A multiparadigm programming language focused on safety, especially safe concurrency." ], "id": "en-Rust-en-name-en:language", "links": [ [ "computer language", "computer language" ], [ "multiparadigm", "multiparadigm" ], [ "programming language", "programming language" ], [ "safety", "safety" ], [ "concurrency", "concurrency" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(computer languages) A multiparadigm programming language focused on safety, especially safe concurrency." ], "senseid": [ "en:language" ], "topics": [ "computer-languages", "computing", "engineering", "mathematics", "natural-sciences", "physical-sciences", "sciences" ] } ], "word": "Rust" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "gmh", "3": "rust" }, "expansion": "Middle High German rust", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "goh", "3": "ruost", "t": "elm tree" }, "expansion": "Old High German ruost (“elm tree”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*elmaz" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *elmaz", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "gml", "3": "ruste" }, "expansion": "Middle Low German ruste", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "osx", "3": "rasta" }, "expansion": "Old Saxon rasta", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*rastu" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rastu", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "* As a Swiss German surname, from Middle High German rust, from Old High German ruost (“elm tree”), from earlier *rus-tro, perhaps corrupted from Proto-Germanic *elmaz.\n* As a north German surname, from Middle Low German ruste, from Old Saxon rasta, from Proto-West Germanic *rastu, related to the English etymology above.", "forms": [ { "form": "Rusts", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "Rust", "raw_tags": [ "with an article" ], "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "Rust", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "Rusts", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "surname" }, "expansion": "Rust m or f (proper noun, surname, masculine genitive Rusts or (with an article) Rust, feminine genitive Rust, plural Rusts)", "name": "de-proper noun" } ], "lang": "German", "lang_code": "de", "pos": "name", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "German surnames", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "85 3 12", "kind": "other", "name": "German entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "a surname" ], "id": "en-Rust-de-name-v2O7m9sM", "links": [ [ "surname", "surname" ] ], "tags": [ "feminine", "masculine", "proper-noun", "surname" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "audio": "De-Rust.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/De-Rust.ogg/De-Rust.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/De-Rust.ogg" } ], "word": "Rust" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "gmh", "3": "rust" }, "expansion": "Middle High German rust", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "goh", "3": "ruost", "t": "elm tree" }, "expansion": "Old High German ruost (“elm tree”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*elmaz" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *elmaz", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "gml", "3": "ruste" }, "expansion": "Middle Low German ruste", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "osx", "3": "rasta" }, "expansion": "Old Saxon rasta", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*rastu" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rastu", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "* As a Swiss German surname, from Middle High German rust, from Old High German ruost (“elm tree”), from earlier *rus-tro, perhaps corrupted from Proto-Germanic *elmaz.\n* As a north German surname, from Middle Low German ruste, from Old Saxon rasta, from Proto-West Germanic *rastu, related to the English etymology above.", "forms": [ { "form": "Rusts", "tags": [ "genitive" ] }, { "form": "Rust", "tags": [ "genitive", "with-article" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "toponym" }, "expansion": "Rust n (proper noun, genitive Rusts or (optionally with an article) Rust)", "name": "de-proper noun" } ], "lang": "German", "lang_code": "de", "pos": "name", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "place", "langcode": "de", "name": "Municipalities of Burgenland, Austria", "orig": "de:Municipalities of Burgenland, Austria", "parents": [ "Municipalities", "Places", "Political divisions", "Names", "Polities", "All topics", "Proper nouns", "Terms by semantic function", "Fundamental", "Nouns", "Lemmas" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "place", "langcode": "de", "name": "Places in Austria", "orig": "de:Places in Austria", "parents": [ "Places", "Names", "All topics", "Proper nouns", "Terms by semantic function", "Fundamental", "Nouns", "Lemmas" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "place", "langcode": "de", "name": "Places in Burgenland, Austria", "orig": "de:Places in Burgenland, Austria", "parents": [ "Places", "Names", "All topics", "Proper nouns", "Terms by semantic function", "Fundamental", "Nouns", "Lemmas" ], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "A municipality of Burgenland, Austria" ], "id": "en-Rust-de-name-lHIIVV5b", "links": [ [ "municipality", "municipality" ], [ "Burgenland", "Burgenland#English" ], [ "Austria", "Austria#English" ] ], "tags": [ "neuter", "proper-noun" ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "place", "langcode": "de", "name": "Municipalities of Germany", "orig": "de:Municipalities of Germany", "parents": [ "Municipalities", "Places", "Political divisions", "Names", "Polities", "All topics", "Proper nouns", "Terms by semantic function", "Fundamental", "Nouns", "Lemmas" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "place", "langcode": "de", "name": "Places in Baden-Württemberg, Germany", "orig": "de:Places in Baden-Württemberg, Germany", "parents": [ "Places", "Names", "All topics", "Proper nouns", "Terms by semantic function", "Fundamental", "Nouns", "Lemmas" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "place", "langcode": "de", "name": "Places in Germany", "orig": "de:Places in Germany", "parents": [ "Places", "Names", "All topics", "Proper nouns", "Terms by semantic function", "Fundamental", "Nouns", "Lemmas" ], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "A municipality of Baden-Württemberg, Germany" ], "id": "en-Rust-de-name-qD85PU~p", "links": [ [ "municipality", "municipality" ], [ "Baden-Württemberg", "Baden-Württemberg#English" ], [ "Germany", "Germany#English" ] ], "tags": [ "neuter", "proper-noun" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "audio": "De-Rust.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/De-Rust.ogg/De-Rust.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/De-Rust.ogg" } ], "word": "Rust" }
{ "categories": [ "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English proper nouns", "English uncountable nouns", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "derived": [ { "word": "Rustburg" } ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gsw", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "Alemannic German", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "de", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "German", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gml", "3": "ruste" }, "expansion": "Middle Low German ruste", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "osx", "3": "rasta" }, "expansion": "Old Saxon rasta", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*rastu" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rastu", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*rastō", "t": "rest, pause" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rastō (“rest, pause”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "sco", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "Scots", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "rust", "t": "red, ruddy" }, "expansion": "Old English rust (“red, ruddy”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*rustaz" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rustaz", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "* As an Alemannic German surname, from Rust\n* As a German surname, from Middle Low German ruste, from Old Saxon rasta, from Proto-West Germanic *rastu, from Proto-Germanic *rastō (“rest, pause”).\n* As an English and Scots surname, from Old English rust (“red, ruddy”), from Proto-Germanic *rustaz.", "forms": [ { "form": "Rusts", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "Rusts" }, "expansion": "Rust (plural Rusts)", "name": "en-proper noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "name", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English surnames" ], "glosses": [ "A surname." ], "links": [ [ "surname", "surname" ] ] } ], "word": "Rust" } { "categories": [ "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English proper nouns", "English uncountable nouns", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "derived": [ { "word": "Rustacean" } ], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "Rust (programming language)" }, "expansion": "", "name": "wp" } ], "etymology_text": "Graydon Hoare, who initiated the language, has stated that it was possibly named after rust fungi and may be related to robust.", "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "Rust", "name": "en-proper noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "name", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "en:Computer languages" ], "examples": [ { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 3, 7 ] ], "ref": "2019, Steve Klabnik, Carol Nichols, The Rust Programming Language, No Starch Press, →ISBN, page xxvi:", "text": "In Rust, the compiler plays a gatekeeper role by refusing to compile code with these elusive bugs, including concurrency bugs.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A multiparadigm programming language focused on safety, especially safe concurrency." ], "links": [ [ "computer language", "computer language" ], [ "multiparadigm", "multiparadigm" ], [ "programming language", "programming language" ], [ "safety", "safety" ], [ "concurrency", "concurrency" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(computer languages) A multiparadigm programming language focused on safety, especially safe concurrency." ], "senseid": [ "en:language" ], "topics": [ "computer-languages", "computing", "engineering", "mathematics", "natural-sciences", "physical-sciences", "sciences" ] } ], "word": "Rust" } { "categories": [ "German entries with incorrect language header", "German feminine nouns", "German lemmas", "German masculine nouns", "German neuter nouns", "German nouns with multiple genders", "German proper nouns", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "gmh", "3": "rust" }, "expansion": "Middle High German rust", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "goh", "3": "ruost", "t": "elm tree" }, "expansion": "Old High German ruost (“elm tree”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*elmaz" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *elmaz", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "gml", "3": "ruste" }, "expansion": "Middle Low German ruste", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "osx", "3": "rasta" }, "expansion": "Old Saxon rasta", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*rastu" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rastu", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "* As a Swiss German surname, from Middle High German rust, from Old High German ruost (“elm tree”), from earlier *rus-tro, perhaps corrupted from Proto-Germanic *elmaz.\n* As a north German surname, from Middle Low German ruste, from Old Saxon rasta, from Proto-West Germanic *rastu, related to the English etymology above.", "forms": [ { "form": "Rusts", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "Rust", "raw_tags": [ "with an article" ], "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "Rust", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "Rusts", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "surname" }, "expansion": "Rust m or f (proper noun, surname, masculine genitive Rusts or (with an article) Rust, feminine genitive Rust, plural Rusts)", "name": "de-proper noun" } ], "lang": "German", "lang_code": "de", "pos": "name", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "German surnames" ], "glosses": [ "a surname" ], "links": [ [ "surname", "surname" ] ], "tags": [ "feminine", "masculine", "proper-noun", "surname" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "audio": "De-Rust.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/De-Rust.ogg/De-Rust.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/De-Rust.ogg" } ], "word": "Rust" } { "categories": [ "German entries with incorrect language header", "German feminine nouns", "German lemmas", "German masculine nouns", "German neuter nouns", "German nouns with multiple genders", "German proper nouns", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "gmh", "3": "rust" }, "expansion": "Middle High German rust", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "goh", "3": "ruost", "t": "elm tree" }, "expansion": "Old High German ruost (“elm tree”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*elmaz" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *elmaz", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "gml", "3": "ruste" }, "expansion": "Middle Low German ruste", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "osx", "3": "rasta" }, "expansion": "Old Saxon rasta", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*rastu" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rastu", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "* As a Swiss German surname, from Middle High German rust, from Old High German ruost (“elm tree”), from earlier *rus-tro, perhaps corrupted from Proto-Germanic *elmaz.\n* As a north German surname, from Middle Low German ruste, from Old Saxon rasta, from Proto-West Germanic *rastu, related to the English etymology above.", "forms": [ { "form": "Rusts", "tags": [ "genitive" ] }, { "form": "Rust", "tags": [ "genitive", "with-article" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "toponym" }, "expansion": "Rust n (proper noun, genitive Rusts or (optionally with an article) Rust)", "name": "de-proper noun" } ], "lang": "German", "lang_code": "de", "pos": "name", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "de:Municipalities of Burgenland, Austria", "de:Places in Austria", "de:Places in Burgenland, Austria" ], "glosses": [ "A municipality of Burgenland, Austria" ], "links": [ [ "municipality", "municipality" ], [ "Burgenland", "Burgenland#English" ], [ "Austria", "Austria#English" ] ], "tags": [ "neuter", "proper-noun" ] }, { "categories": [ "de:Municipalities of Germany", "de:Places in Baden-Württemberg, Germany", "de:Places in Germany" ], "glosses": [ "A municipality of Baden-Württemberg, Germany" ], "links": [ [ "municipality", "municipality" ], [ "Baden-Württemberg", "Baden-Württemberg#English" ], [ "Germany", "Germany#English" ] ], "tags": [ "neuter", "proper-noun" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "audio": "De-Rust.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/De-Rust.ogg/De-Rust.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/De-Rust.ogg" } ], "word": "Rust" }
Download raw JSONL data for Rust meaning in All languages combined (8.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (74c5344 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.