See Russification on Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "derussification"
},
{
"word": "derussianization"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Russify",
"3": "-ification"
},
"expansion": "Russify + -ification",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Russify + -ification, from Russian.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "Russification (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 42 44 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The process of making anything Russian.",
"A policy that enforces traditional Russian values either domestically or internationally."
],
"id": "en-Russification-en-noun-9d9ZG8wL",
"links": [
[
"Russian",
"Russian"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 48 30 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 49 21 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ification",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 50 23 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 42 28 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 55 20 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 51 32 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 51 30 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 52 24 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 57 21 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 53 23 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 53 25 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 57 18 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 57 22 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 52 22 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 55 23 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 58 18 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 51 28 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 59 17 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 42 44 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 55 28 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 61 16 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 61 16 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 52 24 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 54 25 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 54 25 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 52 22 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 52 22 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 53 22 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 53 27 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 56 22 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mongolian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 54 25 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ossetian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 52 22 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 53 24 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 52 24 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 55 23 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 32 24 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 52 24 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 52 22 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 52 24 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 65 15 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 55 25 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 52 24 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tajik translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 55 25 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 52 22 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkmen translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 54 25 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 54 25 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uyghur translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 52 24 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uzbek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 52 24 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 48 52 0",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Russia",
"orig": "en:Russia",
"parents": [
"Asia",
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The process of making anything Russian.",
"Localization of a software or hardware interface (e.g. text on buttons of a washing machine) into the Russian language, whether using Cyrillic or transliteration. See Computer Russification."
],
"id": "en-Russification-en-noun-HvJQROkr",
"links": [
[
"software",
"software"
],
[
"hardware",
"hardware"
],
[
"interface",
"interface"
],
[
"Cyrillic",
"Cyrillic"
],
[
"transliteration",
"transliteration"
]
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "15 73 12 0",
"word": "Russificator"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 73 12 0",
"word": "russificatory"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Computing",
"orig": "en:Computing",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "12 42 44 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 48 52 0",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Russia",
"orig": "en:Russia",
"parents": [
"Asia",
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The process of making anything Russian.",
"Enabling a computer system to work with the Russian Cyrillic alphabet."
],
"id": "en-Russification-en-noun-8HQQFaUg",
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"Cyrillic",
"Cyrillic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"The process of making anything Russian.",
"(computing, rare) Enabling a computer system to work with the Russian Cyrillic alphabet."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the Russification of Western rock music",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2024 September 4, Vitali Vitaliev, “A salute to Ukraine's 'Second Army'”, in RAIL, number 1017, page 46:",
"text": "As a schoolboy in the Soviet Ukraine's second largest city of Kharkiv, (it was then spelled Kharkov in line with the all-permeating 'Russification'), I was a railway buff.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The process of making anything Russian."
],
"id": "en-Russification-en-noun-SKFI4nPf",
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "tarwīs",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَرْوِيس"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ṙusakanacʻum",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "ռուսականացում"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "ruslaşdırma"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "rusifikácyja",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "русіфіка́цыя"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rusifikácija",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "русифика́ция"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "俄羅斯化"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "éluósīhuà",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "俄罗斯化"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "俄國化"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "éguóhuà",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "俄国化"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "éhuà",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "俄化"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusifikace"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "russificatie"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "rusigo"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "venestamine"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "fi",
"english": "making",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "venäläistäminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "fi",
"english": "becoming",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "venäläistyminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "russification"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "rusipiḳacia",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "რუსიფიკაცია"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Russifizierung"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ekrosismós",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "εκρωσισμός"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "רוּסִיפִיקַצְיָה"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "russificazione"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"alt": "ロシアか",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "roshiaka",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "ロシア化"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "orystandyru",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "орыстандыру"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "reosiahwa",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "러시아화"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "orustaştırma",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "орусташтырма"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "oruscalaştırma",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "орусчалаштырма"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "rusifikatsiya",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "русификация"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pārkrievošana"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusifikācija"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "krieviskošana"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "krievināšana"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "rusifikacija"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rusinimas"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rusifikacija",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "русификација"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "orosžuulax",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "оросжуулах"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "os",
"lang": "Ossetian",
"roman": "wyrysyfikaci",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "уырысыфикаци"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "rusi-sâzi",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "روسیسازی"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusyfikacja"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "russificação"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusificare"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rusifikácija",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "русифика́ция"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "ru",
"english": "cultural assimilation",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obrusénije",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "обрусе́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "русифика́ција"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusifikácija"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusifikácia"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusifikacija"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusificación"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "russifiering"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "rusifikatsiya",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "русификатсия"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "Ruslaştırma"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "ruslaşdyrma"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rusyfikácija",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "русифіка́ція"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rusyfikuvánnja",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "русифікува́ння"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zrosíjščennja",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "зросі́йщення"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "ruslishish",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "رۇسلىشىش"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "ruslashturush",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "رۇسلاشتۇرۇش"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "ruslashtirish"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "rusifikatsiya"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"alt": "俄化",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "Nga hoá"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:Russification"
],
"word": "Russification"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "derussification"
},
{
"word": "derussianization"
}
],
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms suffixed with -ification",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Ossetian translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Turkmen translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Russia"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Russify",
"3": "-ification"
},
"expansion": "Russify + -ification",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Russify + -ification, from Russian.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "Russification (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "Russificator"
},
{
"word": "russificatory"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"The process of making anything Russian.",
"A policy that enforces traditional Russian values either domestically or internationally."
],
"links": [
[
"Russian",
"Russian"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"The process of making anything Russian.",
"Localization of a software or hardware interface (e.g. text on buttons of a washing machine) into the Russian language, whether using Cyrillic or transliteration. See Computer Russification."
],
"links": [
[
"software",
"software"
],
[
"hardware",
"hardware"
],
[
"interface",
"interface"
],
[
"Cyrillic",
"Cyrillic"
],
[
"transliteration",
"transliteration"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"en:Computing"
],
"glosses": [
"The process of making anything Russian.",
"Enabling a computer system to work with the Russian Cyrillic alphabet."
],
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"Cyrillic",
"Cyrillic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"The process of making anything Russian.",
"(computing, rare) Enabling a computer system to work with the Russian Cyrillic alphabet."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the Russification of Western rock music",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2024 September 4, Vitali Vitaliev, “A salute to Ukraine's 'Second Army'”, in RAIL, number 1017, page 46:",
"text": "As a schoolboy in the Soviet Ukraine's second largest city of Kharkiv, (it was then spelled Kharkov in line with the all-permeating 'Russification'), I was a railway buff.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The process of making anything Russian."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "tarwīs",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَرْوِيس"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ṙusakanacʻum",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "ռուսականացում"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "ruslaşdırma"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "rusifikácyja",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "русіфіка́цыя"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rusifikácija",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "русифика́ция"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "俄羅斯化"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "éluósīhuà",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "俄罗斯化"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "俄國化"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "éguóhuà",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "俄国化"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "éhuà",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "俄化"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusifikace"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "russificatie"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "rusigo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "venestamine"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "making",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "venäläistäminen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "becoming",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "venäläistyminen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "russification"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "rusipiḳacia",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "რუსიფიკაცია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Russifizierung"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ekrosismós",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "εκρωσισμός"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "רוּסִיפִיקַצְיָה"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "russificazione"
},
{
"alt": "ロシアか",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "roshiaka",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "ロシア化"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "orystandyru",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "орыстандыру"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "reosiahwa",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "러시아화"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "orustaştırma",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "орусташтырма"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "oruscalaştırma",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "орусчалаштырма"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "rusifikatsiya",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "русификация"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pārkrievošana"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusifikācija"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "krieviskošana"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "krievināšana"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "rusifikacija"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rusinimas"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rusifikacija",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "русификација"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "orosžuulax",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "оросжуулах"
},
{
"code": "os",
"lang": "Ossetian",
"roman": "wyrysyfikaci",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "уырысыфикаци"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "rusi-sâzi",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "روسیسازی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusyfikacja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "russificação"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusificare"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rusifikácija",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "русифика́ция"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "cultural assimilation",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obrusénije",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "обрусе́ние"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "русифика́ција"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusifikácija"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusifikácia"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusifikacija"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rusificación"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "russifiering"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "rusifikatsiya",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "русификатсия"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "Ruslaştırma"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "ruslaşdyrma"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rusyfikácija",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "русифіка́ція"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rusyfikuvánnja",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "русифікува́ння"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zrosíjščennja",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "зросі́йщення"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "ruslishish",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "رۇسلىشىش"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "ruslashturush",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "رۇسلاشتۇرۇش"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "ruslashtirish"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "rusifikatsiya"
},
{
"alt": "俄化",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "process of making anything Russian",
"word": "Nga hoá"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:Russification"
],
"word": "Russification"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Russification meaning in All languages combined (12.2kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''The process of making anything'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"Russification"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "Russification",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.