See Rhufain on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Rhufeinaidd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Rhufeiniad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Rhufeinig"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Rhufeiniwr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Rhufeinol"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "Ruvein"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh Ruvein",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*rrʉβ̃ėn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *rrʉβ̃ėn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "Rōmănia"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin Rōmănia",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "la",
"3": "Rōmānia",
"t": "Roman Empire"
},
"expansion": "Latin Rōmānia (“Roman Empire”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "grc",
"3": "Ῥωμᾱνίᾱ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek Ῥωμᾱνίᾱ (Rhōmāníā)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh Ruvein, from Proto-Brythonic *rrʉβ̃ėn, from Vulgar Latin Rōmănia, from Latin Rōmānia (“Roman Empire”), from Ancient Greek Ῥωμᾱνίᾱ (Rhōmāníā).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Rhufain",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "Rufain",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "Rhufain f",
"name": "cy-proper noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Ancient settlements",
"orig": "cy:Ancient settlements",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Cities in Italy",
"orig": "cy:Cities in Italy",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Cities in Lazio, Italy",
"orig": "cy:Cities in Lazio, Italy",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Former capitals",
"orig": "cy:Former capitals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "National capitals",
"orig": "cy:National capitals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Places in Italy",
"orig": "cy:Places in Italy",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Places in Lazio, Italy",
"orig": "cy:Places in Lazio, Italy",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Places in the Roman Empire",
"orig": "cy:Places in the Roman Empire",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Regional capitals of Italy",
"orig": "cy:Regional capitals of Italy",
"parents": [
"Regional capitals",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Rome",
"orig": "cy:Rome",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (A major city, the capital of Italy and the Italian region of Lazio, located on the Tiber River; the ancient capital of the Roman Empire)"
],
"id": "en-Rhufain-cy-name-rxzBMVPf",
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English:_Q220"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
],
[
"Lazio",
"Lazio#English"
],
[
"Tiber",
"Tiber"
],
[
"Roman Empire",
"Roman Empire#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Metropolitan cities of Italy",
"orig": "cy:Metropolitan cities of Italy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Places in Italy",
"orig": "cy:Places in Italy",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Places in Lazio, Italy",
"orig": "cy:Places in Lazio, Italy",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (a metropolitan city of Lazio, Italy)"
],
"id": "en-Rhufain-cy-name-Y4IDP~Gd",
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English:_Q18288160"
],
[
"metropolitan city",
"metropolitan city"
],
[
"Lazio",
"Lazio#English"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Ancient Rome",
"orig": "cy:Ancient Rome",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Former polities",
"orig": "cy:Former polities",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 6 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 6 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 7 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 12 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh exonyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rome, Ancient Rome (an ancient empire based out of the city of Rome, covering vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa)"
],
"id": "en-Rhufain-cy-name-65k4gvT0",
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"Ancient Rome",
"Ancient Rome#English"
],
[
"empire",
"empire"
],
[
"Rome",
"Rome"
],
[
"Europe",
"Europe#English"
],
[
"Asia",
"Asia#English"
],
[
"Africa",
"Africa#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Rome, Ancient Rome (an ancient empire based out of the city of Rome, covering vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈr̥ɨ̞vai̯n/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈr̥ɨ̞vɛn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈr̥iːvai̯n/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈr̥ɪvai̯n/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈr̥iːvɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈr̥ɪvɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɨ̞vai̯n"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cy:Rhufain"
],
"word": "Rhufain"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Welsh/ɨ̞vai̯n",
"Rhymes:Welsh/ɨ̞vai̯n/2 syllables",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh exonyms",
"Welsh feminine nouns",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh proper nouns",
"Welsh terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Welsh terms derived from Latin",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Rhufeinaidd"
},
{
"word": "Rhufeiniad"
},
{
"word": "Rhufeinig"
},
{
"word": "Rhufeiniwr"
},
{
"word": "Rhufeinol"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "Ruvein"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh Ruvein",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*rrʉβ̃ėn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *rrʉβ̃ėn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "Rōmănia"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin Rōmănia",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "la",
"3": "Rōmānia",
"t": "Roman Empire"
},
"expansion": "Latin Rōmānia (“Roman Empire”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "grc",
"3": "Ῥωμᾱνίᾱ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek Ῥωμᾱνίᾱ (Rhōmāníā)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh Ruvein, from Proto-Brythonic *rrʉβ̃ėn, from Vulgar Latin Rōmănia, from Latin Rōmānia (“Roman Empire”), from Ancient Greek Ῥωμᾱνίᾱ (Rhōmāníā).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Rhufain",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "Rufain",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "Rhufain f",
"name": "cy-proper noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"cy:Ancient settlements",
"cy:Cities in Italy",
"cy:Cities in Lazio, Italy",
"cy:Former capitals",
"cy:National capitals",
"cy:Places in Italy",
"cy:Places in Lazio, Italy",
"cy:Places in the Roman Empire",
"cy:Regional capitals of Italy",
"cy:Rome"
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (A major city, the capital of Italy and the Italian region of Lazio, located on the Tiber River; the ancient capital of the Roman Empire)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English:_Q220"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
],
[
"Lazio",
"Lazio#English"
],
[
"Tiber",
"Tiber"
],
[
"Roman Empire",
"Roman Empire#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"cy:Metropolitan cities of Italy",
"cy:Places in Italy",
"cy:Places in Lazio, Italy"
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (a metropolitan city of Lazio, Italy)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English:_Q18288160"
],
[
"metropolitan city",
"metropolitan city"
],
[
"Lazio",
"Lazio#English"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Welsh terms with historical senses",
"cy:Ancient Rome",
"cy:Former polities"
],
"glosses": [
"Rome, Ancient Rome (an ancient empire based out of the city of Rome, covering vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"Ancient Rome",
"Ancient Rome#English"
],
[
"empire",
"empire"
],
[
"Rome",
"Rome"
],
[
"Europe",
"Europe#English"
],
[
"Asia",
"Asia#English"
],
[
"Africa",
"Africa#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Rome, Ancient Rome (an ancient empire based out of the city of Rome, covering vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈr̥ɨ̞vai̯n/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈr̥ɨ̞vɛn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈr̥iːvai̯n/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈr̥ɪvai̯n/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈr̥iːvɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈr̥ɪvɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɨ̞vai̯n"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cy:Rhufain"
],
"word": "Rhufain"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Rhufain meaning in All languages combined (4.0kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: Rhufain/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"Rhufain"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Rhufain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: Rhufain/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"Rhufain"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Rhufain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: Rhufain/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"Rhufain"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Rhufain",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (887c61b and 3d4dee6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.