See Penn on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-bry",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Brythonic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*penn",
"t": "(hill) top, head"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *penn (“(hill) top, head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "German",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wen",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Sorbian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pьňь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pьňь",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "* As an English surname, named after various places such as Penn in Buckinghamshire or Staffordshire, of Brythonic origin, from Proto-Brythonic *penn (“(hill) top, head”).\n* Also as an English surname, from the noun pen (“enclosure”).\n* Also as an English surname, spelling variant of Parnell.\n* As a German surname, from Sorbian pien (“tree stump”), from Proto-Slavic *pьňь.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Penn",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A surname."
],
"id": "en-Penn-en-name-EMUC1F3L",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Civil parishes of Buckinghamshire, England",
"orig": "en:Civil parishes of Buckinghamshire, England",
"parents": [
"Civil parishes",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Buckinghamshire, England",
"orig": "en:Places in Buckinghamshire, England",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in England",
"orig": "en:Places in England",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Villages in Buckinghamshire, England",
"orig": "en:Villages in Buckinghamshire, England",
"parents": [
"Villages",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Villages in England",
"orig": "en:Villages in England",
"parents": [
"Villages",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 17 12 5 13 13 14 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 17 13 7 12 12 13 15 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 13 6 13 13 13 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
188,
192
],
[
225,
229
]
],
"ref": "1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 312:",
"text": "High on a ridge of the Chilterns stands the village from which a celebrated Buckinghamshire family took its name. It was the home of the ancestors, and some of the descendants, of William Penn, the Quaker who in 1682 founded Pennsylvania in America.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A place in England:",
"A village and civil parish in Buckinghamshire, previously in Chiltern district (OS grid ref SP9094)."
],
"id": "en-Penn-en-name-Dqz9CJah",
"links": [
[
"England",
"England#English"
],
[
"village",
"village"
],
[
"civil parish",
"civil parish"
],
[
"Buckinghamshire",
"Buckinghamshire#English"
],
[
"Chiltern",
"Chiltern#English"
],
[
"OS",
"OS"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Dorset, England",
"orig": "en:Places in Dorset, England",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in England",
"orig": "en:Places in England",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Villages in Dorset, England",
"orig": "en:Villages in Dorset, England",
"parents": [
"Villages",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Villages in England",
"orig": "en:Villages in England",
"parents": [
"Villages",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 17 12 5 13 13 14 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 17 13 7 12 12 13 15 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 13 6 13 13 13 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A place in England:",
"A hamlet in Wootton Fitzpaine parish, west Dorset (OS grid ref SY3495)."
],
"id": "en-Penn-en-name-qDwBPDqV",
"links": [
[
"England",
"England#English"
],
[
"hamlet",
"hamlet"
],
[
"Wootton Fitzpaine",
"Wootton Fitzpaine#English"
],
[
"Dorset",
"Dorset#English"
],
[
"List of United Kingdom locations: Pe-Pen",
"w:List of United Kingdom locations: Pe-Pen#Penn"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in England",
"orig": "en:Places in England",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in the West Midlands, England",
"orig": "en:Places in the West Midlands, England",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Suburbs in the West Midlands, England",
"orig": "en:Suburbs in the West Midlands, England",
"parents": [
"Suburbs",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A place in England:",
"A western suburb of Wolverhampton, West Midlands (OS grid ref SO8996)."
],
"id": "en-Penn-en-name-lBmxsBfv",
"links": [
[
"England",
"England#English"
],
[
"suburb",
"suburb"
],
[
"Wolverhampton",
"Wolverhampton#English"
],
[
"West Midlands",
"West Midlands#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in North Dakota, USA",
"orig": "en:Places in North Dakota, USA",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in the United States",
"orig": "en:Places in the United States",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Unincorporated communities in North Dakota, USA",
"orig": "en:Unincorporated communities in North Dakota, USA",
"parents": [
"Unincorporated communities",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 17 12 5 13 13 14 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 17 13 7 12 12 13 15 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 13 6 13 13 13 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 7 6 2 27 11 10 14 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Universities",
"orig": "en:Universities",
"parents": [
"Schools",
"Buildings",
"Education",
"Buildings and structures",
"Society",
"Architecture",
"All topics",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Culture"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A place in the United States:",
"An unincorporated community in Ramsey County, North Dakota."
],
"id": "en-Penn-en-name-5PmLKH2h",
"links": [
[
"United States",
"United States#English"
],
[
"unincorporated community",
"unincorporated community"
],
[
"Ramsey County",
"Ramsey County#English"
],
[
"North Dakota",
"North Dakota#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Oregon, USA",
"orig": "en:Places in Oregon, USA",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in the United States",
"orig": "en:Places in the United States",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Unincorporated communities in Oregon, USA",
"orig": "en:Unincorporated communities in Oregon, USA",
"parents": [
"Unincorporated communities",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 17 12 5 13 13 14 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 17 13 7 12 12 13 15 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 13 6 13 13 13 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A place in the United States:",
"An unincorporated community in Lane County, Oregon."
],
"id": "en-Penn-en-name-tGuKbHpR",
"links": [
[
"United States",
"United States#English"
],
[
"unincorporated community",
"unincorporated community"
],
[
"Lane County",
"Lane County#English"
],
[
"Oregon",
"Oregon#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Boroughs in Pennsylvania, USA",
"orig": "en:Boroughs in Pennsylvania, USA",
"parents": [
"Boroughs",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Pennsylvania, USA",
"orig": "en:Places in Pennsylvania, USA",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in the United States",
"orig": "en:Places in the United States",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 17 12 5 13 13 14 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 17 13 7 12 12 13 15 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 13 6 13 13 13 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 67 33 0",
"english": "Staffordshire",
"word": "Lower Penn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 67 33 0",
"word": "Penn effect"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 67 33 0",
"word": "Pennsylvania"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A place in the United States:",
"A borough in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, named after William Penn."
],
"id": "en-Penn-en-name-7SG1dg8U",
"links": [
[
"United States",
"United States#English"
],
[
"borough",
"borough"
],
[
"Westmoreland County",
"Westmoreland County#English"
],
[
"Pennsylvania",
"Pennsylvania#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 67 33 0",
"word": "Penn State"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Illinois, USA",
"orig": "en:Places in Illinois, USA",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Indiana, USA",
"orig": "en:Places in Indiana, USA",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Iowa, USA",
"orig": "en:Places in Iowa, USA",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Michigan, USA",
"orig": "en:Places in Michigan, USA",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Minnesota, USA",
"orig": "en:Places in Minnesota, USA",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Missouri, USA",
"orig": "en:Places in Missouri, USA",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Ohio, USA",
"orig": "en:Places in Ohio, USA",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Pennsylvania, USA",
"orig": "en:Places in Pennsylvania, USA",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in the United States",
"orig": "en:Places in the United States",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Townships",
"orig": "en:Townships",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 17 12 5 13 13 14 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 17 13 7 12 12 13 15 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 13 6 13 13 13 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A place in the United States:",
"A number of townships in the United States, including in Illinois (2), Indiana (3), Iowa (4), Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio (2), and Pennsylvania (12), listed under Penn Township."
],
"id": "en-Penn-en-name-5zwyJB4g",
"links": [
[
"United States",
"United States#English"
],
[
"townships",
"township"
],
[
"United States",
"United States"
],
[
"Illinois",
"Illinois#English"
],
[
"Indiana",
"Indiana#English"
],
[
"Iowa",
"Iowa#English"
],
[
"Michigan",
"Michigan#English"
],
[
"Minnesota",
"Minnesota#English"
],
[
"Missouri",
"Missouri#English"
],
[
"Ohio",
"Ohio#English"
],
[
"Pennsylvania",
"Pennsylvania#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"University of Pennsylvania"
],
"id": "en-Penn-en-name-sFizuRBN",
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) University of Pennsylvania"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 12 9 9 13 52",
"sense": "University of Pennsylvania",
"word": "UPenn"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ɛn"
}
],
"word": "Penn"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛn",
"Rhymes:English/ɛn/1 syllable",
"en:Universities"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "Staffordshire",
"word": "Lower Penn"
},
{
"word": "Penn effect"
},
{
"word": "Pennsylvania"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-bry",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Brythonic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*penn",
"t": "(hill) top, head"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *penn (“(hill) top, head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "German",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wen",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Sorbian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pьňь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pьňь",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "* As an English surname, named after various places such as Penn in Buckinghamshire or Staffordshire, of Brythonic origin, from Proto-Brythonic *penn (“(hill) top, head”).\n* Also as an English surname, from the noun pen (“enclosure”).\n* Also as an English surname, spelling variant of Parnell.\n* As a German surname, from Sorbian pien (“tree stump”), from Proto-Slavic *pьňь.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Penn",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "Penn State"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English surnames"
],
"glosses": [
"A surname."
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Civil parishes of Buckinghamshire, England",
"en:Places in Buckinghamshire, England",
"en:Places in England",
"en:Villages in Buckinghamshire, England",
"en:Villages in England"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
188,
192
],
[
225,
229
]
],
"ref": "1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 312:",
"text": "High on a ridge of the Chilterns stands the village from which a celebrated Buckinghamshire family took its name. It was the home of the ancestors, and some of the descendants, of William Penn, the Quaker who in 1682 founded Pennsylvania in America.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A place in England:",
"A village and civil parish in Buckinghamshire, previously in Chiltern district (OS grid ref SP9094)."
],
"links": [
[
"England",
"England#English"
],
[
"village",
"village"
],
[
"civil parish",
"civil parish"
],
[
"Buckinghamshire",
"Buckinghamshire#English"
],
[
"Chiltern",
"Chiltern#English"
],
[
"OS",
"OS"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Places in Dorset, England",
"en:Places in England",
"en:Villages in Dorset, England",
"en:Villages in England"
],
"glosses": [
"A place in England:",
"A hamlet in Wootton Fitzpaine parish, west Dorset (OS grid ref SY3495)."
],
"links": [
[
"England",
"England#English"
],
[
"hamlet",
"hamlet"
],
[
"Wootton Fitzpaine",
"Wootton Fitzpaine#English"
],
[
"Dorset",
"Dorset#English"
],
[
"List of United Kingdom locations: Pe-Pen",
"w:List of United Kingdom locations: Pe-Pen#Penn"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Places in England",
"en:Places in the West Midlands, England",
"en:Suburbs in the West Midlands, England"
],
"glosses": [
"A place in England:",
"A western suburb of Wolverhampton, West Midlands (OS grid ref SO8996)."
],
"links": [
[
"England",
"England#English"
],
[
"suburb",
"suburb"
],
[
"Wolverhampton",
"Wolverhampton#English"
],
[
"West Midlands",
"West Midlands#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Places in North Dakota, USA",
"en:Places in the United States",
"en:Unincorporated communities in North Dakota, USA"
],
"glosses": [
"A place in the United States:",
"An unincorporated community in Ramsey County, North Dakota."
],
"links": [
[
"United States",
"United States#English"
],
[
"unincorporated community",
"unincorporated community"
],
[
"Ramsey County",
"Ramsey County#English"
],
[
"North Dakota",
"North Dakota#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Places in Oregon, USA",
"en:Places in the United States",
"en:Unincorporated communities in Oregon, USA"
],
"glosses": [
"A place in the United States:",
"An unincorporated community in Lane County, Oregon."
],
"links": [
[
"United States",
"United States#English"
],
[
"unincorporated community",
"unincorporated community"
],
[
"Lane County",
"Lane County#English"
],
[
"Oregon",
"Oregon#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Boroughs in Pennsylvania, USA",
"en:Places in Pennsylvania, USA",
"en:Places in the United States"
],
"glosses": [
"A place in the United States:",
"A borough in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, named after William Penn."
],
"links": [
[
"United States",
"United States#English"
],
[
"borough",
"borough"
],
[
"Westmoreland County",
"Westmoreland County#English"
],
[
"Pennsylvania",
"Pennsylvania#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Places in Illinois, USA",
"en:Places in Indiana, USA",
"en:Places in Iowa, USA",
"en:Places in Michigan, USA",
"en:Places in Minnesota, USA",
"en:Places in Missouri, USA",
"en:Places in Ohio, USA",
"en:Places in Pennsylvania, USA",
"en:Places in the United States",
"en:Townships"
],
"glosses": [
"A place in the United States:",
"A number of townships in the United States, including in Illinois (2), Indiana (3), Iowa (4), Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio (2), and Pennsylvania (12), listed under Penn Township."
],
"links": [
[
"United States",
"United States#English"
],
[
"townships",
"township"
],
[
"United States",
"United States"
],
[
"Illinois",
"Illinois#English"
],
[
"Indiana",
"Indiana#English"
],
[
"Iowa",
"Iowa#English"
],
[
"Michigan",
"Michigan#English"
],
[
"Minnesota",
"Minnesota#English"
],
[
"Missouri",
"Missouri#English"
],
[
"Ohio",
"Ohio#English"
],
[
"Pennsylvania",
"Pennsylvania#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"University of Pennsylvania"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) University of Pennsylvania"
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ɛn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "University of Pennsylvania",
"word": "UPenn"
}
],
"word": "Penn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Penn meaning in All languages combined (5.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (4eaa824 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.