See Cimmerian on Wiktionary
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"text": "The city, there, of the Cimmerians stands\nWith clouds and darkness veil’d, on whom the sun\nDeigns not to look with his beam-darting eye,",
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"ref": "1900, Jack London, The Shrinkage of the Planet:",
"text": "On their mysterious shores were the improbable homes of impossible peoples. The Great Sea, the Broad Sea, the Boundless Sea; the Ethiopians, \"dwelling far away, the most distant of men,\" and the Cimmerians, \"covered with darkness and cloud,\" where \"baleful night is spread over timid mortals.\"",
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"text": "Believe me, queen, your swarth Cimmerian\nDoth make your honour of his body's hue,\nSpotted, detested, and abominable.",
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"text": "The Phrygian power was broken in the 9th or 8th century B.C. by the Cimmerians, who entered Asia Minor through Armenia",
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"text": "1910, Herodotus (484 B.C.E.–425 B.C.E.), History of Herodotus, translated by George Rawlinson\nIn his reign the Cimmerians, driven from their homes by the nomads of Scythia, entered Asia and captured Sardis"
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"masculine"
],
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"masculine"
],
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},
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"sense": "one of the Cimmerii, ancient equestrian nomads of Indo-European origin",
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"feminine"
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},
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"text": "there it sleepeth, here it slumbreth: more or lesse they are ever darknesses, yea Cimmerian darknesses.",
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"text": "But the recent explosions had tapped just a fraction of Tambora’s compressed magma—the real paroxysm came five days later. Crawfurd, two islands away, was forced to conduct his daily affairs by candlelight as a gigantic ash cloud plunged the whole region into Cimmerian gloom.",
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24,
34
]
],
"ref": "1791, Homer, translated by William Cowper, The Odyssey of Homer:",
"text": "The city, there, of the Cimmerians stands\nWith clouds and darkness veil’d, on whom the sun\nDeigns not to look with his beam-darting eye,",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
195,
205
]
],
"ref": "1900, Jack London, The Shrinkage of the Planet:",
"text": "On their mysterious shores were the improbable homes of impossible peoples. The Great Sea, the Broad Sea, the Boundless Sea; the Ethiopians, \"dwelling far away, the most distant of men,\" and the Cimmerians, \"covered with darkness and cloud,\" where \"baleful night is spread over timid mortals.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of the mythical people supposed to inhabit a land of perpetual darkness."
],
"links": [
[
"Greek",
"Greek"
],
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"mythical",
"mythical"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Greek mythology) Any of the mythical people supposed to inhabit a land of perpetual darkness."
],
"tags": [
"Greek"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"mythology",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
31,
40
]
],
"ref": "c. 1588–1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Lamentable Tragedy of Titus Andronicus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):",
"text": "Believe me, queen, your swarth Cimmerian\nDoth make your honour of his body's hue,\nSpotted, detested, and abominable.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
68,
78
]
],
"ref": "1902, Encyclopedia Britannica:",
"text": "The Phrygian power was broken in the 9th or 8th century B.C. by the Cimmerians, who entered Asia Minor through Armenia",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1910, Herodotus (484 B.C.E.–425 B.C.E.), History of Herodotus, translated by George Rawlinson\nIn his reign the Cimmerians, driven from their homes by the nomads of Scythia, entered Asia and captured Sardis"
}
],
"glosses": [
"one of the Cimmerii, ancient equestrian nomads of Indo-European origin"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1867 to 1885, Lactantius (240–320 C.E.), Ante-Nicene Fathers, translated by William Fletcher\nVarro relates that there were ten Sibyls,—the first of the Persians, the second the Libyan, the third the Delphian, the fourth the Cimmerian..."
}
],
"glosses": [
"the prophetic priestess presiding over the Apollonian Oracle at Cimmerium in Italy."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) the prophetic priestess presiding over the Apollonian Oracle at Cimmerium in Italy."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɪˈmɪəɹ.ɪ.ən/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sɪˈmɪɹ.i.ən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪəɹɪən"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪɹiən"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Kimmérios",
"sense": "any of the mythical people supposed to inhabit a land of perpetual darkness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Κιμμέριος"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "any of the mythical people supposed to inhabit a land of perpetual darkness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kimmeryjczyk"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "any of the mythical people supposed to inhabit a land of perpetual darkness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Kimmeryjka"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "any of the mythical people supposed to inhabit a land of perpetual darkness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cimério"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "any of the mythical people supposed to inhabit a land of perpetual darkness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cimerio"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kimer",
"sense": "one of the Cimmerii, ancient equestrian nomads of Indo-European origin",
"word": "կիմեր"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "gamir",
"sense": "one of the Cimmerii, ancient equestrian nomads of Indo-European origin",
"word": "գամիր"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "one of the Cimmerii, ancient equestrian nomads of Indo-European origin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Cimmérien"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "one of the Cimmerii, ancient equestrian nomads of Indo-European origin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kimmerier"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "one of the Cimmerii, ancient equestrian nomads of Indo-European origin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Kimmerierin"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "one of the Cimmerii, ancient equestrian nomads of Indo-European origin",
"word": "kimmer"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "one of the Cimmerii, ancient equestrian nomads of Indo-European origin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Cimmero"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "one of the Cimmerii, ancient equestrian nomads of Indo-European origin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cimério"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kimmeríjec",
"sense": "one of the Cimmerii, ancient equestrian nomads of Indo-European origin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "киммери́ец"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "one of the Cimmerii, ancient equestrian nomads of Indo-European origin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cimerio"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kimeríjecʹ",
"sense": "one of the Cimmerii, ancient equestrian nomads of Indo-European origin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кімері́єць"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kimeríjka",
"sense": "one of the Cimmerii, ancient equestrian nomads of Indo-European origin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кімері́йка"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kimmeríjecʹ",
"sense": "one of the Cimmerii, ancient equestrian nomads of Indo-European origin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кіммері́єць"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kimmeríjka",
"sense": "one of the Cimmerii, ancient equestrian nomads of Indo-European origin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кіммері́йка"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Cimmerian Sibyl",
"Cimmerians"
],
"word": "Cimmerian"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms suffixed with -an",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɪəɹɪən",
"Rhymes:English/ɪəɹɪən/4 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɪɹiən",
"Rhymes:English/ɪɹiən/4 syllables",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"en:Ancient Near East",
"en:Extinct languages"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "Cimmerius"
},
"expansion": "Latin Cimmerius",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "Κιμμέριος",
"t": "pertaining to the Cimmerii"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek Κιμμέριος (Kimmérios, “pertaining to the Cimmerii”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "an"
},
"expansion": "+ -an",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the Latin Cimmerius, from Ancient Greek Κιμμέριος (Kimmérios, “pertaining to the Cimmerii”) + -an.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more Cimmerian",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most Cimmerian",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Cimmerian (comparative more Cimmerian, superlative most Cimmerian)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to the ancient Cimmerians."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
82,
91
]
],
"ref": "1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 12, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:",
"text": "there it sleepeth, here it slumbreth: more or lesse they are ever darknesses, yea Cimmerian darknesses.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
260,
269
]
],
"ref": "2023, Clive Oppenheimer, Mountains of Fire: The Menace, Meaning, and Magic of Volcanoes, University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, page 101:",
"text": "But the recent explosions had tapped just a fraction of Tambora’s compressed magma—the real paroxysm came five days later. Crawfurd, two islands away, was forced to conduct his daily affairs by candlelight as a gigantic ash cloud plunged the whole region into Cimmerian gloom.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Characteristic of Cimmeria; especially describing particularly dense darkness etc."
],
"links": [
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɪˈmɪəɹ.ɪ.ən/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sɪˈmɪɹ.i.ən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪəɹɪən"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪɹiən"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "describing particularly dense darkness",
"word": "kimmerisch"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Cimmerian Sibyl",
"Cimmerians"
],
"word": "Cimmerian"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms suffixed with -an",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɪəɹɪən",
"Rhymes:English/ɪəɹɪən/4 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɪɹiən",
"Rhymes:English/ɪɹiən/4 syllables",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"en:Ancient Near East",
"en:Extinct languages"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "Cimmerius"
},
"expansion": "Latin Cimmerius",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "Κιμμέριος",
"t": "pertaining to the Cimmerii"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek Κιμμέριος (Kimmérios, “pertaining to the Cimmerii”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "an"
},
"expansion": "+ -an",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the Latin Cimmerius, from Ancient Greek Κιμμέριος (Kimmérios, “pertaining to the Cimmerii”) + -an.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Cimmerian",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"the language of the Cimmerians, possibly belonging to the Iranian branch"
],
"links": [
[
"language",
"language"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɪˈmɪəɹ.ɪ.ən/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sɪˈmɪɹ.i.ən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪəɹɪən"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪɹiən"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kimereren",
"sense": "language",
"word": "կիմերերեն"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Kimmerisch"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kimmerijskij",
"sense": "language",
"word": "киммерийский"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Cimmerian Sibyl",
"Cimmerians"
],
"word": "Cimmerian"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms suffixed with -an",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"en:Ancient Near East",
"en:Extinct languages"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Cimmeria",
"3": "an"
},
"expansion": "Cimmeria + -an",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Cimmeria + -an.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "Cimmerian (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"related to the prehistoric continent of Cimmeria"
],
"links": [
[
"Cimmeria",
"Cimmeria"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Cimmerian Sibyl",
"Cimmerians"
],
"word": "Cimmerian"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Cimmerian meaning in All languages combined (15.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (89ebc88 and e74c913). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.