See Chud on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ru",
"3": "чудь"
},
"expansion": "Russian чудь (čudʹ)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tuath"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of tuath",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Russian чудь (čudʹ). Doublet of tuath.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Chuds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Chud",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "Chud"
},
"expansion": "Chud (plural Chuds or Chud)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w"
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{
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1998, Michael P. Robinson, Karim-Aly S. Kassam, Leif Rantala, Sami Potatoes: Living with Reindeer and Perestroika, Bayeux Arts Incorporated, →ISBN, page 76:",
"text": "In the meantime, the Chuds tied [her] foot so that she would not escape. When Liaine returned with his brother Aripi and son Peairi, he found the Sami camp smouldering and empty.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Anti Selart, Livonia, Rus’ and the Baltic Crusades in the Thirteenth Century, BRILL, →ISBN, page 62:",
"text": "Some Chuds had attained a prominent position at the court of the early Russian princes. Military campaigns against the Chuds are mentioned in the chronicles from the 11th century. They were defeated by Prince Iaroslav Vladimirovich [...]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Alexander Basilevsky, Early Ukraine: A Military and Social History to the Mid–19th Century, McFarland, →ISBN, page 159:",
"text": "[...] turned to another region which paid tribute to Pskov, the land of the Chuds (Estonian Finns). [...] Iuriev or Tartu as it became known was nominally under a Chud elder called Vetseke but had a garrison from Pskov.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A member of any of several Finnic peoples in the area of what is now Estonia, Karelia and Northwestern Russia."
],
"id": "en-Chud-en-noun-rtoUQHiC",
"links": [
[
"Finnic",
"Finnic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, in early Russian annals, chiefly used in the plural) A member of any of several Finnic peoples in the area of what is now Estonia, Karelia and Northwestern Russia."
],
"raw_tags": [
"in early Russian annals",
"used in the plural"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Chude"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "a member of any of several Finnic peoples",
"word": "tšuudi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a member of any of several Finnic peoples",
"word": "tšuudi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a member of any of several Finnic peoples",
"word": "tsuudi"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čudʹ",
"sense": "a member of any of several Finnic peoples",
"tags": [
"collective"
],
"word": "чудь"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "a member of any of several Finnic peoples",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "tjud"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čudʹ",
"sense": "a member of any of several Finnic peoples",
"tags": [
"collective"
],
"word": "чудь"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Chud"
]
}
],
"word": "Chud"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ru",
"3": "чудь"
},
"expansion": "Russian чудь (čudʹ)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tuath"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of tuath",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Russian чудь (čudʹ). Doublet of tuath.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Chuds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Chud",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
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"1": "s",
"2": "Chud"
},
"expansion": "Chud (plural Chuds or Chud)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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{
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"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations",
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"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1998, Michael P. Robinson, Karim-Aly S. Kassam, Leif Rantala, Sami Potatoes: Living with Reindeer and Perestroika, Bayeux Arts Incorporated, →ISBN, page 76:",
"text": "In the meantime, the Chuds tied [her] foot so that she would not escape. When Liaine returned with his brother Aripi and son Peairi, he found the Sami camp smouldering and empty.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Anti Selart, Livonia, Rus’ and the Baltic Crusades in the Thirteenth Century, BRILL, →ISBN, page 62:",
"text": "Some Chuds had attained a prominent position at the court of the early Russian princes. Military campaigns against the Chuds are mentioned in the chronicles from the 11th century. They were defeated by Prince Iaroslav Vladimirovich [...]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Alexander Basilevsky, Early Ukraine: A Military and Social History to the Mid–19th Century, McFarland, →ISBN, page 159:",
"text": "[...] turned to another region which paid tribute to Pskov, the land of the Chuds (Estonian Finns). [...] Iuriev or Tartu as it became known was nominally under a Chud elder called Vetseke but had a garrison from Pskov.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A member of any of several Finnic peoples in the area of what is now Estonia, Karelia and Northwestern Russia."
],
"links": [
[
"Finnic",
"Finnic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, in early Russian annals, chiefly used in the plural) A member of any of several Finnic peoples in the area of what is now Estonia, Karelia and Northwestern Russia."
],
"raw_tags": [
"in early Russian annals",
"used in the plural"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Chud"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Chude"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "a member of any of several Finnic peoples",
"word": "tšuudi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a member of any of several Finnic peoples",
"word": "tšuudi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a member of any of several Finnic peoples",
"word": "tsuudi"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čudʹ",
"sense": "a member of any of several Finnic peoples",
"tags": [
"collective"
],
"word": "чудь"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "a member of any of several Finnic peoples",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "tjud"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čudʹ",
"sense": "a member of any of several Finnic peoples",
"tags": [
"collective"
],
"word": "чудь"
}
],
"word": "Chud"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Chud meaning in All languages combined (3.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.