"-으옵-" meaning in All languages combined

See -으옵- on Wiktionary

Suffix [Korean]

IPA: [ɯo̞p̚] [SK-Standard, Seoul] Forms: -euop- [romanization], -오- [alternative, before-vowel], -옵- [alternative], -으오- [alternative, before-vowel], -으옵- [alternative]
Etymology: From Middle Korean -ᅀᆞᇦ- (Yale: -zòW◌́-, object-honoring suffix), from Old Korean 白 (*SOLPO-). The expected form after consonants is -습- (-seup-), cf. -소 (-so) and -습니다 (-seumnida), but in contemporary Korean an epenthetical vowel was introduced instead to produce -으옵 (-euop). Etymology templates: {{inh|ko|okm|-}} Middle Korean, {{okm-l|-ᅀᆞᇦ-|-zòW◌́-|5=object-honoring suffix}} -ᅀᆞᇦ- (Yale: -zòW◌́-, object-honoring suffix), {{inh|ko|oko|白|tr=*SOLPO-}} Old Korean 白 (*SOLPO-) Head templates: {{ko-suffix}} -으옵- • (-euop-)
  1. (very formal or dated) A highly polite deferential suffix. Tags: dated, formal, morpheme
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "okm",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Korean",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-ᅀᆞᇦ-",
        "2": "-zòW◌́-",
        "5": "object-honoring suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-ᅀᆞᇦ- (Yale: -zòW◌́-, object-honoring suffix)",
      "name": "okm-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "oko",
        "3": "白",
        "tr": "*SOLPO-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Korean 白 (*SOLPO-)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Korean -ᅀᆞᇦ- (Yale: -zòW◌́-, object-honoring suffix), from Old Korean 白 (*SOLPO-). The expected form after consonants is -습- (-seup-), cf. -소 (-so) and -습니다 (-seumnida), but in contemporary Korean an epenthetical vowel was introduced instead to produce -으옵 (-euop).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-euop-",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-오-",
      "raw_tags": [
        "after vowels or ㄹ (l)"
      ],
      "roman": "-o-",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "before-vowel"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-옵-",
      "roman": "-op-",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-으오-",
      "raw_tags": [
        "after other consonants"
      ],
      "roman": "-euo-",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "before-vowel"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-으옵-",
      "roman": "-euop-",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-으옵- • (-euop-)",
      "name": "ko-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean usage examples with omitted translation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              2,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              1,
              2
            ]
          ],
          "roman": "ha-o-ni",
          "text": "하오니",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              6,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "roman": "dareum-i ani-o-ra",
          "text": "다름이 아니오라",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              29,
              32
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              13
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I turn towards the ever-compassionate World-Honored One [the Buddha], and with utmost devotion I utter my prayer.",
          "roman": "Daejadaebi sejon-kke gwiui-ha-op-go jigeukjeongseong-euro barwon-ha-naida.",
          "text": "대자대비 세존께 귀의하옵고 지극정성으로 발원하나이다.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A highly polite deferential suffix."
      ],
      "id": "en--으옵--ko-suffix-DJgF9HA6",
      "links": [
        [
          "deferential",
          "deferential#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(very formal or dated) A highly polite deferential suffix."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "formal",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɯo̞p̚]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "으옵"
    },
    {
      "other": "[으옵]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-으옵-"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "okm",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Korean",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-ᅀᆞᇦ-",
        "2": "-zòW◌́-",
        "5": "object-honoring suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-ᅀᆞᇦ- (Yale: -zòW◌́-, object-honoring suffix)",
      "name": "okm-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "oko",
        "3": "白",
        "tr": "*SOLPO-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Korean 白 (*SOLPO-)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Korean -ᅀᆞᇦ- (Yale: -zòW◌́-, object-honoring suffix), from Old Korean 白 (*SOLPO-). The expected form after consonants is -습- (-seup-), cf. -소 (-so) and -습니다 (-seumnida), but in contemporary Korean an epenthetical vowel was introduced instead to produce -으옵 (-euop).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-euop-",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-오-",
      "raw_tags": [
        "after vowels or ㄹ (l)"
      ],
      "roman": "-o-",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "before-vowel"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-옵-",
      "roman": "-op-",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-으오-",
      "raw_tags": [
        "after other consonants"
      ],
      "roman": "-euo-",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "before-vowel"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-으옵-",
      "roman": "-euop-",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-으옵- • (-euop-)",
      "name": "ko-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Korean dated terms",
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean formal terms",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean suffixes",
        "Korean terms derived from Middle Korean",
        "Korean terms derived from Old Korean",
        "Korean terms inherited from Middle Korean",
        "Korean terms inherited from Old Korean",
        "Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
        "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
        "Korean terms with usage examples",
        "Korean usage examples with omitted translation",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              2,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              1,
              2
            ]
          ],
          "roman": "ha-o-ni",
          "text": "하오니",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              6,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "roman": "dareum-i ani-o-ra",
          "text": "다름이 아니오라",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              29,
              32
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              13
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I turn towards the ever-compassionate World-Honored One [the Buddha], and with utmost devotion I utter my prayer.",
          "roman": "Daejadaebi sejon-kke gwiui-ha-op-go jigeukjeongseong-euro barwon-ha-naida.",
          "text": "대자대비 세존께 귀의하옵고 지극정성으로 발원하나이다.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A highly polite deferential suffix."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "deferential",
          "deferential#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(very formal or dated) A highly polite deferential suffix."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "formal",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɯo̞p̚]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "으옵"
    },
    {
      "other": "[으옵]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-으옵-"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.