See -ən on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "az-suffix-forms",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-an",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-consonant",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-ən",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-consonant",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-yan",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-vowel",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-yən",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-vowel",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ən",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Azerbaijani entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix creating subject non-past participles from verbs."
],
"id": "en--ən-az-suffix-Mf-e93jl",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ən"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Philippine"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Batanic"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ivv",
"2": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Ivatan: -en",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ivatan: -en"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Greater Central Philippine"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Philippine"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "-in"
},
"expansion": "Tagalog: -in",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tagalog: -in"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "-ĕn"
},
"expansion": "Old Javanese: -ĕn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Javanese: -ĕn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Javanese: -en",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Javanese: -en"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sumatran"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Batak"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern Batak"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "btx",
"2": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Karo Batak: -en",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karo Batak: -en"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Malayo-Chamic"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-mly-pro",
"2": "*-ən"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic: *-ən",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Malayic: *-ən (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "conf",
"4": "map-pro>*-ən>suffix",
"id": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pro",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*-ən"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *-ən",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Austronesian *-ən.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-ən",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"lang_code": "poz-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/-ən",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Verbal suffix marking patient or undergoer voice."
],
"id": "en--ən-poz-pro-suffix-bkBDOH3T",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nominal suffix marking action result or effect"
],
"id": "en--ən-poz-pro-suffix-MefyTWLb",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ən/"
}
],
"word": "-ən"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mfb",
"2": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Bangka: -en",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bangka: -en"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bew",
"2": "-in",
"der": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? Betawi: -in",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? Betawi: -in"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "knx",
"2": "-atn"
},
"expansion": "Kendayan: -atn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kendayan: -atn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "min",
"2": "-an"
},
"expansion": "Minangkabau: -an",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Minangkabau: -an"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mui",
"2": "-an",
"q": "Belide, Coastal"
},
"expansion": "Musi: (Belide, Coastal) -an",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Musi: (Belide, Coastal) -an"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-mly-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "conf",
"4": "poz-pro>*-ən>suffix",
"id": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-mly-pro",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*-ən"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-ən",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-ən.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-mly-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-ən",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Malayic",
"lang_code": "poz-mly-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Malayic/-ən",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Malayic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Verbal suffix marking patient or undergoer voice."
],
"id": "en--ən-poz-mly-pro-suffix-bkBDOH3T",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ən/"
}
],
"word": "-ən"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "az-suffix-forms",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-an",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-consonant",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-ən",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-consonant",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-yan",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-vowel",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-yən",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"after-vowel",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ən",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Azerbaijani entries with incorrect language header",
"Azerbaijani lemmas",
"Azerbaijani suffixes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix creating subject non-past participles from verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ən"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mfb",
"2": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Bangka: -en",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bangka: -en"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bew",
"2": "-in",
"der": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? Betawi: -in",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? Betawi: -in"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "knx",
"2": "-atn"
},
"expansion": "Kendayan: -atn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kendayan: -atn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "min",
"2": "-an"
},
"expansion": "Minangkabau: -an",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Minangkabau: -an"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mui",
"2": "-an",
"q": "Belide, Coastal"
},
"expansion": "Musi: (Belide, Coastal) -an",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Musi: (Belide, Coastal) -an"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-mly-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "conf",
"4": "poz-pro>*-ən>suffix",
"id": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-mly-pro",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*-ən"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-ən",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-ən.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-mly-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-ən",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Malayic",
"lang_code": "poz-mly-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Malayic/-ən",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Malayic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Malayic lemmas",
"Proto-Malayic suffixes",
"Proto-Malayic terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
"Proto-Malayic terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Proto-Malayic terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
"Proto-Malayic terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian"
],
"glosses": [
"Verbal suffix marking patient or undergoer voice."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ən/"
}
],
"word": "-ən"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian lemmas",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian suffixes",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Philippine"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Batanic"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ivv",
"2": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Ivatan: -en",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ivatan: -en"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Greater Central Philippine"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Philippine"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "-in"
},
"expansion": "Tagalog: -in",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tagalog: -in"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "-ĕn"
},
"expansion": "Old Javanese: -ĕn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Javanese: -ĕn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Javanese: -en",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Javanese: -en"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sumatran"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Batak"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern Batak"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "btx",
"2": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Karo Batak: -en",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karo Batak: -en"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Malayo-Chamic"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-mly-pro",
"2": "*-ən"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic: *-ən",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Malayic: *-ən (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "conf",
"4": "map-pro>*-ən>suffix",
"id": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pro",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*-ən"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *-ən",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Austronesian *-ən.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-ən",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"lang_code": "poz-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/-ən",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Verbal suffix marking patient or undergoer voice."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Nominal suffix marking action result or effect"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ən/"
}
],
"word": "-ən"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ən meaning in All languages combined (5.5kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'a / i / o / u'",
"path": [
"-ən"
],
"section": "Azerbaijani",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ən",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'e / ə / i̇ / ö / ü'",
"path": [
"-ən"
],
"section": "Azerbaijani",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ən",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (142890b and 1d3fdbf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.