"독하다" meaning in All languages combined

See 독하다 on Wiktionary

Adjective [Korean]

IPA: [to̞kʰa̠da̠] [SK-Standard, Seoul]
Etymology: 독(毒) (dok, “poison”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives). From Middle Korean 독〮ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: twók-hòtá). Etymology templates: {{af|ko|독(毒)|-하다|pos2=light verb deriving adjectives|t1=poison|t2=to do}} 독(毒) (dok, “poison”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives), {{inh|ko|okm|-}} Middle Korean, {{okm-l|독〮ᄒᆞ다〮|twók-hòtá}} 독〮ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: twók-hòtá) Head templates: {{ko-adj|hanja=毒하다}} 독하다 • (dokhada) (infinitive 독해 or 독하여, sequential 독하니, hanja 毒하다) Forms: dokhada [romanization], 독해 [infinitive], 독하여 [infinitive], 독하니 [sequential], 毒하다 [hanja], irregular [table-tags], 독하다 [formal, indicative, non-past], 독해 [indicative, informal, non-past], 독해요 [indicative, informal, non-past, polite], 독합니다 [formal, indicative, non-past, polite], 독했다 [formal, indicative, past], 독했어 [indicative, informal, past], 독했어요 [indicative, informal, past, polite], 독했습니다 [formal, indicative, past, polite], 독하냐 [formal, interrogative, non-past], 독해 [informal, interrogative, non-past], 독해요 [informal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 독합니까 [formal, interrogative, non-past, polite], 독했냐 [formal, interrogative, past], 독했어 [informal, interrogative, past], 독했어요 [informal, interrogative, past, polite], 독했습니까 [formal, interrogative, past, polite], 독하겠다 [assertive, formal], 독하겠어 [assertive, informal], 독하겠어요 [assertive, informal, polite], 독하겠습니다 [assertive, formal, polite], 독해 [causative, formal], 독해서 [causative, informal], 독하여서 [causative, informal], 독하니 [causative, informal, polite], 독하니까 [causative, formal, polite], 독하지만 [contrastive, formal], 독한데 [contrastive, informal], 독하더니 [contrastive, informal, polite], 독하고 [conjunctive, formal], 독하면 [conditional, formal], 독해야 [conditional, informal], 독하여야 [conditional, informal], 독함 [formal, noun-from-verb], 독하기 [informal, noun-from-verb], 독했음 [formal, noun-from-verb, past], 독하였음 [formal, noun-from-verb, past], 독했기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 독하였기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 독한 [determiner, informal, present], 독할 [determiner, future, informal], irregular [table-tags], 독하시다 [indicative, non-past], 독하셔 [indicative, informal, non-past], 독하세요 [indicative, non-past, polite], 독하셔요 [indicative, non-past, polite], 독하십니다 [formal, indicative, non-past], 독하셨다 [indicative, past], 독하셨어 [indicative, informal, past], 독하셨어요 [indicative, past, polite], 독하셨습니다 [formal, indicative, past], 독하시냐 [interrogative, non-past], 독하셔 [informal, interrogative, non-past], 독하세요 [interrogative, non-past, polite], 독하셔요 [interrogative, non-past, polite], 독하십니까 [formal, interrogative, non-past], 독하셨냐 [interrogative, past], 독하셨어 [informal, interrogative, past], 독하셨어요 [interrogative, past, polite], 독하셨습니까 [formal, interrogative, past], 독하시겠다 [assertive], 독하시겠어 [assertive, informal], 독하시겠어요 [assertive, polite], 독하시겠습니다 [assertive, formal], 독하셔 [causative], 독하셔서 [causative, informal], 독하시니 [causative, polite], 독하시니까 [causative, formal], 독하시지만 [contrastive], 독하신데 [contrastive, informal], 독하시더니 [contrastive, polite], 독하시고 [conjunctive], 독하시면 [conditional], 독하셔야 [conditional, informal], 독하심 [noun-from-verb], 독하시기 [informal, noun-from-verb], 독하셨음 [noun-from-verb, past], 독하셨기 [informal, noun-from-verb, past], 독하신 [determiner, informal, present], 독하실 [determiner, future, informal]
  1. to be noxious; to be poisonous
    Sense id: en-독하다-ko-adj-oWFA7Gef
  2. (of taste or smell) to be strong
    Sense id: en-독하다-ko-adj-TdLnTN19
  3. (figuratively, of a person) to be vicious Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-독하다-ko-adj-Cxo22NfL
  4. (figuratively, of will) to be firm, to be resolute Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-독하다-ko-adj-YzOJ2jFa Categories (other): Korean entries with incorrect language header, Korean terms suffixed with -하다, Korean terms with redundant script codes, Korean terms with redundant transliterations, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Korean entries with incorrect language header: 17 17 17 50 Disambiguation of Korean terms suffixed with -하다: 15 15 15 55 Disambiguation of Korean terms with redundant script codes: 15 15 15 56 Disambiguation of Korean terms with redundant transliterations: 14 14 14 57 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 0 0 0 100 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 0 0 0 100
     
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "독(毒)",
        "3": "-하다",
        "pos2": "light verb deriving adjectives",
        "t1": "poison",
        "t2": "to do"
      },
      "expansion": "독(毒) (dok, “poison”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "okm",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Korean",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "독〮ᄒᆞ다〮",
        "2": "twók-hòtá"
      },
      "expansion": "독〮ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: twók-hòtá)",
      "name": "okm-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "독(毒) (dok, “poison”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives). From Middle Korean 독〮ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: twók-hòtá).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dokhada",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독해",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하여",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하니",
      "tags": [
        "sequential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "毒하다",
      "tags": [
        "hanja"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/adj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하다",
      "roman": "dokhada",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독해",
      "roman": "dokhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독해요",
      "roman": "dokhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독합니다",
      "roman": "dokhamnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독했다",
      "roman": "dokhaetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독했어",
      "roman": "dokhaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독했어요",
      "roman": "dokhaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독했습니다",
      "roman": "dokhaetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하냐",
      "roman": "dokhanya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독해",
      "roman": "dokhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독해요",
      "roman": "dokhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독합니까",
      "roman": "dokhamnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독했냐",
      "roman": "dokhaennya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독했어",
      "roman": "dokhaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독했어요",
      "roman": "dokhaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독했습니까",
      "roman": "dokhaetseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하겠다",
      "roman": "dokhagetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하겠어",
      "roman": "dokhagesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하겠어요",
      "roman": "dokhagesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하겠습니다",
      "roman": "dokhagetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독해",
      "roman": "dokhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독해서",
      "roman": "dokhaeseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하여서",
      "roman": "dokhayeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하니",
      "roman": "dokhani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하니까",
      "roman": "dokhanikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하지만",
      "roman": "dokhajiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독한데",
      "roman": "dokhande",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하더니",
      "roman": "dokhadeoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하고",
      "roman": "dokhago",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하면",
      "roman": "dokhamyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독해야",
      "roman": "dokhaeya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하여야",
      "roman": "dokhayeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독함",
      "roman": "dokham",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하기",
      "roman": "dokhagi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독했음",
      "roman": "dokhaesseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하였음",
      "roman": "dokhayeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독했기",
      "roman": "dokhaetgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하였기",
      "roman": "dokhayeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독한",
      "roman": "dokhan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "informal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독할",
      "roman": "dokhal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "future",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/adj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시다",
      "roman": "dokhasida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셔",
      "roman": "dokhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하세요",
      "roman": "dokhaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셔요",
      "roman": "dokhasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하십니다",
      "roman": "dokhasimnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셨다",
      "roman": "dokhasyeotda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셨어",
      "roman": "dokhasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셨어요",
      "roman": "dokhasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셨습니다",
      "roman": "dokhasyeotseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시냐",
      "roman": "dokhasinya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셔",
      "roman": "dokhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하세요",
      "roman": "dokhaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셔요",
      "roman": "dokhasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하십니까",
      "roman": "dokhasimnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셨냐",
      "roman": "dokhasyeonnya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셨어",
      "roman": "dokhasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셨어요",
      "roman": "dokhasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셨습니까",
      "roman": "dokhasyeotseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시겠다",
      "roman": "dokhasigetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시겠어",
      "roman": "dokhasigesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시겠어요",
      "roman": "dokhasigesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시겠습니다",
      "roman": "dokhasigetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셔",
      "roman": "dokhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셔서",
      "roman": "dokhasyeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시니",
      "roman": "dokhasini",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시니까",
      "roman": "dokhasinikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시지만",
      "roman": "dokhasijiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하신데",
      "roman": "dokhasinde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시더니",
      "roman": "dokhasideoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시고",
      "roman": "dokhasigo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시면",
      "roman": "dokhasimyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셔야",
      "roman": "dokhasyeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하심",
      "roman": "dokhasim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시기",
      "roman": "dokhasigi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셨음",
      "roman": "dokhasyeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셨기",
      "roman": "dokhasyeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하신",
      "roman": "dokhasin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "informal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하실",
      "roman": "dokhasil",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "future",
        "informal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hanja": "毒하다"
      },
      "expansion": "독하다 • (dokhada) (infinitive 독해 or 독하여, sequential 독하니, hanja 毒하다)",
      "name": "ko-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be noxious; to be poisonous"
      ],
      "id": "en-독하다-ko-adj-oWFA7Gef",
      "links": [
        [
          "noxious",
          "noxious"
        ],
        [
          "poisonous",
          "poisonous"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be strong"
      ],
      "id": "en-독하다-ko-adj-TdLnTN19",
      "links": [
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of taste or smell) to be strong"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of taste or smell"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be vicious"
      ],
      "id": "en-독하다-ko-adj-Cxo22NfL",
      "links": [
        [
          "vicious",
          "vicious"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively, of a person) to be vicious"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of a person"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 17 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 15 15 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms suffixed with -하다",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 15 15 56",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 14 14 57",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be firm, to be resolute"
      ],
      "id": "en-독하다-ko-adj-YzOJ2jFa",
      "links": [
        [
          "firm",
          "firm"
        ],
        [
          "resolute",
          "resolute"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively, of will) to be firm, to be resolute"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of will"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[to̞kʰa̠da̠]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "도카다"
    },
    {
      "other": "[도카다]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "독하다"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Korean adjectives",
    "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
    "Korean ha-irregular adjectives",
    "Korean lemmas",
    "Korean terms derived from Middle Korean",
    "Korean terms inherited from Middle Korean",
    "Korean terms suffixed with -하다",
    "Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
    "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "독(毒)",
        "3": "-하다",
        "pos2": "light verb deriving adjectives",
        "t1": "poison",
        "t2": "to do"
      },
      "expansion": "독(毒) (dok, “poison”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "okm",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Korean",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "독〮ᄒᆞ다〮",
        "2": "twók-hòtá"
      },
      "expansion": "독〮ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: twók-hòtá)",
      "name": "okm-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "독(毒) (dok, “poison”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives). From Middle Korean 독〮ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: twók-hòtá).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dokhada",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독해",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하여",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하니",
      "tags": [
        "sequential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "毒하다",
      "tags": [
        "hanja"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/adj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하다",
      "roman": "dokhada",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독해",
      "roman": "dokhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독해요",
      "roman": "dokhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독합니다",
      "roman": "dokhamnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독했다",
      "roman": "dokhaetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독했어",
      "roman": "dokhaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독했어요",
      "roman": "dokhaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독했습니다",
      "roman": "dokhaetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하냐",
      "roman": "dokhanya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독해",
      "roman": "dokhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독해요",
      "roman": "dokhaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독합니까",
      "roman": "dokhamnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독했냐",
      "roman": "dokhaennya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독했어",
      "roman": "dokhaesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독했어요",
      "roman": "dokhaesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독했습니까",
      "roman": "dokhaetseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하겠다",
      "roman": "dokhagetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하겠어",
      "roman": "dokhagesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하겠어요",
      "roman": "dokhagesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하겠습니다",
      "roman": "dokhagetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독해",
      "roman": "dokhae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독해서",
      "roman": "dokhaeseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하여서",
      "roman": "dokhayeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하니",
      "roman": "dokhani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하니까",
      "roman": "dokhanikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하지만",
      "roman": "dokhajiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독한데",
      "roman": "dokhande",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하더니",
      "roman": "dokhadeoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하고",
      "roman": "dokhago",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하면",
      "roman": "dokhamyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독해야",
      "roman": "dokhaeya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하여야",
      "roman": "dokhayeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독함",
      "roman": "dokham",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하기",
      "roman": "dokhagi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독했음",
      "roman": "dokhaesseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하였음",
      "roman": "dokhayeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독했기",
      "roman": "dokhaetgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하였기",
      "roman": "dokhayeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독한",
      "roman": "dokhan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "informal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독할",
      "roman": "dokhal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "future",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ko-conj/adj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vowel-stem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시다",
      "roman": "dokhasida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셔",
      "roman": "dokhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하세요",
      "roman": "dokhaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셔요",
      "roman": "dokhasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하십니다",
      "roman": "dokhasimnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셨다",
      "roman": "dokhasyeotda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셨어",
      "roman": "dokhasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셨어요",
      "roman": "dokhasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셨습니다",
      "roman": "dokhasyeotseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "indicative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시냐",
      "roman": "dokhasinya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셔",
      "roman": "dokhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하세요",
      "roman": "dokhaseyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셔요",
      "roman": "dokhasyeoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative",
        "non-past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하십니까",
      "roman": "dokhasimnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "non-past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셨냐",
      "roman": "dokhasyeonnya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셨어",
      "roman": "dokhasyeosseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셨어요",
      "roman": "dokhasyeosseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "interrogative",
        "past",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셨습니까",
      "roman": "dokhasyeotseumnikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "interrogative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시겠다",
      "roman": "dokhasigetda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시겠어",
      "roman": "dokhasigesseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시겠어요",
      "roman": "dokhasigesseoyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시겠습니다",
      "roman": "dokhasigetseumnida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "assertive",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셔",
      "roman": "dokhasyeo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셔서",
      "roman": "dokhasyeoseo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시니",
      "roman": "dokhasini",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시니까",
      "roman": "dokhasinikka",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시지만",
      "roman": "dokhasijiman",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하신데",
      "roman": "dokhasinde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시더니",
      "roman": "dokhasideoni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive",
        "polite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시고",
      "roman": "dokhasigo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시면",
      "roman": "dokhasimyeon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셔야",
      "roman": "dokhasyeoya",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하심",
      "roman": "dokhasim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하시기",
      "roman": "dokhasigi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셨음",
      "roman": "dokhasyeosseum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하셨기",
      "roman": "dokhasyeotgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하신",
      "roman": "dokhasin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "informal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독하실",
      "roman": "dokhasil",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "determiner",
        "future",
        "informal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hanja": "毒하다"
      },
      "expansion": "독하다 • (dokhada) (infinitive 독해 or 독하여, sequential 독하니, hanja 毒하다)",
      "name": "ko-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be noxious; to be poisonous"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "noxious",
          "noxious"
        ],
        [
          "poisonous",
          "poisonous"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be strong"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of taste or smell) to be strong"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of taste or smell"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be vicious"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "vicious",
          "vicious"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively, of a person) to be vicious"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of a person"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be firm, to be resolute"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "firm",
          "firm"
        ],
        [
          "resolute",
          "resolute"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively, of will) to be firm, to be resolute"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of will"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[to̞kʰa̠da̠]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "도카다"
    },
    {
      "other": "[도카다]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "독하다"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 독하다 meaning in All languages combined (11.6kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-01 using wiktextract (45c4a21 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.