"謙讓" meaning in All languages combined

See 謙讓 on Wiktionary

Adjective [Chinese]

IPA: /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʐɑŋ⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /hiːm⁵⁵ jœːŋ²²/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niũ²²/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /kʰiam³³ niũ⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niɔ̃²²/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /kʰiam⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɔŋ³³/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʐɑŋ⁵¹/, /hiːm⁵⁵ jœːŋ²²/, /kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niũ²²/, /kʰiam³³ niũ⁴¹/, /kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niɔ̃²²/, /kʰiam⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɔŋ³³/ Chinese transliterations: qiānràng [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄑㄧㄢ ㄖㄤˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], him¹ joeng⁶ [Cantonese, Jyutping], khiam-niū, khiam-niō͘, khiam-jiōng, qiānràng [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], cianràng [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], chʻien¹-jang⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], chyān-ràng [Mandarin, Yale], chianranq [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], цяньжан [Mandarin, Palladius], cjanʹžan [Mandarin, Palladius], hīm yeuhng [Cantonese, Yale], him¹ joeng⁶ [Cantonese, Pinyin], him¹ yêng⁶ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], khiam-niū [Hokkien, POJ], khiam-niū [Hokkien, Tai-lo], qiamniu [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], khiam-niō͘ [Hokkien, POJ], khiam-niōo [Hokkien, Tai-lo], khiam-jiōng [Hokkien, POJ], khiam-jiōng [Hokkien, Tai-lo], qiamjiong [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], khem nyangH [Middle-Chinese], /*k-r̥ˤem naŋ-s/ [Baxter-Sagart, Old-Chinese], /*kʰeːm njaŋs/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang]
Head templates: {{head|zh|adjective}} 謙讓
  1. humble; modest; unassuming
    Sense id: en-謙讓-zh-adj-RJRyw1Go Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 74 26 Synonyms: 徛裡 (alt: kiê-*diē) [Eastern, Min], 徛里 (alt: kiê-*diē) [Eastern, Min], 自謙 (zìqiān), 自谦 (zìqiān), 虛心 (xūxīn), 虚心 (xūxīn), 課謙 [Hokkien], 课谦 [Hokkien], 謙卑 (qiānbēi), 谦卑 (qiānbēi), 謙抑 (qiānyì) [literary], 谦抑 (qiānyì) [literary], 謙沖 (qiānchōng) [literary], 谦冲 (qiānchōng) [literary], 謙虛 (qiānxū), 谦虚 (qiānxū), 謙遜 (qiānxùn), 谦逊 (qiānxùn), 顧謙 [Hokkien], 顾谦 [Hokkien]

Verb [Chinese]

IPA: /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʐɑŋ⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /hiːm⁵⁵ jœːŋ²²/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niũ²²/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /kʰiam³³ niũ⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niɔ̃²²/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /kʰiam⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɔŋ³³/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʐɑŋ⁵¹/, /hiːm⁵⁵ jœːŋ²²/, /kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niũ²²/, /kʰiam³³ niũ⁴¹/, /kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niɔ̃²²/, /kʰiam⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɔŋ³³/ Chinese transliterations: qiānràng [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄑㄧㄢ ㄖㄤˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], him¹ joeng⁶ [Cantonese, Jyutping], khiam-niū, khiam-niō͘, khiam-jiōng, qiānràng [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], cianràng [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], chʻien¹-jang⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], chyān-ràng [Mandarin, Yale], chianranq [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], цяньжан [Mandarin, Palladius], cjanʹžan [Mandarin, Palladius], hīm yeuhng [Cantonese, Yale], him¹ joeng⁶ [Cantonese, Pinyin], him¹ yêng⁶ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], khiam-niū [Hokkien, POJ], khiam-niū [Hokkien, Tai-lo], qiamniu [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], khiam-niō͘ [Hokkien, POJ], khiam-niōo [Hokkien, Tai-lo], khiam-jiōng [Hokkien, POJ], khiam-jiōng [Hokkien, Tai-lo], qiamjiong [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], khem nyangH [Middle-Chinese], /*k-r̥ˤem naŋ-s/ [Baxter-Sagart, Old-Chinese], /*kʰeːm njaŋs/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang]
Head templates: {{zh-verb}} 謙讓
  1. to modestly decline
    Sense id: en-謙讓-zh-verb--OiSGoSr Synonyms: 婉拒 (wǎnjù), 婉辭 (wǎncí), 婉辞 (wǎncí), 客氣, 客气, 推免 (tuīmiǎn) [literary], 推卻 (tuīquè), 推却 (tuīquè), 推絕 (tuījué), 推绝 (tuījué), 推謝 (tuīxiè), 推谢 (tuīxiè), 推辭 (tuīcí), 推辞 (tuīcí), 禮讓 (lǐràng), 礼让 (lǐràng), 謝絕 (xièjué), 谢绝 (xièjué), 辭讓 (círàng), 辞让 (círàng), 退讓 (tuìràng), 退让 (tuìràng)

Noun [Korean]

Forms: gyeomyang [romanization], 겸양 [hangeul]
Head templates: {{ko-noun|hangeul=겸양}} 謙讓 • (gyeomyang) (hangeul 겸양)
  1. Hanja form of 겸양. Tags: alt-of, hanja Alternative form of: 겸양

Download JSON data for 謙讓 meaning in All languages combined (10.6kB)

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "謙讓",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to modestly decline"
      ],
      "id": "en-謙讓-zh-verb--OiSGoSr",
      "links": [
        [
          "modestly",
          "modestly"
        ],
        [
          "decline",
          "decline"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "wǎnjù",
          "word": "婉拒"
        },
        {
          "roman": "wǎncí",
          "word": "婉辭"
        },
        {
          "roman": "wǎncí",
          "word": "婉辞"
        },
        {
          "word": "客氣"
        },
        {
          "word": "客气"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuīmiǎn",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "推免"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuīquè",
          "word": "推卻"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuīquè",
          "word": "推却"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuījué",
          "word": "推絕"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuījué",
          "word": "推绝"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuīxiè",
          "word": "推謝"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuīxiè",
          "word": "推谢"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuīcí",
          "word": "推辭"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuīcí",
          "word": "推辞"
        },
        {
          "roman": "lǐràng",
          "word": "禮讓"
        },
        {
          "roman": "lǐràng",
          "word": "礼让"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xièjué",
          "word": "謝絕"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xièjué",
          "word": "谢绝"
        },
        {
          "roman": "círàng",
          "word": "辭讓"
        },
        {
          "roman": "círàng",
          "word": "辞让"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuìràng",
          "word": "退讓"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuìràng",
          "word": "退让"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qiānràng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄑㄧㄢ ㄖㄤˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "him¹ joeng⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niū"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niō͘"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "khiam-jiōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qiānràng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cianràng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chʻien¹-jang⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chyān-ràng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chianranq"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цяньжан"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cjanʹžan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʐɑŋ⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hīm yeuhng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "him¹ joeng⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "him¹ yêng⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hiːm⁵⁵ jœːŋ²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qiamniu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niũ²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam³³ niũ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niō͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niōo"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niɔ̃²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-jiōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-jiōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qiamjiong"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɔŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khem nyangH"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*k-r̥ˤem naŋ-s/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*kʰeːm njaŋs/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/ khiam-niō͘ /"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʐɑŋ⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hiːm⁵⁵ jœːŋ²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niũ²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam³³ niũ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niɔ̃²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɔŋ³³/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*k-r̥ˤem naŋ-s/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*kʰeːm njaŋs/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "謙讓"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "jiāo'ào",
      "word": "驕傲"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiāo'ào",
      "word": "骄傲"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "謙讓"
          },
          "expansion": "謙讓",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "謙%譲",
            "2": "けん%じょう",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "謙(けん)譲(じょう) (kenjō)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "겸양(謙讓)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 겸양(謙讓) (gyeomyang)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "謙讓",
            "sc": "Hani"
          },
          "expansion": "謙讓",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "khiêm nhường",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "謙讓"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: khiêm nhường (謙讓)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "謙讓",
            "2": "けん%じょう",
            "3": "겸양",
            "4": "khiêm nhường",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "謙讓",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "謙讓",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "謙%譲",
            "v": "謙讓",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (謙讓):\n* → Japanese: 謙(けん)譲(じょう) (kenjō)\n* → Korean: 겸양(謙讓) (gyeomyang)\n* → Vietnamese: khiêm nhường (謙讓)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "けん%じょう",
            "3": "겸양",
            "4": "khiêm nhường",
            "s": "謙%譲"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (謙讓):\n* → Japanese: 謙(けん)譲(じょう) (kenjō)\n* → Korean: 겸양(謙讓) (gyeomyang)\n* → Vietnamese: khiêm nhường (謙讓)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (謙讓):\n* → Japanese: 謙(けん)譲(じょう) (kenjō)\n* → Korean: 겸양(謙讓) (gyeomyang)\n* → Vietnamese: khiêm nhường (謙讓)"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "謙讓",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "74 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "humble; modest; unassuming"
      ],
      "id": "en-謙讓-zh-adj-RJRyw1Go",
      "links": [
        [
          "humble",
          "humble"
        ],
        [
          "modest",
          "modest"
        ],
        [
          "unassuming",
          "unassuming"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "alt": "kiê-*diē",
          "tags": [
            "Eastern",
            "Min"
          ],
          "word": "徛裡"
        },
        {
          "alt": "kiê-*diē",
          "tags": [
            "Eastern",
            "Min"
          ],
          "word": "徛里"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zìqiān",
          "word": "自謙"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zìqiān",
          "word": "自谦"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xūxīn",
          "word": "虛心"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xūxīn",
          "word": "虚心"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "課謙"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "课谦"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qiānbēi",
          "word": "謙卑"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qiānbēi",
          "word": "谦卑"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qiānyì",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "謙抑"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qiānyì",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "谦抑"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qiānchōng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "謙沖"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qiānchōng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "谦冲"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qiānxū",
          "word": "謙虛"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qiānxū",
          "word": "谦虚"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qiānxùn",
          "word": "謙遜"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qiānxùn",
          "word": "谦逊"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "顧謙"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "顾谦"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qiānràng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄑㄧㄢ ㄖㄤˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "him¹ joeng⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niū"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niō͘"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "khiam-jiōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qiānràng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cianràng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chʻien¹-jang⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chyān-ràng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chianranq"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цяньжан"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cjanʹžan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʐɑŋ⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hīm yeuhng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "him¹ joeng⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "him¹ yêng⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hiːm⁵⁵ jœːŋ²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qiamniu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niũ²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam³³ niũ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niō͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niōo"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niɔ̃²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-jiōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-jiōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qiamjiong"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɔŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khem nyangH"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*k-r̥ˤem naŋ-s/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*kʰeːm njaŋs/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/ khiam-niō͘ /"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʐɑŋ⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hiːm⁵⁵ jœːŋ²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niũ²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam³³ niũ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niɔ̃²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɔŋ³³/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*k-r̥ˤem naŋ-s/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*kʰeːm njaŋs/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "謙讓"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gyeomyang",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "겸양",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hangeul": "겸양"
      },
      "expansion": "謙讓 • (gyeomyang) (hangeul 겸양)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "겸양"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hanja form of 겸양."
      ],
      "id": "en-謙讓-ko-noun-H06bJXjf",
      "links": [
        [
          "Hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "겸양",
          "겸양#Korean"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "謙讓"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese adjectives",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese verbs",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Old Chinese lemmas"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "謙讓",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to modestly decline"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "modestly",
          "modestly"
        ],
        [
          "decline",
          "decline"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qiānràng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄑㄧㄢ ㄖㄤˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "him¹ joeng⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niū"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niō͘"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "khiam-jiōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qiānràng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cianràng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chʻien¹-jang⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chyān-ràng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chianranq"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цяньжан"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cjanʹžan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʐɑŋ⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hīm yeuhng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "him¹ joeng⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "him¹ yêng⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hiːm⁵⁵ jœːŋ²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qiamniu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niũ²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam³³ niũ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niō͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niōo"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niɔ̃²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-jiōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-jiōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qiamjiong"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɔŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khem nyangH"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*k-r̥ˤem naŋ-s/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*kʰeːm njaŋs/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/ khiam-niō͘ /"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʐɑŋ⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hiːm⁵⁵ jœːŋ²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niũ²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam³³ niũ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niɔ̃²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɔŋ³³/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*k-r̥ˤem naŋ-s/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*kʰeːm njaŋs/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "wǎnjù",
      "word": "婉拒"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wǎncí",
      "word": "婉辭"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wǎncí",
      "word": "婉辞"
    },
    {
      "word": "客氣"
    },
    {
      "word": "客气"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuīmiǎn",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "推免"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuīquè",
      "word": "推卻"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuīquè",
      "word": "推却"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuījué",
      "word": "推絕"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuījué",
      "word": "推绝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuīxiè",
      "word": "推謝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuīxiè",
      "word": "推谢"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuīcí",
      "word": "推辭"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuīcí",
      "word": "推辞"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǐràng",
      "word": "禮讓"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǐràng",
      "word": "礼让"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xièjué",
      "word": "謝絕"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xièjué",
      "word": "谢绝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "círàng",
      "word": "辭讓"
    },
    {
      "roman": "círàng",
      "word": "辞让"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuìràng",
      "word": "退讓"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuìràng",
      "word": "退让"
    }
  ],
  "word": "謙讓"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "jiāo'ào",
      "word": "驕傲"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiāo'ào",
      "word": "骄傲"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Chinese adjectives",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese verbs",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Old Chinese lemmas"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "謙讓"
          },
          "expansion": "謙讓",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "謙%譲",
            "2": "けん%じょう",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "謙(けん)譲(じょう) (kenjō)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "겸양(謙讓)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 겸양(謙讓) (gyeomyang)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "謙讓",
            "sc": "Hani"
          },
          "expansion": "謙讓",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "khiêm nhường",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "謙讓"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: khiêm nhường (謙讓)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "謙讓",
            "2": "けん%じょう",
            "3": "겸양",
            "4": "khiêm nhường",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "謙讓",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "謙讓",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "謙%譲",
            "v": "謙讓",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (謙讓):\n* → Japanese: 謙(けん)譲(じょう) (kenjō)\n* → Korean: 겸양(謙讓) (gyeomyang)\n* → Vietnamese: khiêm nhường (謙讓)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "けん%じょう",
            "3": "겸양",
            "4": "khiêm nhường",
            "s": "謙%譲"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (謙讓):\n* → Japanese: 謙(けん)譲(じょう) (kenjō)\n* → Korean: 겸양(謙讓) (gyeomyang)\n* → Vietnamese: khiêm nhường (謙讓)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (謙讓):\n* → Japanese: 謙(けん)譲(じょう) (kenjō)\n* → Korean: 겸양(謙讓) (gyeomyang)\n* → Vietnamese: khiêm nhường (謙讓)"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "謙讓",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "humble; modest; unassuming"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "humble",
          "humble"
        ],
        [
          "modest",
          "modest"
        ],
        [
          "unassuming",
          "unassuming"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qiānràng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄑㄧㄢ ㄖㄤˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "him¹ joeng⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niū"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niō͘"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "khiam-jiōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qiānràng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cianràng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chʻien¹-jang⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chyān-ràng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chianranq"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цяньжан"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cjanʹžan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʐɑŋ⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hīm yeuhng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "him¹ joeng⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "him¹ yêng⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hiːm⁵⁵ jœːŋ²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qiamniu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niũ²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam³³ niũ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niō͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-niōo"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niɔ̃²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-jiōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiam-jiōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qiamjiong"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɔŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khem nyangH"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*k-r̥ˤem naŋ-s/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*kʰeːm njaŋs/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/ khiam-niō͘ /"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʐɑŋ⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hiːm⁵⁵ jœːŋ²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niũ²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam³³ niũ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² niɔ̃²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰiam⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɔŋ³³/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*k-r̥ˤem naŋ-s/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*kʰeːm njaŋs/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "alt": "kiê-*diē",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern",
        "Min"
      ],
      "word": "徛裡"
    },
    {
      "alt": "kiê-*diē",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern",
        "Min"
      ],
      "word": "徛里"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zìqiān",
      "word": "自謙"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zìqiān",
      "word": "自谦"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xūxīn",
      "word": "虛心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xūxīn",
      "word": "虚心"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "課謙"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "课谦"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiānbēi",
      "word": "謙卑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiānbēi",
      "word": "谦卑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiānyì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "謙抑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiānyì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "谦抑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiānchōng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "謙沖"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiānchōng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "谦冲"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiānxū",
      "word": "謙虛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiānxū",
      "word": "谦虚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiānxùn",
      "word": "謙遜"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiānxùn",
      "word": "谦逊"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "顧謙"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "顾谦"
    }
  ],
  "word": "謙讓"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gyeomyang",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "겸양",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hangeul": "겸양"
      },
      "expansion": "謙讓 • (gyeomyang) (hangeul 겸양)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "겸양"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean nouns",
        "Korean nouns in Han script",
        "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hanja form of 겸양."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "겸양",
          "겸양#Korean"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "謙讓"
}
{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
  "path": [
    "謙讓"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "謙讓",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "謙讓"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "謙讓",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "謙讓"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "謙讓",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "謙讓"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "謙讓",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.