See 菜心 on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "choy sum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: choy sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: choy sum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chye sim",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: chye sim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: chye sim"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "菜心",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "99 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "97 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "98 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Brassicas",
"orig": "zh:Brassicas",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"choy sum (Chinese vegetable in the Brassica family)"
],
"id": "en-菜心-zh-noun-O95ONDzt",
"links": [
[
"choy sum",
"choy sum"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"heart (of a cabbage, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-菜心-zh-noun-7Jf8iNVA",
"links": [
[
"heart",
"heart"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "càixīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄘㄞˋ ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "coi³ sam¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "chhài-sim"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁵tshe-shin₁"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁵tshae-shin₁"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "càixīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄘㄞˋ ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "càisin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tsʻai⁴-hsin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tsài-syīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tsayshin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цайсинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "cajsinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ɕin⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "choi sām"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tsoi³ sam¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "coi³ sem¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ sɐm⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chhài-sim"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tshài-sim"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zhaesym"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁵³ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sim³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁵³ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵tshe-shin₁"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "tshe^去 shin^平"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "²tshe-xin₁"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰe³³ ɕin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Wu"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵tshae-shin₁"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "tshae^去 shin^平"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɛ⁴⁴ ɕin⁵³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Jiaxing"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Wu"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ɕin⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ sɐm⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁵³ sim⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sim³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁵³ sim⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ sim⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ sim⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰe³³ ɕin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɛ⁴⁴ ɕin⁵³/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "càitái",
"word": "菜薹"
}
],
"word": "菜心"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "菜心",
"sort": "さいしん"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese 菜心",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Middle Chinese 菜心",
"forms": [
{
"form": "菜心",
"ruby": [
[
"菜",
"さい"
],
[
"心",
"しん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "菜心",
"ruby": [
[
"菜心",
"サイシン"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "saishin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "さいしん",
"2": "サイシン"
},
"expansion": "菜(さい)心(しん) or 菜心(サイシン) • (saishin)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Brassicas",
"orig": "ja:Brassicas",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"choy sum"
],
"id": "en-菜心-ja-noun-Kqr4juD5",
"links": [
[
"choy sum",
"choy sum"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[sa̠iɕĩɴ]"
}
],
"word": "菜心"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 心",
"Chinese terms spelled with 菜",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Brassicas"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "choy sum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: choy sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: choy sum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chye sim",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: chye sim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: chye sim"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "菜心",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"choy sum (Chinese vegetable in the Brassica family)"
],
"links": [
[
"choy sum",
"choy sum"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"heart (of a cabbage, etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"heart",
"heart"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "càixīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄘㄞˋ ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "coi³ sam¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "chhài-sim"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁵tshe-shin₁"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁵tshae-shin₁"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "càixīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄘㄞˋ ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "càisin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tsʻai⁴-hsin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tsài-syīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tsayshin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цайсинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "cajsinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ɕin⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "choi sām"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tsoi³ sam¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "coi³ sem¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ sɐm⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chhài-sim"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tshài-sim"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zhaesym"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁵³ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sim³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁵³ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵tshe-shin₁"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "tshe^去 shin^平"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "²tshe-xin₁"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰe³³ ɕin⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Wu"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵tshae-shin₁"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "tshae^去 shin^平"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɛ⁴⁴ ɕin⁵³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Jiaxing"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Wu"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ɕin⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ sɐm⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁵³ sim⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sim³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁵³ sim⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ sim⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ sim⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰe³³ ɕin⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɛ⁴⁴ ɕin⁵³/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "càitái",
"word": "菜薹"
}
],
"word": "菜心"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "菜心",
"sort": "さいしん"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese 菜心",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Middle Chinese 菜心",
"forms": [
{
"form": "菜心",
"ruby": [
[
"菜",
"さい"
],
[
"心",
"しん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "菜心",
"ruby": [
[
"菜心",
"サイシン"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "saishin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "さいしん",
"2": "サイシン"
},
"expansion": "菜(さい)心(しん) or 菜心(サイシン) • (saishin)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Brassicas"
],
"glosses": [
"choy sum"
],
"links": [
[
"choy sum",
"choy sum"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[sa̠iɕĩɴ]"
}
],
"word": "菜心"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 菜心 meaning in All languages combined (5.3kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
"path": [
"菜心"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "菜心",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Northern, Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"菜心"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "菜心",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"菜心"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "菜心",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "linkages/371",
"msg": "unrecognized linkage prefix: (choy sum): 菜薹 (càitái) desc=choy sum rest=菜薹 (càitái) cls=romanization cls2=other e1=True e2=False",
"path": [
"菜心"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "菜心",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"菜心"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "菜心",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-20 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.