See 苦行 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 苦行 meaning in All languages combined (15.9kB)
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "苦行",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "zh:Religion",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kǔxíngzhǔyì",
"word": "苦行主義"
},
{
"roman": "kǔxíngzhǔyì",
"word": "苦行主义"
},
{
"roman": "kǔxíngsēng",
"word": "苦行僧"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to follow ascetic practices"
],
"id": "en-苦行-zh-verb-~LCav-1S",
"links": [
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"follow",
"follow"
],
[
"ascetic",
"ascetic"
],
[
"practice",
"practice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(religion) to follow ascetic practices"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔxíng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄥˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² hang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "khú-hàng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "khó͘-hēng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔxíng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔsíng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻu³-hsing²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔ-syíng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuushyng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "кусин"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kusin"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕiŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "fú hàhng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² hang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² heng⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/fuː³⁵ hɐŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "khú-hàng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ku` hangˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ku³ hang²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu³¹ haŋ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khó͘-hēng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khóo-hīng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qofheng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hiɪŋ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕiŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/fuː³⁵ hɐŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu³¹ haŋ¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hiɪŋ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ³³/"
}
],
"word": "苦行"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "苦行"
},
"expansion": "苦行",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "苦行",
"2": "くぎょう",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "苦行(くぎょう) (kugyō)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "고행(苦行)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 고행(苦行) (gohaeng)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "苦行",
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "苦行",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "khổ hạnh",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "苦行"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: khổ hạnh (苦行)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "苦行",
"2": "くぎょう",
"3": "고행",
"4": "khổ hạnh",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "苦行",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "苦行",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "苦行",
"v": "苦行",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (苦行):\n* → Japanese: 苦行(くぎょう) (kugyō)\n* → Korean: 고행(苦行) (gohaeng)\n* → Vietnamese: khổ hạnh (苦行)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "くぎょう",
"3": "고행",
"4": "khổ hạnh"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (苦行):\n* → Japanese: 苦行(くぎょう) (kugyō)\n* → Korean: 고행(苦行) (gohaeng)\n* → Vietnamese: khổ hạnh (苦行)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (苦行):\n* → Japanese: 苦行(くぎょう) (kugyō)\n* → Korean: 고행(苦行) (gohaeng)\n* → Vietnamese: khổ hạnh (苦行)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "苦行",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "66 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"person in charge of odd jobs in a temple"
],
"id": "en-苦行-zh-noun-froOXjqV",
"links": [
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"in charge of",
"in charge of"
],
[
"odd",
"odd"
],
[
"job",
"job"
],
[
"temple",
"temple"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) person in charge of odd jobs in a temple"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔxíng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄥˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² hang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "khú-hàng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "khó͘-hēng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔxíng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔsíng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻu³-hsing²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔ-syíng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuushyng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "кусин"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kusin"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕiŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "fú hàhng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² hang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² heng⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/fuː³⁵ hɐŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "khú-hàng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ku` hangˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ku³ hang²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu³¹ haŋ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khó͘-hēng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khóo-hīng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qofheng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hiɪŋ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕiŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/fuː³⁵ hɐŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu³¹ haŋ¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hiɪŋ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ³³/"
}
],
"word": "苦行"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "苦行",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"行",
"ぎょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyau",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎやう",
"roman": "kugyau",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くぎょう",
"hhira": "くぎやう"
},
"expansion": "苦(く)行(ぎょう) • (kugyō) ^(←くぎやう (kugyau)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"strenuous work"
],
"id": "en-苦行-ja-noun-bFUxop4m",
"links": [
[
"strenuous",
"strenuous"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Buddhism",
"orig": "ja:Buddhism",
"parents": [
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 64 5 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 67 6 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 66 6 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 67 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 67 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 34 27 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"practicing asceticism"
],
"id": "en-苦行-ja-noun-jhkJUhLr",
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
],
[
"practic",
"practice"
],
[
"asceticism",
"asceticism"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhism) practicing asceticism"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くぎょー"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ᵝɡʲo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "苦行"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "苦行する",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"行",
"ぎょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyau",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行し",
"roman": "kugyō shi",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"行",
"ぎょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行した",
"roman": "kugyō shita",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"行",
"ぎょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 34 27 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to do strenuous work"
],
"id": "en-苦行-ja-verb-rklXZ3XM",
"links": [
[
"strenuous",
"strenuous"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Buddhism",
"orig": "ja:Buddhism",
"parents": [
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 34 27 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to follow ascetic practices"
],
"id": "en-苦行-ja-verb-~LCav-1S",
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
],
[
"follow",
"follow"
],
[
"ascetic",
"ascetic"
],
[
"practice",
"practice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhism) to follow ascetic practices"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くぎょー"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ᵝɡʲo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "苦行"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kǔxíngzhǔyì",
"word": "苦行主義"
},
{
"roman": "kǔxíngzhǔyì",
"word": "苦行主义"
},
{
"roman": "kǔxíngsēng",
"word": "苦行僧"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "苦行",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"zh:Religion"
],
"glosses": [
"to follow ascetic practices"
],
"links": [
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"follow",
"follow"
],
[
"ascetic",
"ascetic"
],
[
"practice",
"practice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(religion) to follow ascetic practices"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔxíng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄥˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² hang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "khú-hàng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "khó͘-hēng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔxíng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔsíng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻu³-hsing²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔ-syíng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuushyng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "кусин"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kusin"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕiŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "fú hàhng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² hang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² heng⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/fuː³⁵ hɐŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "khú-hàng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ku` hangˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ku³ hang²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu³¹ haŋ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khó͘-hēng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khóo-hīng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qofheng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hiɪŋ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕiŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/fuː³⁵ hɐŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu³¹ haŋ¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hiɪŋ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ³³/"
}
],
"word": "苦行"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "苦行"
},
"expansion": "苦行",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "苦行",
"2": "くぎょう",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "苦行(くぎょう) (kugyō)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "고행(苦行)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 고행(苦行) (gohaeng)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "苦行",
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "苦行",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "khổ hạnh",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "苦行"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: khổ hạnh (苦行)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "苦行",
"2": "くぎょう",
"3": "고행",
"4": "khổ hạnh",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "苦行",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "苦行",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "苦行",
"v": "苦行",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (苦行):\n* → Japanese: 苦行(くぎょう) (kugyō)\n* → Korean: 고행(苦行) (gohaeng)\n* → Vietnamese: khổ hạnh (苦行)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "くぎょう",
"3": "고행",
"4": "khổ hạnh"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (苦行):\n* → Japanese: 苦行(くぎょう) (kugyō)\n* → Korean: 고행(苦行) (gohaeng)\n* → Vietnamese: khổ hạnh (苦行)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (苦行):\n* → Japanese: 苦行(くぎょう) (kugyō)\n* → Korean: 고행(苦行) (gohaeng)\n* → Vietnamese: khổ hạnh (苦行)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "苦行",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"person in charge of odd jobs in a temple"
],
"links": [
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"in charge of",
"in charge of"
],
[
"odd",
"odd"
],
[
"job",
"job"
],
[
"temple",
"temple"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) person in charge of odd jobs in a temple"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔxíng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄥˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² hang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "khú-hàng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "khó͘-hēng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔxíng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔsíng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻu³-hsing²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔ-syíng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuushyng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "кусин"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kusin"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕiŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "fú hàhng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² hang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² heng⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/fuː³⁵ hɐŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "khú-hàng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ku` hangˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ku³ hang²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu³¹ haŋ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khó͘-hēng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khóo-hīng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qofheng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hiɪŋ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕiŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/fuː³⁵ hɐŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu³¹ haŋ¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hiɪŋ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hiɪŋ³³/"
}
],
"word": "苦行"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "苦行",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"行",
"ぎょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyau",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎやう",
"roman": "kugyau",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くぎょう",
"hhira": "くぎやう"
},
"expansion": "苦(く)行(ぎょう) • (kugyō) ^(←くぎやう (kugyau)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"strenuous work"
],
"links": [
[
"strenuous",
"strenuous"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"ja:Buddhism"
],
"glosses": [
"practicing asceticism"
],
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
],
[
"practic",
"practice"
],
[
"asceticism",
"asceticism"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhism) practicing asceticism"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くぎょー"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ᵝɡʲo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "苦行"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "苦行する",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"行",
"ぎょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyau",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行し",
"roman": "kugyō shi",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"行",
"ぎょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行した",
"roman": "kugyō shita",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"行",
"ぎょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "苦行すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "くぎょうすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kugyō sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to do strenuous work"
],
"links": [
[
"strenuous",
"strenuous"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"ja:Buddhism"
],
"glosses": [
"to follow ascetic practices"
],
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
],
[
"follow",
"follow"
],
[
"ascetic",
"ascetic"
],
[
"practice",
"practice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhism) to follow ascetic practices"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くぎょー"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ᵝɡʲo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "苦行"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.